{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399089172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113467","title":"MCML-BF: A Metal-Column Embedded Microstrip Line Transmission Structure with Bias Feeders for Beam-Scanning Leakage Antenna Design","display_name":"MCML-BF: A Metal-Column Embedded Microstrip Line Transmission Structure with Bias Feeders for Beam-Scanning Leakage Antenna Design","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399089172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113467","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38894261"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24113467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113467","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045844661","display_name":"Shunhu Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-4747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shunhu Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-4747","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016755636","display_name":"Shengliang Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8758-6312"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengliang Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087495925","display_name":"Youchen Fan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youchen Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101896063","display_name":"Yuhai Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2372-4727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhai Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2372-4727","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101872394","display_name":"Zhao Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3624-6876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004994159","display_name":"Jinming Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8906-9191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinming Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045844661"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09297071,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"11","first_page":"3467","last_page":"3467"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6533351540565491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstrip","display_name":"Microstrip","score":0.5959206819534302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.5408421754837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.538148045539856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaky-wave-antenna","display_name":"Leaky wave antenna","score":0.5227515697479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstrip-antenna","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","score":0.4942150413990021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.46938177943229675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-pattern","display_name":"Radiation pattern","score":0.46719858050346375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patch-antenna","display_name":"Patch antenna","score":0.4624488651752472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biasing","display_name":"Biasing","score":0.4335668683052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-efficiency","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","score":0.43322330713272095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission-line","display_name":"Transmission line","score":0.42505767941474915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.40393972396850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.35021454095840454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.2640487551689148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23469242453575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1474400758743286}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6533351540565491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639055","display_name":"Microstrip","level":2,"score":0.5959206819534302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5408421754837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.538148045539856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509353","display_name":"Leaky wave antenna","level":4,"score":0.5227515697479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170349913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13402882","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","level":3,"score":0.4942150413990021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.46938177943229675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151764478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571921","display_name":"Radiation pattern","level":3,"score":0.46719858050346375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159238334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1419428","display_name":"Patch antenna","level":3,"score":0.4624488651752472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20254490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719550","display_name":"Biasing","level":3,"score":0.4335668683052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160844929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55604036","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","level":4,"score":0.43322330713272095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33441834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q693004","display_name":"Transmission line","level":2,"score":0.42505767941474915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.40393972396850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.35021454095840454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2640487551689148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23469242453575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1474400758743286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24113467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38894261","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38894261","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11174548","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11174548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:102d72e3fd47441e87120d2f843c16e1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/102d72e3fd47441e87120d2f843c16e1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 11, p 3467 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/24/11/3467/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24113467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24113467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W39908286","https://openalex.org/W193583557","https://openalex.org/W1970076178","https://openalex.org/W1977638159","https://openalex.org/W1988366349","https://openalex.org/W1992042367","https://openalex.org/W1993717880","https://openalex.org/W1995650956","https://openalex.org/W1997438390","https://openalex.org/W2019486625","https://openalex.org/W2027012369","https://openalex.org/W2105428393","https://openalex.org/W2117034576","https://openalex.org/W2123120843","https://openalex.org/W2135991311","https://openalex.org/W2147825353","https://openalex.org/W2148366775","https://openalex.org/W2161079161","https://openalex.org/W2167382363","https://openalex.org/W2291876456","https://openalex.org/W2295512501","https://openalex.org/W2518602272","https://openalex.org/W2593953606","https://openalex.org/W2606587541","https://openalex.org/W2611938631","https://openalex.org/W2759316763","https://openalex.org/W2793275209","https://openalex.org/W2904028866","https://openalex.org/W2904782753","https://openalex.org/W2909584370","https://openalex.org/W2912690137","https://openalex.org/W2982475098","https://openalex.org/W2992191222","https://openalex.org/W3011509676","https://openalex.org/W3015893839","https://openalex.org/W3040889633","https://openalex.org/W3109084562","https://openalex.org/W3131691489","https://openalex.org/W3134193933","https://openalex.org/W3208453257","https://openalex.org/W4281642206","https://openalex.org/W4283753333","https://openalex.org/W4285386381","https://openalex.org/W4286359454","https://openalex.org/W4295706220","https://openalex.org/W4313556357","https://openalex.org/W4319298556","https://openalex.org/W4319319978","https://openalex.org/W4379117173","https://openalex.org/W4380084559","https://openalex.org/W4383912347","https://openalex.org/W4387197100","https://openalex.org/W4391876213","https://openalex.org/W4392823970","https://openalex.org/W4393353087","https://openalex.org/W4393356683","https://openalex.org/W6680197201","https://openalex.org/W6696926563","https://openalex.org/W6735185844"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3163178830","https://openalex.org/W4318602069","https://openalex.org/W2025768689","https://openalex.org/W2096438253","https://openalex.org/W2035862430","https://openalex.org/W2791660155","https://openalex.org/W2318435654","https://openalex.org/W2048710592","https://openalex.org/W2038364775","https://openalex.org/W2000683787"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,72],"article":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,12,19,117,129,147,163],"novel":[4],"fixed-frequency":[5],"beam":[6,120,141,239],"scanning":[7,142,240],"leakage":[8],"antenna":[9,73,114,187,219,226],"based":[10],"on":[11,29,175,186,218],"liquid":[13],"crystal":[14],"metamaterial":[15],"(LCM)":[16],"and":[17,61,103,179,242],"adopting":[18],"metal":[20,45,105],"column":[21],"embedded":[22],"microstrip":[23,31],"line":[24,32],"(MCML)":[25],"transmission":[26,34,98],"structure.":[27],"Based":[28],"the":[30,48,97,101,104,113,135,152,157,170,176,181,194,200,203,208,225,230],"(ML)":[33],"structure,":[35],"it":[36],"was":[37],"observed":[38],"that":[39,112,193],"by":[40,82,145,214],"adding":[41],"two":[42,204],"rows":[43],"of":[44,131,172,183,210,232],"columns":[46],"in":[47,96],"dielectric":[49,159],"substrate,":[50],"electromagnetic":[51,77],"waves":[52,78],"can":[53,64,115,197],"be":[54,65],"more":[55],"effectively":[56],"transmitted":[57],"to":[58,67,125,151,155,168],"reduce":[59],"dissipation,":[60],"attenuation":[62],"loss":[63],"lowered":[66],"improve":[68],"energy":[69],"radiation":[70],"efficiency.":[71],"couples":[74],"TEM":[75],"mode":[76],"into":[79],"free":[80],"space":[81],"periodically":[83],"arranging":[84],"72":[85],"complementary":[86],"split":[87],"ring":[88],"resonators":[89],"(CSRRs).":[90],"The":[91,108],"LC":[92,153,158,215],"layer":[93,154,216],"is":[94,143],"encapsulated":[95],"medium":[99],"between":[100,202],"ML":[102],"grounding":[106],"plate.":[107],"simulation":[109],"results":[110],"show":[111],"achieve":[116],"106\u00b0":[118],"continuous":[119],"turning":[121],"from":[122],"reverse":[123],"-52\u00b0":[124],"forward":[126],"54\u00b0":[127],"at":[128],"frequency":[130,234],"38":[132],"GHz":[133],"with":[134,222],"holographic":[136],"principle.":[137],"In":[138],"practical":[139],"applications,":[140],"achieved":[144],"applying":[146],"DC":[148,177,184],"bias":[149,165,185,195,211],"voltage":[150,212],"adjust":[156],"constant.":[160],"We":[161],"designed":[162],"sector-blocking":[164],"feeder":[166,196],"structure":[167],"minimize":[169],"impact":[171,209],"RF":[173],"signals":[174],"source":[178],"avoid":[180],"effect":[182],"radiation.":[188],"Further":[189],"comparative":[190],"experiments":[191],"revealed":[192],"significantly":[198],"diminish":[199],"influence":[201],"sources,":[205],"thereby":[206],"reducing":[207],"introduced":[213],"feeding":[217],"performance.":[220],"Compared":[221],"existing":[223],"approaches,":[224],"array":[227],"simultaneously":[228],"combines":[229],"advantages":[231],"high":[233,236],"band,":[235],"gain,":[237],"wide":[238],"range,":[241],"low":[243],"loss.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
