{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396747293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24102986","title":"Development of 2400\u20132450 MHz Frequency Band RF Energy Harvesting System for Low-Power Device Operation","display_name":"Development of 2400\u20132450 MHz Frequency Band RF Energy Harvesting System for Low-Power Device Operation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396747293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24102986","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38793841"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24102986","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24102986","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/10/2986/pdf?version=1715161464","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/10/2986/pdf?version=1715161464","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101608914","display_name":"Nasir Ullah Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2943-7827"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39387349","display_name":"University of Chieti-Pescara","ror":"https://ror.org/00qjgza05","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39387349"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nasir Ullah Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering and Geology, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti\u2014Pescara, 65127 Pescara, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2943-7827","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and Geology, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti\u2014Pescara, 65127 Pescara, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39387349"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101991968","display_name":"Sana Ullah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68618741","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Bari","ror":"https://ror.org/03c44v465","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sana Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68618741"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003822707","display_name":"Farid Ullah Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7331-0064"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610274","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/00p034093","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farid Ullah Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechatronics Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7331-0064","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechatronics Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048870996","display_name":"Arcangelo Merla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1111-6255"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39387349","display_name":"University of Chieti-Pescara","ror":"https://ror.org/00qjgza05","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39387349"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arcangelo Merla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering and Geology, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti\u2014Pescara, 65127 Pescara, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and Geology, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti\u2014Pescara, 65127 Pescara, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39387349"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101608914"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39387349"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.72,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84171726,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"10","first_page":"2986","last_page":"2986"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11230","display_name":"Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11249","display_name":"Wireless Power Transfer Systems","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.6749840974807739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.668056845664978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rectifier","display_name":"Rectifier (neural networks)","score":0.6136485934257507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-harvesting","display_name":"Energy harvesting","score":0.6067237257957458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rf-power-amplifier","display_name":"RF power amplifier","score":0.5738346576690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/booster","display_name":"Booster (rocketry)","score":0.5547743439674377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impedance-matching","display_name":"Impedance matching","score":0.5471575856208801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5367777347564697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-tuner","display_name":"Antenna tuner","score":0.4210612177848816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4183712899684906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ism-band","display_name":"ISM band","score":0.41155239939689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.4111034870147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-power-principle","display_name":"Maximum power principle","score":0.41058409214019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.3775129020214081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3657325208187103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3475741147994995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3060024380683899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstrip-antenna","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","score":0.18095967173576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15784397721290588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.08546501398086548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-factor","display_name":"Antenna factor","score":0.08328366279602051}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6749840974807739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.668056845664978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50100734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7303176","display_name":"Rectifier (neural networks)","level":5,"score":0.6136485934257507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101518730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930236","display_name":"Energy harvesting","level":3,"score":0.6067237257957458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196054291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7276624","display_name":"RF power amplifier","level":4,"score":0.5738346576690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203165030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q741745","display_name":"Booster (rocketry)","level":2,"score":0.5547743439674377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C612350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761108","display_name":"Impedance matching","level":3,"score":0.5471575856208801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5367777347564697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119439620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568420","display_name":"Antenna tuner","level":5,"score":0.4210612177848816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4183712899684906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780652538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q304545","display_name":"ISM band","level":3,"score":0.41155239939689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.4111034870147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116615679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795908","display_name":"Maximum power principle","level":3,"score":0.41058409214019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.3775129020214081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3657325208187103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3475741147994995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3060024380683899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170349913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13402882","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","level":3,"score":0.18095967173576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15784397721290588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.08546501398086548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196931383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771253","display_name":"Antenna factor","level":4,"score":0.08328366279602051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86582703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617824","display_name":"Stochastic neural network","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24102986","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24102986","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/10/2986/pdf?version=1715161464","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38793841","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38793841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11125279","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11125279","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11125279/pdf/sensors-24-02986.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:93b8b844b25f4377a2bb967c7158b641","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/93b8b844b25f4377a2bb967c7158b641","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 10, p 2986 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24102986","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24102986","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/10/2986/pdf?version=1715161464","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396747293.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1599684980","https://openalex.org/W1971775068","https://openalex.org/W2032530270","https://openalex.org/W2048071656","https://openalex.org/W2081043821","https://openalex.org/W2150801051","https://openalex.org/W2166553206","https://openalex.org/W2783622501","https://openalex.org/W2784056166","https://openalex.org/W2791223808","https://openalex.org/W2889612200","https://openalex.org/W2906623207","https://openalex.org/W2915978522","https://openalex.org/W2917180555","https://openalex.org/W2963678302","https://openalex.org/W3012290743","https://openalex.org/W3080769621","https://openalex.org/W3086633840","https://openalex.org/W3186847136","https://openalex.org/W3187829795","https://openalex.org/W3203136251","https://openalex.org/W4206201730","https://openalex.org/W4226266127","https://openalex.org/W4226418852","https://openalex.org/W4286212780","https://openalex.org/W4301314417","https://openalex.org/W4318200467","https://openalex.org/W4321021855","https://openalex.org/W4323054207","https://openalex.org/W4366254541","https://openalex.org/W4386385026","https://openalex.org/W4386969360","https://openalex.org/W4387876943","https://openalex.org/W4387880086","https://openalex.org/W4388125379","https://openalex.org/W4388651670","https://openalex.org/W4390949704","https://openalex.org/W6856585774"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2044094047","https://openalex.org/W2159975605","https://openalex.org/W3011565042","https://openalex.org/W3162675922","https://openalex.org/W1980044407","https://openalex.org/W4312296013","https://openalex.org/W2157371072","https://openalex.org/W2271193523","https://openalex.org/W4280552745","https://openalex.org/W2540336923"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"there":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3],"an":[4,95,139,185,207],"increasing":[5],"fascination":[6],"for":[7,219],"employing":[8],"radio":[9],"frequency":[10],"(RF)":[11],"energy":[12,25,37],"harvesting":[13,38],"techniques":[14],"to":[15,42,61,83,101,154,184],"energize":[16],"various":[17],"low-power":[18],"devices":[19],"by":[20],"harnessing":[21],"the":[22,27,81,85,106,111,117,124,148,174,200],"ambient":[23,63],"RF":[24,36,64,87],"in":[26,35,206],"surroundings.":[28],"This":[29],"work":[30],"outlines":[31],"a":[32,71,128,156,166,193],"novel":[33],"advancement":[34],"(RFEH)":[39],"technology,":[40],"intending":[41],"power":[43,49,115,130,141,176],"portable":[44],"gadgets":[45],"with":[46,80,192],"minimal":[47],"operating":[48,66,137],"demands.":[50],"A":[51],"high-gain":[52],"receiver":[53],"microstrip":[54],"patch":[55],"antenna":[56,107],"was":[57,76,99,180,203],"designed":[58],"and":[59,78,108],"tested":[60,205],"capture":[62],"residue,":[65],"at":[67,138,216],"2450":[68],"MHz.":[69],"Similarly,":[70],"two-stage":[72],"Dickson":[73],"voltage":[74,92,149],"booster":[75,150],"developed":[77,118,125],"employed":[79],"RFEH":[82,202],"transform":[84],"received":[86],"signals":[88,211],"into":[89],"useful":[90],"DC":[91,171],"signals.":[93],"Additionally,":[94],"LC":[96],"series":[97],"circuit":[98],"utilized":[100],"ensure":[102],"impedance":[103],"matching":[104],"between":[105],"rectifier,":[109],"facilitating":[110],"extraction":[112],"of":[113,134,143,161,177,189,196],"maximum":[114,175],"from":[116,212],"prototype.":[119],"The":[120],"findings":[121],"indicate":[122],"that":[123],"rectifier":[126],"attained":[127],"peak":[129],"conversion":[131],"efficiency":[132],"(PCE)":[133],"64%":[135],"when":[136,182],"input":[140,158,186],"level":[142],"0":[144],"dBm.":[145],"During":[146],"experimentation,":[147],"demonstrated":[151],"its":[152],"capability":[153],"rectify":[155],"minimum":[157],"AC":[159,187],"signal":[160,188],"only":[162],"50":[163],"mV,":[164],"yielding":[165],"corresponding":[167],"180":[168],"mV":[169,191],"output":[170],"signal.":[172],"Moreover,":[173],"4.60":[178],"\u00b5W":[179],"achieved":[181],"subjected":[183],"1500":[190],"load":[194],"resistance":[195],"470":[197],"k\u03a9.":[198],"Finally,":[199],"devised":[201],"also":[204],"open":[208],"environment,":[209],"receiving":[210],"Wi-Fi":[213],"modems":[214],"positioned":[215],"varying":[217],"distances":[218],"evaluation.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}