{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396518193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092846","title":"Image Super Resolution-Based Channel Estimation for Orthogonal Chirp Division Multiplexing on Shallow Water Underwater Acoustic Communications","display_name":"Image Super Resolution-Based Channel Estimation for Orthogonal Chirp Division Multiplexing on Shallow Water Underwater Acoustic Communications","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396518193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092846","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38732952"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24092846","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092846","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/9/2846/pdf?version=1714470190","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/9/2846/pdf?version=1714470190","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053649474","display_name":"Haoyang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0913-1427"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Ocean Technology Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science), Qingdao 266100, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0913-1427","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Ocean Technology Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science), Qingdao 266100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101805235","display_name":"Chuanlin He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9412-5466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuanlin He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Ocean Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai 264209, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Ocean Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai 264209, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101077631","display_name":"Yanting Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130071","display_name":"Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation","ror":"https://ror.org/037z0v527","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130071"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanting Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science), Qingdao 266100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science), Qingdao 266100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853","https://openalex.org/I4210130071"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056105793","display_name":"Yiqi Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3380-393X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130071","display_name":"Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation","ror":"https://ror.org/037z0v527","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130071"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yiqi Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science), Qingdao 266100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science), Qingdao 266100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853","https://openalex.org/I4210130071"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100882803","display_name":"Yufei Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8640-0815"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yufei Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tangshan Institute of Southwest Jiaotong University, Southwest Jiaotong University, Tangshan 063000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tangshan Institute of Southwest Jiaotong University, Southwest Jiaotong University, Tangshan 063000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056105793"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853","https://openalex.org/I4210130071"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":1.4611,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7765544,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"9","first_page":"2846","last_page":"2846"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater-acoustic-communication","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","score":0.7238094210624695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.7008270025253296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.6336721777915955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.6200457215309143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5994635820388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5705327987670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5441601276397705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chirp","display_name":"Chirp","score":0.521812915802002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.4677215814590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3351495862007141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.3048783540725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.293854683637619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.09309914708137512}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169111936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424098","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","level":3,"score":0.7238094210624695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.7008270025253296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.6336721777915955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.6200457215309143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5994635820388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5705327987670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5441601276397705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132794960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27304","display_name":"Chirp","level":3,"score":0.521812915802002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.4677215814590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3351495862007141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.3048783540725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.293854683637619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.09309914708137512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24092846","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092846","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/9/2846/pdf?version=1714470190","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38732952","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38732952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11086094","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11086094","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11086094/pdf/sensors-24-02846.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:48e4109ba401460081f48355b0067834","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/48e4109ba401460081f48355b0067834","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 9, p 2846 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24092846","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092846","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/9/2846/pdf?version=1714470190","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3650526551","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022JBZ01-02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328720","funder_display_name":"Qilu University of Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7412340988","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022PX088","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328720","funder_display_name":"Qilu University of Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328720","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396518193.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993145362","https://openalex.org/W2113793579","https://openalex.org/W2170984917","https://openalex.org/W2734408173","https://openalex.org/W2736068844","https://openalex.org/W2744919414","https://openalex.org/W2782150263","https://openalex.org/W2789873852","https://openalex.org/W2798948906","https://openalex.org/W2886374543","https://openalex.org/W2909191390","https://openalex.org/W2940573732","https://openalex.org/W2963030992","https://openalex.org/W2963190722","https://openalex.org/W2963290405","https://openalex.org/W2963836746","https://openalex.org/W2966038277","https://openalex.org/W2996956941","https://openalex.org/W3201161944","https://openalex.org/W4210404451","https://openalex.org/W6752188390"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2377549781","https://openalex.org/W1823550417","https://openalex.org/W2116696588","https://openalex.org/W2316916974","https://openalex.org/W2147186021","https://openalex.org/W2392650089","https://openalex.org/W4321843682","https://openalex.org/W2073623634","https://openalex.org/W4200390541","https://openalex.org/W2151541251"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Orthogonal":[0],"chirp":[1],"division":[2],"multiplexing":[3],"(OCDM)":[4],"offers":[5],"a":[6,63,85],"promising":[7],"modulation":[8],"technology":[9],"for":[10,41],"shallow":[11,45,185],"water":[12,46,186],"underwater":[13],"acoustic":[14],"(UWA)":[15],"communication":[16,60,73],"systems":[17],"due":[18],"to":[19,66,93,137,147,172],"multipath":[20,190],"fading":[21],"resistance":[22],"and":[23,32,43,161,192],"Doppler":[24],"resistance.":[25],"To":[26],"handle":[27],"the":[28,59,68,78,94,100,109,115,119,125,138,145,162,175],"various":[29],"channel":[30,36,80,116],"distortions":[31],"interferences,":[33],"obtaining":[34],"accurate":[35],"state":[37],"information":[38],"is":[39,82,90,131,166,178,181],"vital":[40],"robust":[42],"efficient":[44],"UWA":[47,187],"communication.":[48],"In":[49,75],"recent":[50],"years,":[51],"deep":[52,110],"learning":[53],"has":[54],"attracted":[55],"widespread":[56],"attention":[57],"in":[58,99,141,184],"field,":[61],"providing":[62],"new":[64],"way":[65],"improve":[67,114],"performance":[69,126,157],"of":[70,102,127],"physical":[71],"layer":[72],"systems.":[74],"this":[76],"paper,":[77],"pilot-based":[79],"estimation":[81],"transformed":[83],"into":[84],"matrix":[86],"completion":[87],"problem,":[88],"which":[89,180],"mathematically":[91],"equivalent":[92],"image":[95,103],"super-resolution":[96],"problem":[97],"arising":[98],"field":[101],"processing.":[104],"Simulation":[105],"results":[106],"show":[107],"that":[108],"learning-based":[111],"method":[112,140],"can":[113],"distortion,":[117],"outperforming":[118],"equalization":[120],"performed":[121],"by":[122,133,168],"traditional":[123],"estimator,":[124],"Bit":[128],"Error":[129],"Rate":[130],"improved":[132],"2.5":[134],"dB":[135,149],"compared":[136,171],"MMSE":[139],"OCDM":[142],"system.":[143],"At":[144],"7.5":[146],"20":[148],"region,":[150],"it":[151],"achieves":[152],"better":[153],"bit":[154,163],"error":[155,164],"rate":[156,165],"than":[158],"OFDM":[159,173],"systems,":[160],"reduced":[167],"approximately":[169],"53%":[170],"when":[174],"SNR":[176],"value":[177],"20,":[179],"very":[182],"useful":[183],"channels":[188],"with":[189],"extension":[191],"severe":[193],"time-varying":[194],"characteristics.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
