{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4395110939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092715","title":"Design and Experiment of an Unoccupied Control System for a Tracked Grain Vehicle","display_name":"Design and Experiment of an Unoccupied Control System for a Tracked Grain Vehicle","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4395110939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092715","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38732820"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24092715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092715","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023225646","display_name":"Jiahui Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7576-6743"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiahui Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004039190","display_name":"Lizhang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9996-9919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lizhang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016586483","display_name":"En Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7194-6894"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"En Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072095711","display_name":"Buwang Dai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Buwang Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048074171","display_name":"Tiaotiao Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiaotiao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104101874","display_name":"Weiming Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiming Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067255992","display_name":"Zhihong Cui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihong Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082398400","display_name":"Jinpeng Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinpeng Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023225646"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.5934,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89126452,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"9","first_page":"2715","last_page":"2715"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12201","display_name":"Agricultural Engineering and Mechanization","score":0.9646000266075134,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11615","display_name":"Control and Dynamics of Mobile Robots","score":0.9196000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chassis","display_name":"Chassis","score":0.8317645788192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.5260802507400513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.5140286684036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-control","display_name":"Automatic control","score":0.5114926099777222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.4416661858558655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4298297166824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4100393056869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3967515826225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3345333933830261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.14438605308532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.0927685797214508}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512993513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068107","display_name":"Chassis","level":2,"score":0.8317645788192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.5260802507400513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.5140286684036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167123822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automatic control","level":2,"score":0.5114926099777222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4416661858558655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4298297166824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4100393056869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3967515826225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3345333933830261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.14438605308532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0927685797214508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24092715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38732820","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38732820","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11086067","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11086067","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fd6edf07a17e49b6a18f4f75890313d1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fd6edf07a17e49b6a18f4f75890313d1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 9, p 2715 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24092715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W651264191","https://openalex.org/W2757044669","https://openalex.org/W3005318479","https://openalex.org/W3123846747","https://openalex.org/W4210838527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2615607975","https://openalex.org/W2100538105","https://openalex.org/W2360866470","https://openalex.org/W2389428599","https://openalex.org/W2192101006","https://openalex.org/W2393037627","https://openalex.org/W2392982904","https://openalex.org/W2116800748","https://openalex.org/W2638730922","https://openalex.org/W2000675896"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"order":[1],"to":[2,79],"enhance":[3],"crop":[4],"harvesting":[5],"efficiency,":[6],"an":[7,53,118],"automatic-driving":[8],"tracked":[9,27,86,95,176],"grain":[10,28,39,70,87,96,120,127,131,141,177],"vehicle":[11,29,97],"system":[12,56,123,166],"was":[13,98],"designed.":[14],"Based":[15],"on":[16,139],"the":[17,22,44,50,59,65,81,85,90,94,149,156,159,163,168,175],"harvester":[18],"chassis,":[19],"we":[20,48,116,136],"designed":[21,99,117],"mechanical":[23],"structure":[24],"of":[25,34,52,64,84,93,126,158,174],"a":[26,31,38,75],"with":[30,124],"loading":[32],"capacity":[33],"4.5":[35],"m<sup>3</sup>":[36],"and":[37,61,69,89,104,112,130,144,162],"unloading":[40,71,121,132,142,165],"hydraulic":[41,46],"system.":[42],"Using":[43],"BODAS":[45],"controller,":[47],"implemented":[49],"design":[51],"electronic":[54],"control":[55,103,122,143,147,161],"that":[57,154],"combines":[58],"manual":[60],"automatic":[62,119,140,145,164],"operation":[63],"chassis":[66],"walking":[67],"mechanism":[68],"mechanism.":[72],"We":[73],"utilized":[74],"hybrid":[76],"A*":[77],"algorithm":[78],"plan":[80],"traveling":[82],"path":[83],"vehicle,":[88],"path-tracking":[91,160],"controller":[92],"by":[100],"combining":[101],"fuzzy":[102],"pure":[105],"pursuit":[106],"algorithms.":[107],"Leveraging":[108],"binocular":[109],"vision":[110],"technology":[111],"semantic":[113],"segmentation":[114],"technology,":[115],"functions":[125],"tank":[128],"recognition":[129],"regulation":[133],"control.":[134],"Finally,":[135],"conducted":[137],"experiments":[138],"navigation":[146],"in":[148],"field.":[150],"The":[151],"results":[152],"showed":[153],"both":[155],"precision":[157],"meet":[167],"requirements":[169],"for":[170],"practical":[171],"unoccupied":[172],"operations":[173],"vehicle.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-12-26T23:08:49.675405","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
