{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392986349","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24061985","title":"A Novel Machine Learning-Based ANFIS Calibrated RISS/GNSS Integration for Improved Navigation in Urban Environments","display_name":"A Novel Machine Learning-Based ANFIS Calibrated RISS/GNSS Integration for Improved Navigation in Urban Environments","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392986349","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24061985","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38544248"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24061985","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24061985","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/6/1985/pdf?version=1710943538","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/6/1985/pdf?version=1710943538","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023329643","display_name":"Ahmed E. Mahdi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-3608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100308","display_name":"Military Technical College","ror":"https://ror.org/01337pb37","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100308"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed E. Mahdi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Branch, Military Technical College (MTC), Cairo 11766, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-3608","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Branch, Military Technical College (MTC), Cairo 11766, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100308"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049345825","display_name":"Ahmed Azouz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-6611"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100308","display_name":"Military Technical College","ror":"https://ror.org/01337pb37","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100308"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Azouz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Branch, Military Technical College (MTC), Cairo 11766, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-6611","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Branch, Military Technical College (MTC), Cairo 11766, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100308"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091253792","display_name":"Aboelmagd Noureldin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6614-7783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51768193","display_name":"Royal Military College of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/04yr71909","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51768193"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aboelmagd Noureldin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada (RMCC), Kingston, ON K7K 7B4, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6614-7783","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada (RMCC), Kingston, ON K7K 7B4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51768193"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042783742","display_name":"Ashraf Abosekeen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6319-2877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100308","display_name":"Military Technical College","ror":"https://ror.org/01337pb37","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100308"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ashraf Abosekeen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Branch, Military Technical College (MTC), Cairo 11766, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6319-2877","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Branch, Military Technical College (MTC), Cairo 11766, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100308"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042783742"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100308"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":11.7002,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97734198,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"6","first_page":"1985","last_page":"1985"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.9198759198188782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5807700753211975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-navigation-system","display_name":"Inertial navigation system","score":0.5766202211380005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-system","display_name":"Satellite system","score":0.5316368341445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/navigation-system","display_name":"Navigation system","score":0.4963591694831848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-neuro-fuzzy-inference-system","display_name":"Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system","score":0.4823741018772125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-augmentation","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","score":0.46200889348983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.44294261932373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-navigation","display_name":"Air navigation","score":0.42598575353622437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glonass","display_name":"GLONASS","score":0.4238145351409912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.398467481136322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3723788261413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24444562196731567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.18522575497627258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1363794207572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-control-system","display_name":"Fuzzy control system","score":0.11751687526702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.08114221692085266}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.9198759198188782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5807700753211975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128651787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570607","display_name":"Inertial navigation system","level":3,"score":0.5766202211380005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.5316368341445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777891301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3475123","display_name":"Navigation system","level":2,"score":0.4963591694831848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186108316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352530","display_name":"Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system","level":4,"score":0.4823741018772125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166212672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165162","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","level":4,"score":0.46200889348983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.44294261932373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504623915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427822","display_name":"Air navigation","level":3,"score":0.42598575353622437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102451475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486250","display_name":"GLONASS","level":4,"score":0.4238145351409912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.398467481136322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3723788261413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24444562196731567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.18522575497627258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1363794207572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195975749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475705","display_name":"Fuzzy control system","level":3,"score":0.11751687526702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.08114221692085266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173386949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192735","display_name":"Inertial frame of reference","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24061985","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24061985","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/6/1985/pdf?version=1710943538","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38544248","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38544248","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10974180","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10974180","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9c02bbc26b41479890614e7ef826251b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9c02bbc26b41479890614e7ef826251b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 6, p 1985 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/24/6/1985/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24061985","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24061985","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24061985","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/6/1985/pdf?version=1710943538","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392986349.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W952876347","https://openalex.org/W1519791567","https://openalex.org/W1558470758","https://openalex.org/W1975736790","https://openalex.org/W2010610918","https://openalex.org/W2019207321","https://openalex.org/W2056698770","https://openalex.org/W2102664783","https://openalex.org/W2124925800","https://openalex.org/W2158808323","https://openalex.org/W2163624649","https://openalex.org/W2292388967","https://openalex.org/W2296816139","https://openalex.org/W2316291860","https://openalex.org/W2514447793","https://openalex.org/W2586283453","https://openalex.org/W2805452940","https://openalex.org/W2945065450","https://openalex.org/W2945760909","https://openalex.org/W2945856812","https://openalex.org/W3008363920","https://openalex.org/W3010798980","https://openalex.org/W3012023943","https://openalex.org/W3025490466","https://openalex.org/W3036812332","https://openalex.org/W3082230416","https://openalex.org/W3142424476","https://openalex.org/W3165471237","https://openalex.org/W3170674928","https://openalex.org/W3175152235","https://openalex.org/W3181051035","https://openalex.org/W3184645872","https://openalex.org/W3191249473","https://openalex.org/W3197867394","https://openalex.org/W3212137301","https://openalex.org/W3214579451","https://openalex.org/W4200020415","https://openalex.org/W4206950540","https://openalex.org/W4212959347","https://openalex.org/W4214713171","https://openalex.org/W4225124576","https://openalex.org/W4281647217","https://openalex.org/W4281789249","https://openalex.org/W4319160361","https://openalex.org/W4327808455","https://openalex.org/W4362474933","https://openalex.org/W4379113531","https://openalex.org/W4380538284","https://openalex.org/W4382982090","https://openalex.org/W4385519360","https://openalex.org/W4386850196","https://openalex.org/W6773994143","https://openalex.org/W6803750307"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039477464","https://openalex.org/W1492514858","https://openalex.org/W4233201170","https://openalex.org/W2917833516","https://openalex.org/W2296074696","https://openalex.org/W2525440477","https://openalex.org/W3104880495","https://openalex.org/W3103057830","https://openalex.org/W1507168133","https://openalex.org/W3205180365"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Autonomous":[0],"vehicles":[1],"(AVs)":[2],"require":[3],"accurate":[4],"navigation,":[5],"but":[6],"the":[7,61,66,84,127,131,159,162,188,211],"reliability":[8,64],"of":[9,65,83,121,146,187,229],"Global":[10],"Navigation":[11],"Satellite":[12],"Systems":[13],"(GNSS)":[14],"can":[15],"be":[16],"degraded":[17],"by":[18,90],"signal":[19],"blockage":[20],"and":[21,63,97,123,130,148,161,181,202],"multipath":[22],"interference":[23],"in":[24,78,113,150,173,210],"urban":[25],"areas.":[26],"Therefore,":[27],"a":[28,33,47,55,73,110,226],"navigation":[29,76,140,165,196],"system":[30,45,190,213],"that":[31],"integrates":[32],"calibrated":[34],"Reduced":[35],"Inertial":[36],"Sensors":[37],"System":[38,52],"(RISS)":[39],"with":[40],"GNSS":[41,99],"is":[42,155,177,214],"proposed.":[43],"The":[44,68,81,107,184,206],"employs":[46],"machine-learning-based":[48],"Adaptive":[49],"Neuro-Fuzzy":[50],"Inference":[51],"(ANFIS)":[53],"as":[54],"novel":[56],"calibration":[57],"technique":[58],"to":[59,104,126,158,216],"improve":[60],"accuracy":[62],"RISS.":[67],"ANFIS-based":[69,207],"RISS/GNSS":[70,129,160],"integration":[71,86],"provides":[72],"more":[74],"precise":[75,203],"solution":[77],"such":[79],"environments.":[80],"effectiveness":[82],"proposed":[85,189,212],"scheme":[87],"was":[88],"validated":[89],"conducting":[91],"tests":[92],"using":[93],"real":[94],"road":[95],"trajectory":[96],"simulated":[98],"outages":[100],"ranging":[101],"from":[102],"50":[103],"150":[105],"s.":[106],"results":[108,169],"demonstrate":[109],"significant":[111,171],"improvement":[112,145],"2D":[114,151],"position":[115,152],"Root":[116],"Mean":[117],"Square":[118],"Error":[119],"(RMSE)":[120],"43.8%":[122],"28%":[124],"compared":[125,157],"traditional":[128],"frequency":[132],"modulated":[133],"continuous":[134,201],"wave":[135],"(FMCW)":[136],"Radar":[137],"(Rad)/RISS/GNSS":[138],"integrated":[139,164],"systems,":[141,166],"respectively.":[142,167],"Moreover,":[143],"an":[144,222],"47.5%":[147],"23.4%":[149],"maximum":[153],"errors":[154],"achieved":[156],"Rad/RISS/GNSS":[163],"These":[168],"reveal":[170],"improvements":[172],"positioning":[174,204],"accuracy,":[175],"which":[176],"essential":[178],"for":[179,194,225],"safe":[180],"efficient":[182],"navigation.":[183],"long-term":[185],"stability":[186],"makes":[191],"it":[192,221],"suitable":[193],"various":[195],"applications,":[197],"particularly":[198],"those":[199],"requiring":[200],"information.":[205],"approach":[208],"used":[209],"extendable":[215],"other":[217],"low-end":[218],"IMUs,":[219],"making":[220],"attractive":[223],"option":[224],"wide":[227],"range":[228],"applications.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
