{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392374375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051656","title":"Novel Approach to Phase-Sensitive Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry Response Analysis with Machine Learning Methods","display_name":"Novel Approach to Phase-Sensitive Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry Response Analysis with Machine Learning Methods","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392374375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051656","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38475192"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24051656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051656","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/5/1656/pdf?version=1709531832","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/5/1656/pdf?version=1709531832","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023921970","display_name":"Vasily A. Yatseev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4666-098X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152187","display_name":"Institute of Radio-Engineering and Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbyky62","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210096333","https://openalex.org/I4210152187"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vasily A. Yatseev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Science, 125009 Moscow, Russia","Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Science, 125009 Moscow, Russia;"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4666-098X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Science, 125009 Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152187"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Science, 125009 Moscow, Russia;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152187"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004360108","display_name":"Oleg V. Butov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5464-4034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177537411","display_name":"Bauman Moscow State Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00pb8h375","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177537411"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152187","display_name":"Institute of Radio-Engineering and Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbyky62","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210096333","https://openalex.org/I4210152187"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oleg V. Butov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Science, 125009 Moscow, Russia","Scientific Educational Centre \u201cPhotonics and IR Engineering\u201d, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, Russia","Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Science, 125009 Moscow, Russia;","Scientific Educational Centre \"Photonics and IR Engineering\", Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, Russia;"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5464-4034","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Science, 125009 Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152187"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scientific Educational Centre \u201cPhotonics and IR Engineering\u201d, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177537411"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Science, 125009 Moscow, Russia;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152187"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scientific Educational Centre \"Photonics and IR Engineering\", Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, Russia;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177537411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045445187","display_name":"Alexey B. Pnev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-2796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177537411","display_name":"Bauman Moscow State Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00pb8h375","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177537411"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexey B. Pnev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scientific Educational Centre \u201cPhotonics and IR Engineering\u201d, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, Russia","Scientific Educational Centre \"Photonics and IR Engineering\", Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, Russia;"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-2796","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scientific Educational Centre \u201cPhotonics and IR Engineering\u201d, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177537411"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scientific Educational Centre \"Photonics and IR Engineering\", Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, Russia;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177537411"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023921970"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152187"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.6923,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.673239,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"5","first_page":"1656","last_page":"1656"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11569","display_name":"Optical Coherence Tomography Applications","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10988","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectometry","display_name":"Reflectometry","score":0.9114682674407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5867180228233337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.5729577541351318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5096735954284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metrology","display_name":"Metrology","score":0.5062874555587769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-domain","display_name":"Time domain","score":0.5031489729881287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-scattering","display_name":"Rayleigh scattering","score":0.5026276111602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.4694259762763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-time-domain-reflectometer","display_name":"Optical time-domain reflectometer","score":0.4661496877670288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.44423747062683105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-time","display_name":"Response time","score":0.4361571669578552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4202338457107544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-optic-sensor","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","score":0.3680112361907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3598569929599762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3329845070838928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19970840215682983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1833275854587555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization-maintaining-optical-fiber","display_name":"Polarization-maintaining optical fiber","score":0.1295957863330841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09903094172477722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.08454042673110962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778925768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454718","display_name":"Reflectometry","level":3,"score":0.9114682674407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5867180228233337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.5729577541351318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5096735954284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195766429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q394","display_name":"Metrology","level":2,"score":0.5062874555587769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.5031489729881287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46244369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193709","display_name":"Rayleigh scattering","level":2,"score":0.5026276111602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4694259762763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187327482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580729","display_name":"Optical time-domain reflectometer","level":5,"score":0.4661496877670288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.44423747062683105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19012869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578372","display_name":"Response time","level":2,"score":0.4361571669578552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4202338457107544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21651689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397427","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","level":3,"score":0.3680112361907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3598569929599762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3329845070838928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19970840215682983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1833275854587555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45747243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7209154","display_name":"Polarization-maintaining optical fiber","level":4,"score":0.1295957863330841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09903094172477722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.08454042673110962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24051656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051656","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/5/1656/pdf?version=1709531832","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38475192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38475192","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10933986","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10933986","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10933986/pdf/sensors-24-01656.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ee9315be4f954f688008436ac36dd2d5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ee9315be4f954f688008436ac36dd2d5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 5, p 1656 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24051656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051656","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/5/1656/pdf?version=1709531832","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392374375.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1599594741","https://openalex.org/W2064013146","https://openalex.org/W2092158016","https://openalex.org/W2120941781","https://openalex.org/W2140637004","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2293808932","https://openalex.org/W2590958732","https://openalex.org/W2777683999","https://openalex.org/W2797490064","https://openalex.org/W2890608288","https://openalex.org/W2900907067","https://openalex.org/W2940864335","https://openalex.org/W2953510550","https://openalex.org/W2966209250","https://openalex.org/W2979823039","https://openalex.org/W3025633522","https://openalex.org/W3049216616","https://openalex.org/W3049592252","https://openalex.org/W3086703177","https://openalex.org/W3092063128","https://openalex.org/W3105048860","https://openalex.org/W3123671706","https://openalex.org/W3207022548","https://openalex.org/W4210684190","https://openalex.org/W4226339904","https://openalex.org/W4316511257","https://openalex.org/W4321382057","https://openalex.org/W4377082670","https://openalex.org/W4386124363","https://openalex.org/W4386223475"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984839520","https://openalex.org/W1991582536","https://openalex.org/W113911013","https://openalex.org/W2051085743","https://openalex.org/W2326862673","https://openalex.org/W2046626354","https://openalex.org/W1999497846","https://openalex.org/W1675046946","https://openalex.org/W162970852","https://openalex.org/W1464877452"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,87],"paper":[1,88],"is":[2],"dedicated":[3],"to":[4,83],"the":[5,8,22,35,75,104,119],"investigation":[6],"of":[7,11,24,38,93,132],"metrological":[9],"properties":[10],"phase-sensitive":[12],"reflectometric":[13],"measurement":[14],"systems,":[15],"with":[16,34],"a":[17,47,81,91],"particular":[18],"focus":[19],"on":[20],"addressing":[21],"non-uniformity":[23,52,128],"responses":[25],"along":[26,129],"optical":[27,133],"fibers.":[28,134],"The":[29,66],"authors":[30],"highlight":[31],"challenges":[32],"associated":[33],"stochastic":[36],"distribution":[37],"Rayleigh":[39],"reflectors":[40],"in":[41,111],"fiber":[42],"optic":[43],"systems":[44],"and":[45,57,79,98],"propose":[46],"methodology":[48,124],"for":[49],"assessing":[50],"response":[51,85,127],"using":[53,61],"both":[54],"cross-correlation":[55,97],"algorithms":[56],"machine":[58],"learning":[59],"approaches,":[60],"chirped-reflectometry":[62],"as":[63],"an":[64],"example.":[65],"experimental":[67],"process":[68],"involves":[69],"simulating":[70],"deformation":[71],"impact":[72],"by":[73],"altering":[74],"light":[76],"source's":[77],"wavelength":[78],"utilizing":[80],"chirped-reflectometer":[82],"estimate":[84],"non-uniformity.":[86],"also":[89],"includes":[90],"comparison":[92],"results":[94],"obtained":[95],"from":[96],"neural":[99],"network-based":[100],"algorithms,":[101],"revealing":[102],"that":[103],"latter":[105],"offers":[106],"more":[107],"than":[108],"34%":[109],"improvement":[110],"accuracy":[112],"when":[113],"measuring":[114],"phase":[115],"differences.":[116],"In":[117],"conclusion,":[118],"study":[120],"demonstrates":[121],"how":[122],"this":[123],"effectively":[125],"evaluates":[126],"different":[130],"sections":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}