{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392238429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051543","title":"Extraction of Lilium davidii var. unicolor Planting Information Based on Deep Learning and Multi-Source Data","display_name":"Extraction of Lilium davidii var. unicolor Planting Information Based on Deep Learning and Multi-Source Data","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392238429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051543","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38475077"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24051543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051543","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/5/1543/pdf?version=1709169075","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/5/1543/pdf?version=1709169075","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100927934","display_name":"Yinfang Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68986083","display_name":"Northwest Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gx3j908","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yinfang Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China","Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Lanzhou 730070, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Lanzhou 730070, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046845324","display_name":"Puhan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7229-9409"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68986083","display_name":"Northwest Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gx3j908","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Puhan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China","Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Lanzhou 730070, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Lanzhou 730070, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089827549","display_name":"Zhaoyang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1141-0342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68986083","display_name":"Northwest Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gx3j908","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China","Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Lanzhou 730070, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1141-0342","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Lanzhou 730070, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100927934"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.7361,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71773978,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"5","first_page":"1543","last_page":"1543"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14365","display_name":"Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6120182275772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.5861173272132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5795711874961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sowing","display_name":"Sowing","score":0.5492019653320312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.5086389780044556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4835367202758789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4809688627719879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.47520098090171814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.4574126899242401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.42752742767333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3945271372795105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.32854753732681274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.1664505898952484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.08311647176742554}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6120182275772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.5861173272132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5795711874961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.5492019653320312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.5086389780044556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4835367202758789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4809688627719879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.47520098090171814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.4574126899242401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.42752742767333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3945271372795105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.32854753732681274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.1664505898952484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.08311647176742554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24051543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051543","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/5/1543/pdf?version=1709169075","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38475077","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38475077","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10934917","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10934917","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10934917/pdf/sensors-24-01543.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e8803c07d9784e8085e7ccfd171affbb","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e8803c07d9784e8085e7ccfd171affbb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 5, p 1543 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24051543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051543","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/5/1543/pdf?version=1709169075","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1532325383","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42101276","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3266863553","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42161072","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312274","funder_display_name":"Northwest Normal University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3414974160","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NWNU-LKQN2022-12","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312274","funder_display_name":"Northwest Normal University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4349575413","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42161072","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6349268853","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NWNU-LKQN2022\u201312","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312274","funder_display_name":"Northwest Normal University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7670820003","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42101276","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312274","funder_display_name":"Northwest Normal University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8771011119","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NWNU-LKQN2022\u201312","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312274","display_name":"Northwest Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gx3j908"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392238429.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1545302199","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2201441719","https://openalex.org/W2912888359","https://openalex.org/W3086007433","https://openalex.org/W3093828716","https://openalex.org/W3097706287","https://openalex.org/W3119287220","https://openalex.org/W3119804057","https://openalex.org/W3127060672","https://openalex.org/W3130178720","https://openalex.org/W3163456103","https://openalex.org/W3204460286","https://openalex.org/W4206830941","https://openalex.org/W4213255547","https://openalex.org/W4282575352","https://openalex.org/W4286203443","https://openalex.org/W4303574953","https://openalex.org/W4313502625","https://openalex.org/W4366773284","https://openalex.org/W4367300826","https://openalex.org/W4382519925","https://openalex.org/W6790773942","https://openalex.org/W6807266516","https://openalex.org/W6839992966"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2382423801","https://openalex.org/W2361404876","https://openalex.org/W2372348061","https://openalex.org/W2351979363","https://openalex.org/W4388745254","https://openalex.org/W2980082554","https://openalex.org/W1517228774","https://openalex.org/W2767419625","https://openalex.org/W2389704471","https://openalex.org/W2117019857"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"extraction":[1],"of":[2,9,57,78,114,124,132,142,187],"crop":[3],"acreage":[4],"is":[5,43,67,120,152],"an":[6,135],"important":[7],"element":[8],"digital":[10],"agriculture.":[11],"This":[12],"study":[13],"uses":[14],"Sentinel-2A,":[15],"Sentinel-1,":[16],"and":[17,37,60,75,85,139,144,155,161,182,184,195],"DEM":[18],"as":[19,170],"data":[20,188],"sources":[21],"to":[22,48,69,102],"construct":[23],"a":[24,159,171,185],"multidimensional":[25],"feature":[26,46,52,118],"dataset":[27,119],"encompassing":[28],"spectral":[29],"features,":[30,34,36],"vegetation":[31],"index,":[32],"texture":[33],"terrain":[35,98],"radar":[38],"features.":[39],"The":[40,94,122,147,165],"Relief-F":[41],"algorithm":[42],"applied":[44],"for":[45,175,189],"selection":[47],"identify":[49,70],"the":[50,55,61,107,112,117,125],"optimal":[51],"dataset.":[53],"And":[54],"combination":[56],"deep":[58,126],"learning":[59,127],"random":[62],"forest":[63],"(RF)":[64],"classification":[65,109,128,137],"method":[66,129],"utilized":[68],"lilies":[71],"in":[72,91,116],"Qilihe":[73],"District":[74],"Yuzhong":[76],"County":[77],"Lanzhou":[79,148,176],"City,":[80],"obtain":[81],"their":[82,87],"planting":[83,150,179],"structure,":[84],"analyze":[86],"spatial":[88],"distribution":[89,163],"characteristics":[90],"Gansu":[92],"Province.":[93],"findings":[95,167],"indicate":[96],"that":[97,131],"features":[99,115],"significantly":[100],"contribute":[101],"ground":[103],"object":[104],"classification,":[105],"with":[106,134],"highest":[108],"accuracy":[110,138],"when":[111],"number":[113],"36.":[121],"precision":[123],"exceeds":[130],"RF,":[133],"overall":[136],"kappa":[140],"coefficient":[141],"95.9%":[143],"0.934,":[145],"respectively.":[146],"lily":[149,178,191],"area":[151],"137.24":[153],"km2,":[154],"it":[156],"primarily":[157],"presents":[158],"concentrated":[160],"contiguous":[162],"feature.":[164],"study\u2019s":[166],"can":[168],"serve":[169],"solid":[172],"scientific":[173],"foundation":[174],"City\u2019s":[177],"structure":[180],"adjustment":[181],"optimization":[183],"basis":[186],"local":[190],"yield":[192],"forecasting,":[193],"development,":[194],"application.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2024-03-05T00:00:00"}