{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391691672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24041130","title":"Duplex-Hierarchy Representation Learning for Remote Sensing Image Classification","display_name":"Duplex-Hierarchy Representation Learning for Remote Sensing Image Classification","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391691672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24041130","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38400288"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24041130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24041130","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/4/1130/pdf?version=1707445251","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/4/1130/pdf?version=1707445251","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041793664","display_name":"Xiao\u2010bing Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1632-8460"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144662","display_name":"Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/0444j5556","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210144662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaobin Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","The Xi\u2019an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710119, China","The School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","The Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Xi\u2019an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi\u2019an 710119, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144662","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144662","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110756607","display_name":"Jingping Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingping Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","The School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100605732","display_name":"Hao Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1890-5651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hao Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","National Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","National Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090545765","display_name":"Shengjun Peng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163738","display_name":"China Astronaut Research and Training Center","ror":"https://ror.org/001ycj259","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163738"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengjun Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["The State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics, China Xi\u2019an Satellite Control Center, Xi\u2019an 710043, China","The State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics, China Xi'an Satellite Control Center, Xi'an 710043, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics, China Xi\u2019an Satellite Control Center, Xi\u2019an 710043, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163738"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics, China Xi'an Satellite Control Center, Xi'an 710043, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100432950","display_name":"Weidong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3216-6413"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weidong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["PLA 63768, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","PLA 63768, Xi'an 710600, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PLA 63768, Xi\u2019an 710600, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"PLA 63768, Xi'an 710600, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100763815","display_name":"Xiaobin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1099-6046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaobin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Beijing Institute of Remote Sensing Information, Beijing 100192, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Beijing Institute of Remote Sensing Information, Beijing 100192, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100605732"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.4709,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8320657,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"4","first_page":"1130","last_page":"1130"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.8554527759552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7006946206092834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6937992572784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5810354351997375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5560716390609741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.4903867244720459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4859715700149536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.4603097438812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class-hierarchy","display_name":"Class hierarchy","score":0.442771315574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.4365249276161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-learning","display_name":"Feature learning","score":0.43158841133117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3879622519016266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.31230077147483826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.8554527759552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7006946206092834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6937992572784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5810354351997375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5560716390609741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.4903867244720459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4859715700149536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.4603097438812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781289151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2903989","display_name":"Class hierarchy","level":3,"score":0.442771315574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.4365249276161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.43158841133117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3879622519016266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.31230077147483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73752529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79872","display_name":"Object-oriented programming","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24041130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24041130","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/4/1130/pdf?version=1707445251","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38400288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38400288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10892595","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10892595","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10892595/pdf/sensors-24-01130.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:42d087a073894dd9a5c68a9300d874aa","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/42d087a073894dd9a5c68a9300d874aa","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 4, p 1130 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.opt.ac.cn:181661/97248","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://ir.opt.ac.cn/handle/181661/97248","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196962","display_name":"Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210144662","host_organization_name":"Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144662"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"\u671f\u520a\u8bba\u6587"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24041130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24041130","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/4/1130/pdf?version=1707445251","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391691672.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391691672.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1566135517","https://openalex.org/W1606858007","https://openalex.org/W1912954554","https://openalex.org/W1980038761","https://openalex.org/W1984309565","https://openalex.org/W2024106491","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2078478672","https://openalex.org/W2098676252","https://openalex.org/W2149980531","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2160921898","https://openalex.org/W2160966992","https://openalex.org/W2162915993","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2291068538","https://openalex.org/W2515866431","https://openalex.org/W2538244214","https://openalex.org/W2570214200","https://openalex.org/W2592962403","https://openalex.org/W2605516844","https://openalex.org/W2622826443","https://openalex.org/W2715220489","https://openalex.org/W2744582969","https://openalex.org/W2770233088","https://openalex.org/W2890732922","https://openalex.org/W2899198451","https://openalex.org/W2912089046","https://openalex.org/W2914885528","https://openalex.org/W2919352650","https://openalex.org/W2940939359","https://openalex.org/W2948329096","https://openalex.org/W2962217138","https://openalex.org/W2974770574","https://openalex.org/W3004916592","https://openalex.org/W3007398051","https://openalex.org/W3019448917","https://openalex.org/W3095319281","https://openalex.org/W3103410140","https://openalex.org/W3105577662","https://openalex.org/W4285207072","https://openalex.org/W4289792714","https://openalex.org/W4384521492","https://openalex.org/W6683411478","https://openalex.org/W6683799028","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6687483927","https://openalex.org/W6713134421","https://openalex.org/W6839128155","https://openalex.org/W6854327643"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2079027950","https://openalex.org/W2952361316","https://openalex.org/W3208297503","https://openalex.org/W2889153461","https://openalex.org/W3119773509","https://openalex.org/W2761785940","https://openalex.org/W2357813254","https://openalex.org/W2964117661","https://openalex.org/W4388405611","https://openalex.org/W2619127353"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Remote":[0],"sensing":[1,66,227],"image":[2,228],"classification":[3,197],"(RSIC)":[4],"is":[5,16,83,177,191,216,236],"designed":[6],"to":[7,12,90,102,122,161,179,195,218],"assign":[8],"specific":[9],"semantic":[10],"labels":[11],"aerial":[13],"images,":[14,168],"which":[15],"significant":[17],"and":[18,59,98,139,150,169,193],"fundamental":[19],"in":[20,55,64,173],"many":[21],"applications.":[22],"In":[23],"recent":[24],"years,":[25],"substantial":[26],"work":[27],"has":[28],"been":[29],"conducted":[30],"on":[31,223],"RSIC":[32],"with":[33],"the":[34,47,51,56,129,133,147,152,156,163,166,170,174,182,196,201,213,219,233],"help":[35],"of":[36,49,53,113,165,184],"deep":[37],"learning":[38,80,183,204],"models.":[39],"Even":[40],"though":[41],"these":[42,75],"models":[43],"have":[44],"greatly":[45],"enhanced":[46],"performance":[48],"RSIC,":[50],"issues":[52],"diversity":[54],"same":[57],"class":[58],"similarity":[60],"between":[61],"different":[62],"classes":[63],"remote":[65,226],"images":[67,119],"remain":[68],"huge":[69],"challenges":[70],"for":[71,106,127,145,199],"RSIC.":[72,107],"To":[73],"solve":[74],"problems,":[76],"a":[77,95,99,123,142,188],"duplex-hierarchy":[78,92],"representation":[79,203],"(DHRL)":[81],"method":[82,88,111,215,235],"proposed.":[84],"The":[85,108,207],"proposed":[86,109,214,234],"DHRL":[87,110],"aims":[89],"explore":[91],"spaces,":[93],"including":[94],"common":[96,143],"space":[97,144,176],"label":[100,175],"space,":[101],"learn":[103],"discriminative":[104,185,202],"representations":[105,158],"consists":[112],"three":[114],"main":[115],"steps:":[116],"First,":[117],"paired":[118],"are":[120,136,159],"fed":[121],"pretrained":[124],"ResNet":[125],"network":[126],"extracting":[128],"corresponding":[130],"features.":[131],"Second,":[132],"extracted":[134],"features":[135],"further":[137,180],"explored":[138],"mapped":[140],"into":[141],"reducing":[146],"intra-class":[148],"scatter":[149],"enlarging":[151],"inter-class":[153],"separation.":[154],"Third,":[155],"obtained":[157],"used":[160],"predict":[162],"categories":[164],"input":[167],"discrimination":[171],"loss":[172,198],"minimized":[178],"promote":[181],"representations.":[186],"Meanwhile,":[187],"confusion":[189],"score":[190],"computed":[192],"added":[194],"guiding":[200],"via":[205],"backpropagation.":[206],"comprehensive":[208],"experimental":[209],"results":[210],"show":[211],"that":[212,232],"superior":[217],"existing":[220],"state-of-the-art":[221],"methods":[222],"two":[224],"challenging":[225],"scene":[229],"datasets,":[230],"demonstrating":[231],"significantly":[237],"effective.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}