{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391100539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020669","title":"Extrinsic Calibration of Thermal Camera and 3D LiDAR Sensor via Human Matching in Both Modalities during Sensor Setup Movement","display_name":"Extrinsic Calibration of Thermal Camera and 3D LiDAR Sensor via Human Matching in Both Modalities during Sensor Setup Movement","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391100539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020669","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38276361"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24020669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020669","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/669/pdf?version=1705903811","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/669/pdf?version=1705903811","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002647088","display_name":"Farhad Dalirani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farhad Dalirani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059318314","display_name":"Mahmoud R. El-Sakka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7877-8280"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud R. El-Sakka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059318314"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":5.2001,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94487296,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"2","first_page":"669","last_page":"669"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.7556401491165161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7246484160423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6253284215927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"Adaptability","score":0.6125575304031372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6016116142272949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.5471680164337158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.5352621078491211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.48236149549484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.46861085295677185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.4670409560203552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.36818206310272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09955266118049622}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.7556401491165161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7246484160423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6253284215927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.6125575304031372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6016116142272949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.5471680164337158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.5352621078491211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.48236149549484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.46861085295677185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4670409560203552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.36818206310272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09955266118049622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000072480","descriptor_name":"Farms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000072480","descriptor_name":"Farms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000072480","descriptor_name":"Farms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000072480","descriptor_name":"Farms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000072480","descriptor_name":"Farms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24020669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020669","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/669/pdf?version=1705903811","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38276361","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38276361","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10818806","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10818806","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10818806/pdf/sensors-24-00669.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0c47c6a830794f3a82d4263442704354","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0c47c6a830794f3a82d4263442704354","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 2, p 669 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24020669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020669","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/669/pdf?version=1705903811","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391100539.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990398405","https://openalex.org/W1996757933","https://openalex.org/W1999621311","https://openalex.org/W2118104180","https://openalex.org/W2145023731","https://openalex.org/W2579142941","https://openalex.org/W2613718673","https://openalex.org/W2618113336","https://openalex.org/W2754362825","https://openalex.org/W2789621390","https://openalex.org/W2905076052","https://openalex.org/W2908175687","https://openalex.org/W2914625278","https://openalex.org/W2964162504","https://openalex.org/W2965803762","https://openalex.org/W2967090870","https://openalex.org/W3089387037","https://openalex.org/W3105392277","https://openalex.org/W3113380481","https://openalex.org/W4224949211","https://openalex.org/W4285512293","https://openalex.org/W4294643337","https://openalex.org/W4308080218","https://openalex.org/W4315778466","https://openalex.org/W4322500381","https://openalex.org/W4361274151","https://openalex.org/W4385302184","https://openalex.org/W4385357296","https://openalex.org/W4386075571","https://openalex.org/W4390874575","https://openalex.org/W6803376173"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2357124094","https://openalex.org/W2387399993","https://openalex.org/W2389739210","https://openalex.org/W2348924972","https://openalex.org/W2365736347","https://openalex.org/W2047454415","https://openalex.org/W2070040999","https://openalex.org/W4319317934","https://openalex.org/W2387293848","https://openalex.org/W2250140200"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"LiDAR":[0],"sensors,":[1],"pivotal":[2],"in":[3,35,99,109,123,152,187],"various":[4,153],"fields":[5,190],"like":[6,38,155],"agriculture":[7],"and":[8,17,40,137,176,194],"robotics":[9],"for":[10,144],"tasks":[11],"such":[12],"as":[13],"3D":[14],"object":[15],"detection":[16],"map":[18],"creation,":[19,120],"are":[20],"increasingly":[21],"coupled":[22],"with":[23],"thermal":[24],"cameras":[25],"to":[26,118],"harness":[27],"heat":[28],"information.":[29],"This":[30,113],"combination":[31],"proves":[32],"particularly":[33],"effective":[34],"adverse":[36],"conditions":[37],"darkness":[39],"rain.":[41],"Ensuring":[42],"seamless":[43],"fusion":[44,185],"between":[45],"the":[46,64,100,110,142,165,188],"sensors":[47],"necessitates":[48],"precise":[49,193],"extrinsic":[50,72,103,181],"calibration.":[51],"Our":[52,92,170],"innovative":[53],"calibration":[54,68,108,129],"method":[55,151,171],"leverages":[56],"human":[57,88],"presence":[58,167],"during":[59],"sensor":[60,132,184],"setup":[61],"movements,":[62],"eliminating":[63],"reliance":[65],"on":[66,80,192],"dedicated":[67],"targets.":[69,146],"It":[70],"optimizes":[71],"parameters":[73,104],"by":[74,140],"employing":[75],"a":[76,81,95],"novel":[77],"evolutionary":[78],"algorithm":[79],"specifically":[82],"designed":[83],"loss":[84,101],"function":[85],"that":[86],"measures":[87],"alignment":[89],"across":[90],"modalities.":[91],"approach":[93],"showcases":[94],"notable":[96],"4.43%":[97],"improvement":[98],"over":[102],"obtained":[105],"from":[106,163],"target-based":[107],"FieldSAFE":[111],"dataset.":[112],"advancement":[114],"reduces":[115],"costs":[116],"related":[117],"target":[119],"saves":[121],"time":[122],"diverse":[124],"pose":[125],"collection,":[126],"mitigates":[127],"repetitive":[128],"efforts":[130],"amid":[131],"drift":[133],"or":[134,158],"setting":[135],"changes,":[136],"broadens":[138],"accessibility":[139],"obviating":[141],"need":[143],"specific":[145],"The":[147],"adaptability":[148],"of":[149,168,180],"our":[150],"environments,":[154],"urban":[156],"streets":[157],"expansive":[159],"farm":[160],"fields,":[161],"stems":[162],"leveraging":[164],"ubiquitous":[166],"humans.":[169],"presents":[172],"an":[173],"efficient,":[174],"cost-effective,":[175],"readily":[177],"applicable":[178],"means":[179],"calibration,":[182],"enhancing":[183],"capabilities":[186],"critical":[189],"reliant":[191],"robust":[195],"data":[196],"acquisition.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}