{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390898604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020505","title":"Data-Driven Structural Health Monitoring: Leveraging Amplitude-Aware Permutation Entropy of Time Series Model Residuals for Nonlinear Damage Diagnosis","display_name":"Data-Driven Structural Health Monitoring: Leveraging Amplitude-Aware Permutation Entropy of Time Series Model Residuals for Nonlinear Damage Diagnosis","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390898604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020505","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38257598"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24020505","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020505","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/505/pdf?version=1705286613","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/505/pdf?version=1705286613","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100342918","display_name":"Xuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5727-1691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011652368","display_name":"Luyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2054-932X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022648299","display_name":"Gaoqiang Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5224-2384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaoqiang Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011652368"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.8143,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81904426,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"2","first_page":"505","last_page":"505"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-health-monitoring","display_name":"Structural health monitoring","score":0.7692371606826782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.6445998549461365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6297976970672607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoregressive-model","display_name":"Autoregressive model","score":0.6262507438659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5502300262451172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resampling","display_name":"Resampling","score":0.47871971130371094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.4632716178894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/univariate","display_name":"Univariate","score":0.44756028056144714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series","display_name":"Time series","score":0.4343971014022827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.43138909339904785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32481908798217773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.28855031728744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.2413088083267212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.2395678460597992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21180933713912964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17801618576049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.15573427081108093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-statistics","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","score":0.08498036861419678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776247918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423713","display_name":"Structural health monitoring","level":2,"score":0.7692371606826782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.6445998549461365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6297976970672607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159877910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2202883","display_name":"Autoregressive model","level":2,"score":0.6262507438659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5502300262451172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150921843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1170431","display_name":"Resampling","level":2,"score":0.47871971130371094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.4632716178894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199163554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1681619","display_name":"Univariate","level":3,"score":0.44756028056144714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.4343971014022827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.43138909339904785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32481908798217773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28855031728744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.2413088083267212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2395678460597992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21180933713912964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17801618576049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.15573427081108093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161584116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","level":2,"score":0.08498036861419678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24020505","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020505","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/505/pdf?version=1705286613","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38257598","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38257598","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10820858","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10820858","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10820858/pdf/sensors-24-00505.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9a655b1c652e4e4dbf7acb1ef4302f90","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9a655b1c652e4e4dbf7acb1ef4302f90","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 2, p 505 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24020505","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020505","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/505/pdf?version=1705286613","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6301727967","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51678116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390898604.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26354679","https://openalex.org/W1508681646","https://openalex.org/W1589046910","https://openalex.org/W1903741905","https://openalex.org/W1998774828","https://openalex.org/W2000068811","https://openalex.org/W2027456229","https://openalex.org/W2038869416","https://openalex.org/W2044990306","https://openalex.org/W2062601588","https://openalex.org/W2078305503","https://openalex.org/W2098312962","https://openalex.org/W2105720185","https://openalex.org/W2115627867","https://openalex.org/W2137669865","https://openalex.org/W2149719918","https://openalex.org/W2280719928","https://openalex.org/W2547302535","https://openalex.org/W2589866543","https://openalex.org/W2793891804","https://openalex.org/W2904868475","https://openalex.org/W2921422304","https://openalex.org/W2922594654","https://openalex.org/W2968602999","https://openalex.org/W2974596292","https://openalex.org/W2981169003","https://openalex.org/W2989630770","https://openalex.org/W3036510487","https://openalex.org/W3046426257","https://openalex.org/W3088634102","https://openalex.org/W3093015261","https://openalex.org/W3094386830","https://openalex.org/W3123570170","https://openalex.org/W3127735129","https://openalex.org/W3173033734","https://openalex.org/W3214455277","https://openalex.org/W4206637421","https://openalex.org/W4229010399","https://openalex.org/W4235292672","https://openalex.org/W4280530959","https://openalex.org/W4282597905","https://openalex.org/W4292159006","https://openalex.org/W4297110355","https://openalex.org/W4308823901","https://openalex.org/W4312210789","https://openalex.org/W4313367496","https://openalex.org/W4317565905","https://openalex.org/W4319163818","https://openalex.org/W4321376179","https://openalex.org/W4321792499","https://openalex.org/W4388923794","https://openalex.org/W6657220341"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1828158523","https://openalex.org/W2052515325","https://openalex.org/W2050948537","https://openalex.org/W2767646790","https://openalex.org/W2047547195","https://openalex.org/W204175656","https://openalex.org/W2352041579","https://openalex.org/W2045832042","https://openalex.org/W2349019353","https://openalex.org/W3134489511"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,174],"structural":[1,47],"health":[2],"monitoring":[3,219],"(SHM),":[4],"most":[5],"current":[6],"methods":[7],"and":[8,18,39,61,108,130,151,197,207],"techniques":[9],"are":[10,124,164],"based":[11,101],"on":[12,102],"the":[13,22,35,40,46,57,80,88,93,103,110,115,118,121,131,141,160,168,171,178,181,201],"assumption":[14],"of":[15,37,42,120,146,170,180],"linear":[16,19],"models":[17],"damage.":[20,143,210],"However,":[21],"damage":[23,49,70,137,193],"in":[24,87,114,187,205],"real":[25],"engineering":[26],"structures":[27],"is":[28,77,133,214],"more":[29,52],"characterized":[30],"by":[31],"nonlinear":[32,48,142],"behavior,":[33],"including":[34,91],"appearance":[36],"cracks":[38],"loosening":[41],"bolts.":[43],"To":[44],"solve":[45],"diagnosis":[50],"problem":[51],"effectively,":[53],"this":[54,212],"study":[55],"combines":[56],"autoregressive":[58],"(AR)":[59],"model":[60,76,94,111,123,150],"amplitude-aware":[62],"permutation":[63],"entropy":[64],"(AAPE)":[65],"to":[66,139,166,176,216],"propose":[67],"a":[68,97,136,147,155],"data-driven":[69],"detection":[71],"method.":[72],"First,":[73],"an":[74],"AR":[75,122],"built":[78],"for":[79],"acceleration":[81],"data":[82,153],"from":[83,154],"each":[84],"structure":[85,158],"sensor":[86,218],"baseline":[89],"state,":[90],"determining":[92],"order":[95],"using":[96],"modified":[98],"iterative":[99],"method":[100,213],"Bayesian":[104],"information":[105],"criterion":[106],"(BIC)":[107],"calculating":[109],"coefficients.":[112],"Subsequently,":[113],"testing":[116],"phase,":[117],"residuals":[119],"extracted":[125],"as":[126,135],"damage-sensitive":[127],"features":[128],"(DSFs),":[129],"AAPE":[132,186],"calculated":[134],"classifier":[138],"diagnose":[140],"Numerical":[144],"simulation":[145],"six-story":[148],"building":[149],"experimental":[152,198],"three-story":[156],"frame":[157],"at":[159],"Los":[161],"Alamos":[162],"Laboratory":[163],"utilized":[165],"illustrate":[167],"effectiveness":[169],"proposed":[172,202],"methodology.":[173],"addition,":[175],"demonstrate":[177,200],"advantages":[179,204],"present":[182],"method,":[183],"we":[184],"analyzed":[185],"comparison":[188],"with":[189],"other":[190],"advanced":[191],"univariate":[192],"classifiers.":[194],"The":[195],"numerical":[196],"results":[199],"method's":[203],"detecting":[206],"localizing":[208],"minor":[209],"Moreover,":[211],"applicable":[215],"distributed":[217],"systems.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
