{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390879232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020496","title":"PriTKT: A Blockchain-Enhanced Privacy-Preserving Electronic Ticket System for IoT Devices","display_name":"PriTKT: A Blockchain-Enhanced Privacy-Preserving Electronic Ticket System for IoT Devices","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390879232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020496","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38257589"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24020496","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020496","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/496/pdf?version=1705127522","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/496/pdf?version=1705127522","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114626443","display_name":"Yonghua Zhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8080-2531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghua Zhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Data Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Data Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Feng Yuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15089104","display_name":"China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0523vvf33","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15089104"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute 706, The Second Academy China Aerospace Science & Industry Corp, Beijing 100854, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute 706, The Second Academy China Aerospace Science & Industry Corp, Beijing 100854, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15089104"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008367202","display_name":"Rui Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3489-2110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202334528","display_name":"Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdzh226","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202334528"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rui Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100070, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202334528"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101710266","display_name":"Guozhen Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4044-6210"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202334528","display_name":"Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdzh226","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202334528"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guozhen Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100070, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100070, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202334528"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067332736","display_name":"Chen Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7546-3403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Data Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7546-3403","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Data Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008367202"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202334528"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.8322,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91180274,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"2","first_page":"496","last_page":"496"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ticket","display_name":"Ticket","score":0.8836723566055298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7616101503372192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7233920693397522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.5729533433914185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/purchasing","display_name":"Purchasing","score":0.5200150012969971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.4166427254676819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3716937005519867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.20000839233398438}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776540713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7800647","display_name":"Ticket","level":2,"score":0.8836723566055298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7616101503372192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7233920693397522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.5729533433914185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778813691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369832","display_name":"Purchasing","level":2,"score":0.5200150012969971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4166427254676819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3716937005519867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.20000839233398438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24020496","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020496","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/496/pdf?version=1705127522","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38257589","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38257589","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11154337","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11154337","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11154337/pdf/sensors-24-00496.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:14c89c6797b546b7b426c758c3a827aa","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/14c89c6797b546b7b426c758c3a827aa","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 2, p 496 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24020496","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020496","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/496/pdf?version=1705127522","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2447469041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62372110","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4993247920","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023J02008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390879232.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1470878550","https://openalex.org/W1479826086","https://openalex.org/W1494641788","https://openalex.org/W1508193711","https://openalex.org/W1888254701","https://openalex.org/W2026892462","https://openalex.org/W2029835432","https://openalex.org/W2031618446","https://openalex.org/W2043007983","https://openalex.org/W2053526766","https://openalex.org/W2057636642","https://openalex.org/W2114428623","https://openalex.org/W2117079738","https://openalex.org/W2117797270","https://openalex.org/W2130056156","https://openalex.org/W2135266820","https://openalex.org/W2165210192","https://openalex.org/W2172174332","https://openalex.org/W2293540181","https://openalex.org/W2295240905","https://openalex.org/W2346086588","https://openalex.org/W2400148870","https://openalex.org/W2562200945","https://openalex.org/W2613018503","https://openalex.org/W2743496573","https://openalex.org/W2766100336","https://openalex.org/W2789397092","https://openalex.org/W2795807997","https://openalex.org/W2973004323","https://openalex.org/W2982408395","https://openalex.org/W2999692511","https://openalex.org/W3004375621","https://openalex.org/W3023180901","https://openalex.org/W3026865739","https://openalex.org/W3045598771","https://openalex.org/W4205092462","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4231852886","https://openalex.org/W6631066906","https://openalex.org/W6633495082","https://openalex.org/W6638983738","https://openalex.org/W6675729329","https://openalex.org/W6737386969","https://openalex.org/W6758837926","https://openalex.org/W6759906711"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W2989851257","https://openalex.org/W2799059781"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electronic":[0],"tickets":[1,12],"(e-tickets)":[2],"are":[3,177],"gradually":[4],"being":[5],"adopted":[6],"as":[7,31,44,147,149],"a":[8,25,89],"substitute":[9],"for":[10,94,211],"paper-based":[11],"to":[13,16,38,57,126,138,145,199],"bring":[14],"convenience":[15],"customers,":[17],"corporations,":[18],"and":[19,36,61,111,121,130,163,169,207],"governments.":[20],"However,":[21],"their":[22],"adoption":[23],"faces":[24],"number":[26],"of":[27,63,133,142,165,172,175,184,204],"practical":[28],"challenges,":[29],"such":[30,43],"flexibility,":[32],"privacy,":[33],"secure":[34],"storage,":[35],"inability":[37],"deploy":[39],"on":[40,52,81,102,213],"IoT":[41,95],"devices":[42],"smartphones.":[45,214],"These":[46],"concerns":[47],"motivate":[48],"the":[49,59,82,127,150,161,182,202],"current":[50,83],"research":[51],"e-ticket":[53,92],"systems,":[54],"which":[55,99],"seeks":[56],"ensure":[58],"unforgeability":[60],"authenticity":[62],"e-tickets":[64,176,186],"while":[65],"simultaneously":[66],"protecting":[67],"user":[68,123],"privacy.":[69],"Many":[70],"existing":[71,185],"schemes":[72,187],"cannot":[73],"fully":[74],"satisfy":[75,153],"all":[76],"these":[77],"requirements.":[78],"To":[79],"improve":[80,201],"state-of-the-art":[84],"solutions,":[85],"this":[86],"paper":[87],"constructs":[88],"blockchain-enhanced":[90],"privacy-preserving":[91],"system":[93],"devices,":[96],"dubbed":[97],"PriTKT,":[98],"is":[100],"based":[101],"blockchain,":[103,166],"structure-preserving":[104],"signatures":[105,109],"(SPS),":[106],"unlinkable":[107],"redactable":[108],"(URS),":[110],"zero-knowledge":[112],"proofs":[113],"(ZKP).":[114],"It":[115],"supports":[116],"flexible":[117],"policy-based":[118],"ticket":[119,154,205],"purchasing":[120,155],"ensures":[122],"unlinkability.":[124],"According":[125],"data":[128],"minimization":[129],"revealing":[131],"principle":[132],"GDPR,":[134],"PriTKT":[135],"empowers":[136],"users":[137],"selectively":[139],"disclose":[140],"subsets":[141],"(necessary)":[143],"attributes":[144,152],"sellers":[146],"long":[148],"disclosed":[151],"policies.":[156],"In":[157],"addition,":[158],"benefiting":[159],"from":[160],"decentralization":[162],"immutability":[164],"effective":[167],"detection":[168],"efficient":[170,197],"tracing":[171],"double":[173],"spending":[174],"supported":[178],"in":[179],"PriTKT.":[180],"Considering":[181],"impracticality":[183],"with":[188,194],"burdensome":[189],"ZKPs,":[190],"we":[191],"replace":[192],"them":[193],"URS/SPS":[195],"or":[196],"ZKP":[198],"significantly":[200],"efficiency":[203],"issuing":[206],"make":[208],"it":[209],"suitable":[210],"use":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
