{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389918595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23249839","title":"Underwater Structured Light Stripe Center Extraction with Normalized Grayscale Gravity Method","display_name":"Underwater Structured Light Stripe Center Extraction with Normalized Grayscale Gravity Method","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389918595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23249839","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38139687"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23249839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23249839","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/24/9839/pdf?version=1702633609","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/24/9839/pdf?version=1702633609","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100659184","display_name":"Shuaishuai Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5261-769X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuaishuai Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China","Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101892058","display_name":"Xiang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1497-5637"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102096824","display_name":"Zexiao Xie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zexiao Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China","Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102096824"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.5696,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6412224,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"24","first_page":"9839","last_page":"9839"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.7591209411621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subpixel-rendering","display_name":"Subpixel rendering","score":0.7018829584121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grayscale","display_name":"Grayscale","score":0.6211300492286682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6207994222640991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6130903959274292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6124887466430664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5917718410491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structured-light","display_name":"Structured light","score":0.4896691143512726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centroid","display_name":"Centroid","score":0.4805889129638672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.4310368299484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3908247649669647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.32684841752052307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.265342652797699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2358219027519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19325366616249084}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.7591209411621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68516990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q452912","display_name":"Subpixel rendering","level":3,"score":0.7018829584121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78201319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685727","display_name":"Grayscale","level":3,"score":0.6211300492286682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6207994222640991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6130903959274292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6124887466430664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5917718410491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193581530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q683778","display_name":"Structured light","level":2,"score":0.4896691143512726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146599234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511093","display_name":"Centroid","level":2,"score":0.4805889129638672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.4310368299484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3908247649669647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.32684841752052307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.265342652797699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2358219027519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19325366616249084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23249839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23249839","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/24/9839/pdf?version=1702633609","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38139687","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38139687","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10747204","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10747204","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10747204/pdf/sensors-23-09839.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5d5528b88e404829aef004c418f71bdb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5d5528b88e404829aef004c418f71bdb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 24, p 9839 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23249839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23249839","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/24/9839/pdf?version=1702633609","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389918595.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1979857055","https://openalex.org/W1981606887","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2041285268","https://openalex.org/W2057727798","https://openalex.org/W2081885767","https://openalex.org/W2106358064","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2122585444","https://openalex.org/W2128860595","https://openalex.org/W2133347815","https://openalex.org/W2145023731","https://openalex.org/W2151861336","https://openalex.org/W2156155065","https://openalex.org/W2166524747","https://openalex.org/W2297721579","https://openalex.org/W2309657176","https://openalex.org/W2412782625","https://openalex.org/W2606896615","https://openalex.org/W2737258237","https://openalex.org/W2804860796","https://openalex.org/W2904414252","https://openalex.org/W3132413796","https://openalex.org/W3195647355","https://openalex.org/W6681214547"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2369528593","https://openalex.org/W2385629811","https://openalex.org/W2638735979","https://openalex.org/W2111510641","https://openalex.org/W2386795888","https://openalex.org/W1968995436","https://openalex.org/W2382389562","https://openalex.org/W3126730882","https://openalex.org/W3184728525","https://openalex.org/W4313839181"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,160],"non-uniform":[1],"reflectance":[2],"characteristics":[3],"of":[4,53,82,96,111,124,144],"object":[5,56],"surfaces":[6,52],"and":[7,50,57,69,113,121,157,177],"underwater":[8,12,41,55,83],"environment":[9],"disturbances":[10],"during":[11],"laser":[13,21],"measurements":[14],"can":[15,168],"have":[16],"a":[17,28],"great":[18],"impact":[19],"on":[20,72,118],"stripe":[22,86,115],"center":[23,142],"extraction.":[24],"Therefore,":[25],"we":[26,38,75],"propose":[27],"normalized":[29,106],"grayscale":[30],"gravity":[31],"method":[32,167],"to":[33,91,107,130,152],"address":[34],"this":[35],"problem.":[36],"First,":[37],"build":[39],"an":[40],"structured":[42,84],"light":[43,85,99,114,141],"dataset":[44],"for":[45,78,135],"different":[46],"illuminations,":[47],"turbidity":[48],"levels,":[49],"reflective":[51],"the":[54,79,94,97,101,109,119,122,125,132,139,145,154,165],"compare":[58],"several":[59],"state-of-the-art":[60],"semantic":[61],"segmentation":[62],"models,":[63],"including":[64],"Deeplabv3,":[65],"Deeplabv3plus,":[66],"MobilenetV3,":[67],"Pspnet,":[68],"FCNnet.":[70],"Based":[71],"our":[73],"comparison,":[74],"recommend":[76],"PSPnet":[77],"specific":[80],"task":[81],"segmentation.":[87],"Second,":[88],"in":[89],"order":[90],"accurately":[92],"extract":[93],"centerline":[95],"extracted":[98],"stripe,":[100],"gray":[102],"level":[103],"values":[104],"are":[105,128,147],"eliminate":[108,170],"influence":[110],"noise":[112,171],"edge":[116],"information":[117],"centroids,":[120],"weights":[123],"cross-sectional":[126],"extremes":[127],"increased":[129],"increase":[131],"function":[133],"convergence":[134],"better":[136],"robustness.":[137],"Finally,":[138],"subpixel-structured":[140],"points":[143],"image":[146,155],"obtained":[148],"by":[149],"bilinear":[150],"interpolation":[151],"improve":[153],"resolution":[156],"extraction":[158],"accuracy.":[159],"experimental":[161],"results":[162],"show":[163],"that":[164],"proposed":[166],"effectively":[169],"interference":[172],"while":[173],"exhibiting":[174],"good":[175],"robustness":[176],"self-adaptability.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-09T15:46:55.921056","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
