{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389300313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23239596","title":"Fusion of Environmental Sensors for Occupancy Detection in a Real Construction Site","display_name":"Fusion of Environmental Sensors for Occupancy Detection in a Real Construction Site","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389300313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23239596","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38067969"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23239596","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23239596","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/23/9596/pdf?version=1701662384","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/23/9596/pdf?version=1701662384","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053980856","display_name":"Athina Tsanousa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6599-4446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093649","display_name":"Information Technologies Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0069akp70","country_code":"GR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093649"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Athina Tsanousa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technologies Institute, Center for Research and Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6599-4446","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technologies Institute, Center for Research and Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093412734","display_name":"Chrysoula Moschou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3322-2013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093649","display_name":"Information Technologies Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0069akp70","country_code":"GR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093649"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chrysoula Moschou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technologies Institute, Center for Research and Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technologies Institute, Center for Research and Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028771976","display_name":"Evangelos Bektsis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6760-1498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093649","display_name":"Information Technologies Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0069akp70","country_code":"GR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093649"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evangelos Bektsis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technologies Institute, Center for Research and Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6760-1498","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technologies Institute, Center for Research and Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065313479","display_name":"Stefanos Vrochidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2505-9178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093649","display_name":"Information Technologies Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0069akp70","country_code":"GR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093649"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefanos Vrochidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technologies Institute, Center for Research and Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2505-9178","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technologies Institute, Center for Research and Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093649"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084122016","display_name":"Ioannis Kompatsiaris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6447-9020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093649","display_name":"Information Technologies Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0069akp70","country_code":"GR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093649"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioannis Kompatsiaris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technologies Institute, Center for Research and Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6447-9020","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technologies Institute, Center for Research and Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093649"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053980856"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093649"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.3739,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78905976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"23","first_page":"9596","last_page":"9596"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupancy","display_name":"Occupancy","score":0.8225549459457397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenation","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","score":0.7691960334777832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.6813514828681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5072240829467773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.4237360656261444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-monitoring","display_name":"Environmental monitoring","score":0.4213460385799408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3498615324497223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.33908259868621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3266085982322693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.27149683237075806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architectural-engineering","display_name":"Architectural engineering","score":0.2678915560245514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-engineering","display_name":"Environmental engineering","score":0.1186494529247284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160331591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075743","display_name":"Occupancy","level":2,"score":0.8225549459457397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87619178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126002","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7691960334777832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.6813514828681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5072240829467773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.4237360656261444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539469273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1749732","display_name":"Environmental monitoring","level":2,"score":0.4213460385799408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3498615324497223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.33908259868621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3266085982322693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27149683237075806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.2678915560245514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.1186494529247284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23239596","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23239596","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/23/9596/pdf?version=1701662384","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38067969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38067969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10708732","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10708732","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10708732/pdf/sensors-23-09596.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9e9dc33a450c444cacd2f2487a200400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9e9dc33a450c444cacd2f2487a200400","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 23, p 9596 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23239596","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23239596","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/23/9596/pdf?version=1701662384","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389300313.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28412257","https://openalex.org/W1534477342","https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W1969513389","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W2056132907","https://openalex.org/W2122111042","https://openalex.org/W2140785063","https://openalex.org/W2160767978","https://openalex.org/W2182886880","https://openalex.org/W2545300838","https://openalex.org/W2610048039","https://openalex.org/W2751969628","https://openalex.org/W2755092530","https://openalex.org/W2768348081","https://openalex.org/W2811245964","https://openalex.org/W2884990684","https://openalex.org/W2895203600","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2956187948","https://openalex.org/W2988323474","https://openalex.org/W2989975495","https://openalex.org/W3011126096","https://openalex.org/W3033557865","https://openalex.org/W3128530033","https://openalex.org/W4205662272","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W4236137412","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4289515924","https://openalex.org/W4291894402","https://openalex.org/W4306768033"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4282043467","https://openalex.org/W2132659060","https://openalex.org/W2031992971","https://openalex.org/W3214791684","https://openalex.org/W2353265673","https://openalex.org/W2152662039","https://openalex.org/W2726747157","https://openalex.org/W2004817612","https://openalex.org/W2010131506","https://openalex.org/W2145797872"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Internet-of-Things":[0],"systems":[1],"are":[2,89,162],"increasingly":[3],"being":[4],"installed":[5,120],"in":[6,17,52,69,98,114,121],"buildings":[7],"to":[8,15,20,66,73],"transform":[9],"them":[10],"into":[11],"smart":[12,28],"ones":[13],"and":[14,43,72,76,91,127],"assist":[16],"the":[18,44,83,107,132,159],"transition":[19],"a":[21,70,122,129,165],"greener":[22],"future.":[23],"A":[24,143],"common":[25],"feature":[26],"of":[27,48,85,106,109,131],"buildings,":[29],"whether":[30],"commercial":[31],"or":[32],"residential,":[33],"is":[34,152],"environmental":[35,86,118,160],"sensing":[36],"that":[37,94],"provides":[38,128],"information":[39],"about":[40],"temperature,":[41],"dust,":[42],"general":[45],"air":[46],"quality":[47],"indoor":[49],"spaces,":[50],"assisting":[51],"achieving":[53],"energy":[54],"efficiency.":[55],"Environmental":[56],"sensors":[57,119,161],"though,":[58],"especially":[59],"when":[60],"combined,":[61],"can":[62,95],"also":[63,153],"be":[64],"used":[65],"detect":[67],"occupancy":[68,116],"space":[71],"increase":[74],"security":[75],"safety.":[77],"The":[78,155],"most":[79],"popular":[80],"methods":[81,113],"for":[82,149],"combination":[84],"sensor":[87],"measurements":[88],"concatenation":[90],"neural":[92],"networks":[93],"conduct":[96],"fusion":[97,112,134,138,146],"different":[99],"levels.":[100],"This":[101],"work":[102],"presents":[103],"an":[104],"evaluation":[105],"performance":[108],"multiple":[110],"late":[111,133],"detecting":[115],"from":[117,158],"building":[123],"during":[124],"its":[125],"construction":[126],"comparison":[130],"approaches":[135],"with":[136],"early":[137],"followed":[139],"by":[140],"ensemble":[141],"classifiers.":[142],"novel":[144],"weighted":[145],"method,":[147],"suitable":[148],"imbalanced":[150],"samples,":[151],"tested.":[154],"data":[156],"collected":[157],"provided":[163],"as":[164],"public":[166],"dataset.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-04T09:04:59.091469","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
