{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388495294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229039","title":"Estimation of Lower Limb Joint Angles and Joint Moments during Different Locomotive Activities Using the Inertial Measurement Units and a Hybrid Deep Learning Model","display_name":"Estimation of Lower Limb Joint Angles and Joint Moments during Different Locomotive Activities Using the Inertial Measurement Units and a Hybrid Deep Learning Model","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388495294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229039","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38005427"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23229039","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229039","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/22/9039/pdf?version=1699423750","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/22/9039/pdf?version=1699423750","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003550256","display_name":"Fanjie Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1419-1667"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fanjie Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068997395","display_name":"Wenqi Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6814-9958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenqi Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084448329","display_name":"H. M. Rehan Afzal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1759-2351"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hafiz Muhammad Rehan Afzal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017017051","display_name":"Ao Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3906-8419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ao Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001707586","display_name":"Wenjiong Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163738","display_name":"China Astronaut Research and Training Center","ror":"https://ror.org/001ycj259","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163738"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjiong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043691246","display_name":"Xiaoqian Dai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163738","display_name":"China Astronaut Research and Training Center","ror":"https://ror.org/001ycj259","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163738"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqian Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100740503","display_name":"Shujuan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3837-2817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163738","display_name":"China Astronaut Research and Training Center","ror":"https://ror.org/001ycj259","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163738"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shujuan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080751798","display_name":"Yiwei Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7396-4917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiwei Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102026665","display_name":"Zhili Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9237-6176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163738","display_name":"China Astronaut Research and Training Center","ror":"https://ror.org/001ycj259","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163738"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhili Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Space Medicine, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163738"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008568732","display_name":"Pengfei Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3681-763X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pengfei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3681-763X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008568732","https://openalex.org/A5102026665"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004","https://openalex.org/I4210163738"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.806,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84419797,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"22","first_page":"9039","last_page":"9039"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11018","display_name":"Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11018","display_name":"Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10114","display_name":"Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11227","display_name":"Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sagittal-plane","display_name":"Sagittal plane","score":0.6508257985115051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/units-of-measurement","display_name":"Units of measurement","score":0.5699445009231567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinematics","display_name":"Kinematics","score":0.5541507601737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.547112226486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5339668393135071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5198831558227539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.5081307888031006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49871182441711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.4852183163166046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knee-joint","display_name":"Knee Joint","score":0.4376479387283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ankle","display_name":"Ankle","score":0.4320802390575409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-measurement-unit","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","score":0.4306516647338867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait","display_name":"Gait","score":0.43015462160110474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.4209991693496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.37457507848739624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18080821633338928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.17413786053657532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.14036455750465393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.12749552726745605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.08466088771820068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.08003643155097961}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178910020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2211994","display_name":"Sagittal plane","level":2,"score":0.6508257985115051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151233233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47574","display_name":"Units of measurement","level":2,"score":0.5699445009231567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.5541507601737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.547112226486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5339668393135071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5198831558227539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.5081307888031006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49871182441711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.4852183163166046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908736133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37425","display_name":"Knee Joint","level":2,"score":0.4376479387283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778640784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168002","display_name":"Ankle","level":2,"score":0.4320802390575409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79061980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q941680","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","level":2,"score":0.4306516647338867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151800584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370000","display_name":"Gait","level":2,"score":0.43015462160110474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.4209991693496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.37457507848739624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18080821633338928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.17413786053657532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14036455750465393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.12749552726745605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.08466088771820068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.08003643155097961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007717","descriptor_name":"Knee","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007717","descriptor_name":"Knee","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007717","descriptor_name":"Knee","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007719","descriptor_name":"Knee Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007719","descriptor_name":"Knee Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007719","descriptor_name":"Knee Joint","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035002","descriptor_name":"Lower Extremity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035002","descriptor_name":"Lower Extremity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035002","descriptor_name":"Lower Extremity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23229039","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229039","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/22/9039/pdf?version=1699423750","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38005427","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38005427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10674933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10674933","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10674933/pdf/sensors-23-09039.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:693c3303d2184e54a33267d72c3a14c9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/693c3303d2184e54a33267d72c3a14c9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 22, p 9039 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23229039","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229039","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/22/9039/pdf?version=1699423750","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1986621313","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"QN2023183004L","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2364581775","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GK2021KY0604","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2373764729","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12272317","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2378376344","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G2022KY0601","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4124190526","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HYZHXM01003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5165592314","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GK2021KY0604","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6121894752","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12302403","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6495792779","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12302403","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G697840188","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12272317","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8318924849","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HYZHXM01003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8415535086","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G2022KY0601","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8731924813","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"QN2023183004L","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388495294.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1938245517","https://openalex.org/W1972158751","https://openalex.org/W2002204150","https://openalex.org/W2058939617","https://openalex.org/W2067007369","https://openalex.org/W2111355799","https://openalex.org/W2130281033","https://openalex.org/W2135270981","https://openalex.org/W2136848157","https://openalex.org/W2146592202","https://openalex.org/W2147498262","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2516306526","https://openalex.org/W2531169641","https://openalex.org/W2548954486","https://openalex.org/W2562261801","https://openalex.org/W2885166473","https://openalex.org/W2890804875","https://openalex.org/W2914824534","https://openalex.org/W2995691779","https://openalex.org/W2998731068","https://openalex.org/W3001585362","https://openalex.org/W3005130785","https://openalex.org/W3007075806","https://openalex.org/W3016900421","https://openalex.org/W3027989287","https://openalex.org/W3028940005","https://openalex.org/W3037654363","https://openalex.org/W3049181706","https://openalex.org/W3095649671","https://openalex.org/W3113909459","https://openalex.org/W3130807160","https://openalex.org/W3168789724","https://openalex.org/W3170721375","https://openalex.org/W3175585004","https://openalex.org/W3196564317","https://openalex.org/W4200499882","https://openalex.org/W4205535139","https://openalex.org/W4205541281","https://openalex.org/W4206978223","https://openalex.org/W4226023735","https://openalex.org/W4226199727","https://openalex.org/W4285049655","https://openalex.org/W4292970538","https://openalex.org/W4309399554","https://openalex.org/W4361801851","https://openalex.org/W4367174256","https://openalex.org/W4383097633","https://openalex.org/W6728581821","https://openalex.org/W6767782324"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967422967","https://openalex.org/W3082879976","https://openalex.org/W2029881158","https://openalex.org/W3196140453","https://openalex.org/W3044242125","https://openalex.org/W2037990170","https://openalex.org/W2768468910","https://openalex.org/W2358943820","https://openalex.org/W2999148748","https://openalex.org/W2978426962"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Using":[0],"inertial":[1],"measurement":[2],"units":[3],"(IMUs)":[4],"to":[5,124],"estimate":[6,24,82,159],"lower":[7],"limb":[8],"joint":[9,84,137,160],"kinematics":[10],"and":[11,20,40,49,74,86,126,139,148,162,174],"kinetics":[12],"can":[13,157],"provide":[14],"valuable":[15],"information":[16],"for":[17,170],"disease":[18],"diagnosis":[19],"rehabilitation":[21],"assessment.":[22],"To":[23,81],"gait":[25],"parameters":[26],"using":[27,106],"IMUs,":[28],"model-based":[29],"filtering":[30],"approaches":[31],"have":[32],"been":[33],"proposed,":[34],"such":[35],"as":[36,67],"the":[37,61,89,114,128,143,154],"Kalman":[38],"filter":[39],"complementary":[41],"filter.":[42],"However,":[43],"these":[44],"methods":[45],"require":[46,71],"special":[47],"calibration":[48,73],"alignment":[50,75],"of":[51,55,63,77,136],"IMUs.":[52,108],"The":[53,131],"development":[54],"deep":[56],"learning":[57],"algorithms":[58],"has":[59],"facilitated":[60],"application":[62,171],"IMUs":[64,78],"in":[65,79,88,119,164,172],"biomechanics":[66],"it":[68],"does":[69],"not":[70],"particular":[72],"procedures":[76],"use.":[80],"hip/knee/ankle":[83],"angles":[85,138,161],"moments":[87,140,163],"sagittal":[90],"plane,":[91],"a":[92],"subject-independent":[93],"temporal":[94],"convolutional":[95],"neural":[96],"network-bidirectional":[97],"long":[98],"short-term":[99],"memory":[100],"network":[101],"(TCN-BiLSTM)":[102],"model":[103,145,156],"was":[104,122],"proposed":[105,144],"three":[107],"A":[109],"public":[110],"benchmark":[111],"dataset":[112],"containing":[113],"most":[115],"representative":[116],"locomotive":[117],"activities":[118],"daily":[120,175],"life":[121,176],"used":[123],"train":[125],"evaluate":[127],"TCN-BiLSTM":[129,155],"model.":[130],"mean":[132],"Pearson":[133],"correlation":[134],"coefficient":[135],"estimated":[141],"by":[142],"reached":[146],"0.92":[147],"0.87,":[149],"respectively.":[150],"This":[151],"indicates":[152],"that":[153],"effectively":[158],"multiple":[165],"scenarios,":[166],"demonstrating":[167],"its":[168],"potential":[169],"clinical":[173],"scenarios.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}