{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388019269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23218798","title":"Automatic Calibration of Microscopic Traffic Simulation Models Using Artificial Neural Networks","display_name":"Automatic Calibration of Microscopic Traffic Simulation Models Using Artificial Neural Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388019269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23218798","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37960498"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23218798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23218798","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/21/8798/pdf?version=1698549861","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/21/8798/pdf?version=1698549861","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035561049","display_name":"Rodrigo Fran\u00e7a Daguano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rodrigo F. Daguano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Escola Polit\u00e9cnica da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05508-010, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Escola Polit\u00e9cnica da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05508-010, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028297220","display_name":"Leopoldo Rideki Yoshioka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2222-1237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leopoldo R. Yoshioka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Escola Polit\u00e9cnica da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05508-010, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2222-1237","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Escola Polit\u00e9cnica da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05508-010, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054029385","display_name":"M\u00e1rcio Lobo Netto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6694-0228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcio L. Netto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Escola Polit\u00e9cnica da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05508-010, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Escola Polit\u00e9cnica da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05508-010, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023302592","display_name":"Cl\u00e1udio Luiz Marte","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio L. Marte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Transport Engineering, Escola Polit\u00e9cnica da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05508-010, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Transport Engineering, Escola Polit\u00e9cnica da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05508-010, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082654345","display_name":"Cassiano Augusto Isler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4676-0999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cassiano A. Isler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Transport Engineering, Escola Polit\u00e9cnica da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05508-010, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4676-0999","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Transport Engineering, Escola Polit\u00e9cnica da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05508-010, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006922229","display_name":"Max Mauro Dias Santos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7877-3554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283613182","display_name":"Universidade Tecnol\u00f3gica Federal do Paran\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/002v2kq79","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283613182"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Max Mauro Dias Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics, Federal University of Technology\u2014Paran\u00e1, Ponta Grossa CEP 84017-220, PR, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7877-3554","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Federal University of Technology\u2014Paran\u00e1, Ponta Grossa CEP 84017-220, PR, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283613182"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025397634","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o F. Justo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1948-7835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo\u00e3o F. Justo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Escola Polit\u00e9cnica da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05508-010, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Escola Polit\u00e9cnica da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 05508-010, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006922229"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283613182"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":1.4473,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80319444,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"21","first_page":"8798","last_page":"8798"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.7578392028808594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.7504775524139404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6868323683738708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5953717231750488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5444603562355042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptron","display_name":"Perceptron","score":0.5101421475410461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backpropagation","display_name":"Backpropagation","score":0.48711657524108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-simulation","display_name":"Traffic simulation","score":0.46531060338020325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.4574827551841736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilayer-perceptron","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","score":0.4556659758090973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4512060880661011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3598807156085968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17278176546096802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10872000455856323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10450175404548645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.09476488828659058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microsimulation","display_name":"Microsimulation","score":0.07921013236045837}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.7578392028808594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.7504775524139404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6868323683738708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5953717231750488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5444603562355042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60908668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690207","display_name":"Perceptron","level":3,"score":0.5101421475410461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.48711657524108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778391309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7832527","display_name":"Traffic simulation","level":3,"score":0.46531060338020325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.4574827551841736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179717631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991667","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","level":3,"score":0.4556659758090973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4512060880661011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3598807156085968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17278176546096802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10872000455856323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10450175404548645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.09476488828659058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780015235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1934035","display_name":"Microsimulation","level":2,"score":0.07921013236045837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23218798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23218798","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/21/8798/pdf?version=1698549861","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37960498","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37960498","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10648796","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10648796","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10648796/pdf/sensors-23-08798.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ad7d6625de7045839bb17266598c1210","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ad7d6625de7045839bb17266598c1210","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 21, p 8798 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23218798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23218798","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/21/8798/pdf?version=1698549861","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388019269.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W104184427","https://openalex.org/W1430706382","https://openalex.org/W1607069473","https://openalex.org/W1788672784","https://openalex.org/W1969650624","https://openalex.org/W1972547139","https://openalex.org/W2004080457","https://openalex.org/W2012892015","https://openalex.org/W2019888298","https://openalex.org/W2021108066","https://openalex.org/W2025007905","https://openalex.org/W2040411888","https://openalex.org/W2050109517","https://openalex.org/W2068829733","https://openalex.org/W2092623846","https://openalex.org/W2124289529","https://openalex.org/W2171021311","https://openalex.org/W2217433064","https://openalex.org/W2247520887","https://openalex.org/W2325184563","https://openalex.org/W2582748940","https://openalex.org/W2617295546","https://openalex.org/W2732022082","https://openalex.org/W2737973201","https://openalex.org/W2773649677","https://openalex.org/W2773783989","https://openalex.org/W2796324652","https://openalex.org/W2804772865","https://openalex.org/W2892098742","https://openalex.org/W2902792375","https://openalex.org/W2903383997","https://openalex.org/W2929926241","https://openalex.org/W2935998278","https://openalex.org/W2936484317","https://openalex.org/W2940862866","https://openalex.org/W2942060267","https://openalex.org/W2951708261","https://openalex.org/W2958904970","https://openalex.org/W3040234620","https://openalex.org/W3083389009","https://openalex.org/W3092503710","https://openalex.org/W3114749483","https://openalex.org/W4205584175","https://openalex.org/W4238452080","https://openalex.org/W4292567176","https://openalex.org/W4304184368","https://openalex.org/W6713134421","https://openalex.org/W6754974980","https://openalex.org/W6765708363"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2555356437","https://openalex.org/W2417891382","https://openalex.org/W2076543106","https://openalex.org/W2083196709","https://openalex.org/W2019891950","https://openalex.org/W2085842814","https://openalex.org/W2023924986","https://openalex.org/W2523437662","https://openalex.org/W4387048144","https://openalex.org/W2026850197"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traffic":[0],"simulations":[1,38],"are":[2,186],"valuable":[3],"tools":[4],"for":[5,36,87,297],"urban":[6,33],"mobility":[7],"planning":[8],"and":[9,26,31,45,69,84,173,179,206,228,242,272,339],"operation,":[10],"particularly":[11],"in":[12,98,188,279],"large":[13,317],"cities.":[14],"Simulation-based":[15],"microscopic":[16,169,183],"models":[17,170,176,185],"have":[18,95],"enabled":[19],"traffic":[20,63,89,162,172,184,308],"engineers":[21,64,309],"to":[22,39,52,71,119,245,310],"understand":[23],"local":[24],"transit":[25],"transport":[27,43,125],"behaviors":[28],"more":[29,259],"deeply":[30],"manage":[32],"mobility.":[34],"However,":[35],"the":[37,42,73,76,99,108,121,124,133,146,151,155,161,189,199,203,216,233,237,255,263,276,280,285,298,328,337,342],"be":[40,50],"effective,":[41],"network":[44,115,126,148],"user":[46],"behavior":[47,122],"parameters":[48,74,157,257,303],"must":[49],"calibrated":[51,256],"mirror":[53],"real":[54],"scenarios.":[55],"In":[56],"general,":[57],"calibration":[58,109,246,300],"is":[59,80,117,132,240,304],"performed":[60],"manually":[61],"by":[62],"who":[65],"use":[66],"their":[67],"knowledge":[68],"experience":[70],"adjust":[72],"of":[75,123,127,154,164,171,192,202,208,215,232,294,301,319,327,336,341],"simulator.":[77],"Unfortunately,":[78],"there":[79],"still":[81],"no":[82],"systematic":[83],"automatic":[85,299],"process":[86],"calibrating":[88],"simulation":[90,156,302],"networks,":[91],"although":[92],"some":[93],"methods":[94],"been":[96],"proposed":[97,238],"literature.":[100],"This":[101],"study":[102],"proposes":[103],"a":[104,248,316],"methodology":[105,239],"that":[106,158,236,305],"facilitates":[107],"process,":[110],"where":[111],"an":[112],"artificial":[113],"neural":[114,147],"(ANN)":[116],"trained":[118,137],"learn":[120],"interest.":[128,165],"The":[129,182,230,292],"ANN":[130,296],"used":[131],"Multi-Layer":[134],"Perceptron":[135],"(MLP),":[136],"with":[138,247],"back-propagation":[139],"methods.":[140],"Based":[141],"on":[142,262,315,333],"this":[143],"learning":[144],"procedure,":[145],"can":[149],"select":[150],"optimized":[152],"values":[153],"best":[159],"mimic":[160],"conditions":[163],"Experiments":[166],"considered":[167],"two":[168,174],"psychophysical":[175,277],"(Wiedemann":[177],"74":[178],"Wiedemann":[180],"99).":[181],"located":[187],"metropolitan":[190],"region":[191],"S\u00e3o":[193],"Paulo,":[194],"Brazil.":[195],"Moreover,":[196],"we":[197],"tested":[198],"different":[200,325,334],"configurations":[201],"MLP":[204],"(layers":[205],"numbers":[207],"neurons)":[209],"as":[210,212,267,323,330,332],"well":[211,331],"several":[213],"variations":[214],"backpropagation":[217],"training":[218],"method:":[219],"Stochastic":[220],"Gradient":[221],"Descent":[222],"(SGD),":[223],"Adam,":[224],"Adagrad,":[225],"Adadelta,":[226],"Adamax,":[227],"Nadam.":[229],"results":[231],"experiments":[234],"show":[235],"accurate":[241],"efficient,":[243],"leading":[244],"correlation":[249,286],"coefficient":[250,287],"greater":[251,289],"than":[252,290],"0.8,":[253],"when":[254],"generate":[258],"visible":[260],"effects":[261],"road":[264],"network,":[265],"such":[266,322],"travel":[268],"times,":[269],"vehicle":[270],"counts,":[271],"average":[273],"speeds.":[274],"For":[275],"parameters,":[278],"most":[281],"simplified":[282],"model":[283],"(W74),":[284],"was":[288],"0.7.":[291],"advantage":[293],"using":[295],"it":[306],"allows":[307],"carry":[311],"out":[312],"comprehensive":[313],"studies":[314],"number":[318],"future":[320],"scenarios,":[321],"at":[324],"times":[326],"day,":[329],"days":[335],"week":[338],"months":[340],"year.":[343]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-16T07:02:28.622633","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}