{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387813105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23208602","title":"Edge Bleeding Artifact Reduction for Shape from Focus in Microscopic 3D Sensing","display_name":"Edge Bleeding Artifact Reduction for Shape from Focus in Microscopic 3D Sensing","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387813105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23208602","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37896695"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23208602","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23208602","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/20/8602/pdf?version=1697797268","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/20/8602/pdf?version=1697797268","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100681609","display_name":"Sang-Ho Park","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4921948","display_name":"Pusan National University","ror":"https://ror.org/01an57a31","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang-Ho Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6380-301X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031326652","display_name":"Ga-Rin Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8379-1754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4921948","display_name":"Pusan National University","ror":"https://ror.org/01an57a31","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ga-Rin Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8379-1754","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035906745","display_name":"Kwang\u2010Ryul Baek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2928-2043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4921948","display_name":"Pusan National University","ror":"https://ror.org/01an57a31","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kwang-Ryul Baek","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2928-2043","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035906745"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19735391,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"20","first_page":"8602","last_page":"8602"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11897","display_name":"Digital Holography and Microscopy","score":0.9760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7624193429946899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artifact","display_name":"Artifact (error)","score":0.7521777153015137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7127234935760498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness","display_name":"Brightness","score":0.6894865036010742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.6695258617401123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.647146463394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6279088258743286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depth-of-field","display_name":"Depth of field","score":0.5720659494400024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.5309946537017822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-detection","display_name":"Edge detection","score":0.4493836760520935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.293112576007843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.28290241956710815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.25343185663223267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20678406953811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12737399339675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.11194431781768799}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7624193429946899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779010991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2720909","display_name":"Artifact (error)","level":2,"score":0.7521777153015137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7127234935760498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125245961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221656","display_name":"Brightness","level":2,"score":0.6894865036010742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6695258617401123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.647146463394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6279088258743286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183072630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215932","display_name":"Depth of field","level":2,"score":0.5720659494400024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5309946537017822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193536780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513153","display_name":"Edge detection","level":4,"score":0.4493836760520935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.293112576007843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.28290241956710815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.25343185663223267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20678406953811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12737399339675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.11194431781768799}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23208602","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23208602","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/20/8602/pdf?version=1697797268","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37896695","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37896695","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10611386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10611386","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10611386/pdf/sensors-23-08602.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6a3e8da955034430a5677c11b69dffff","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6a3e8da955034430a5677c11b69dffff","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 20, p 8602 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23208602","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23208602","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/20/8602/pdf?version=1697797268","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387813105.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1751162681","https://openalex.org/W1965357857","https://openalex.org/W1965461968","https://openalex.org/W1965475047","https://openalex.org/W1981437358","https://openalex.org/W1993810873","https://openalex.org/W2018349021","https://openalex.org/W2039608780","https://openalex.org/W2042408356","https://openalex.org/W2045834021","https://openalex.org/W2072101497","https://openalex.org/W2081754635","https://openalex.org/W2102469519","https://openalex.org/W2143789285","https://openalex.org/W2156849739","https://openalex.org/W2164638305","https://openalex.org/W2166117551","https://openalex.org/W2166774562","https://openalex.org/W2263166515","https://openalex.org/W2569602911","https://openalex.org/W2601630211","https://openalex.org/W2791731233","https://openalex.org/W2947615855","https://openalex.org/W3122689346","https://openalex.org/W3124907542","https://openalex.org/W3141045988","https://openalex.org/W3205731867","https://openalex.org/W4206184888","https://openalex.org/W4313259376","https://openalex.org/W4385776875"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038862184","https://openalex.org/W2039365229","https://openalex.org/W2028049428","https://openalex.org/W2101902114","https://openalex.org/W2145843506","https://openalex.org/W2379089757","https://openalex.org/W4249592067","https://openalex.org/W2056407677","https://openalex.org/W2358781543","https://openalex.org/W4293054829"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Shape":[0],"from":[1],"focus":[2,75,113],"enables":[3],"microscopic":[4],"3D":[5],"sensing":[6],"by":[7],"combining":[8],"it":[9],"with":[10,122],"a":[11,33,41,73],"microscope":[12],"system.":[13],"However,":[14],"edge":[15,37,127],"bleeding":[16,38,101,128],"artifacts":[17,30],"of":[18,43,52,54,66,85,105],"estimated":[19],"depth":[20,51],"easily":[21],"occur":[22],"in":[23,88,111],"this":[24,27],"environment.":[25],"Therefore,":[26],"study":[28],"analyzed":[29],"and":[31,63,98,125],"proposed":[32,80,91,117],"method":[34,78,93,118],"to":[35,70,107],"reduce":[36,71],"artifacts.":[39,89,129],"As":[40],"result":[42],"the":[44,46,50,55,64,67,83],"analysis,":[45],"artifact":[47,102],"factors":[48],"are":[49],"field":[53],"lens,":[56],"object":[57],"texture,":[58],"brightness":[59,87],"difference":[60],"between":[61],"layers,":[62],"slope":[65],"object.":[68],"Additionally,":[69],"artifacts,":[72],"weighted":[74],"measure":[76,114],"value":[77],"was":[79,94],"based":[81],"on":[82],"asymmetry":[84],"local":[86],"The":[90,116],"reduction":[92,103],"evaluated":[95],"through":[96],"simulation":[97],"implementation.":[99],"Edge":[100],"rates":[104],"up":[106],"60%":[108],"were":[109],"shown":[110],"various":[112],"operators.":[115],"can":[119],"be":[120],"used":[121],"postprocessing":[123],"algorithms":[124],"reduces":[126]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
