{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387706994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23208527","title":"Resonant Gas Sensing in the Terahertz Spectral Range Using Two-Wire Phase-Shifted Waveguide Bragg Gratings","display_name":"Resonant Gas Sensing in the Terahertz Spectral Range Using Two-Wire Phase-Shifted Waveguide Bragg Gratings","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387706994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23208527","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37896620"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23208527","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23208527","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/20/8527/pdf?version=1697547094","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/20/8527/pdf?version=1697547094","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100651884","display_name":"Yang Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7038-2580"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184843921","display_name":"Hebei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018hded08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","display_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/05f8d4e86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}],"countries":["CA","CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Advanced Laser Technology, Hebei University of Technology, 5340 Xiping Road, Tianjin 300401, China","Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3A7, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Advanced Laser Technology, Hebei University of Technology, 5340 Xiping Road, Tianjin 300401, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3A7, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005360056","display_name":"Kathirvel Nallappan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5391-7459"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","display_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/05f8d4e86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathirvel Nallappan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3A7, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5391-7459","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3A7, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010354741","display_name":"Guofu Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5654-6545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","display_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/05f8d4e86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guofu Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3A7, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3A7, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058897687","display_name":"Maksim Skorobogatiy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6124-2981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","display_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/05f8d4e86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maksim Skorobogatiy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3A7, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3A7, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058897687","https://openalex.org/A5100651884"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921","https://openalex.org/I45683168"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":0.4836,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57188599,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"20","first_page":"8527","last_page":"8527"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10752","display_name":"Terahertz technology and applications","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grating","display_name":"Grating","score":0.8085548877716064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7628343105316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terahertz-radiation","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","score":0.7608603239059448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.7074498534202576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-bragg-grating","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","score":0.6468805074691772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveguide","display_name":"Waveguide","score":0.5945754051208496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refractive-index","display_name":"Refractive index","score":0.5164592266082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.5013232231140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength","display_name":"Wavelength","score":0.25934356451034546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08876413106918335}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777813233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1527816","display_name":"Grating","level":2,"score":0.8085548877716064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7628343105316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107816215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647887","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","level":2,"score":0.7608603239059448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.7074498534202576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43091971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397391","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","level":3,"score":0.6468805074691772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200687136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11233438","display_name":"Waveguide","level":2,"score":0.5945754051208496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42067758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174102","display_name":"Refractive index","level":2,"score":0.5164592266082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.5013232231140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.25934356451034546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08876413106918335}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23208527","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23208527","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/20/8527/pdf?version=1697547094","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37896620","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37896620","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.polymtl.ca:56750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.polymtl.ca/56750/1/2023_Cao_Resonant_gas_sensing_terahertz_spectral.pdf","pdf_url":"https://publications.polymtl.ca/56750/1/2023_Cao_Resonant_gas_sensing_terahertz_spectral.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401013","display_name":"PolyPublie (\u00c9cole Polytechnique de Montr\u00e9al)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","host_organization_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article de revue"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10610679","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10610679","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10610679/pdf/sensors-23-08527.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:32f71d81067446e89ce86d937190e23c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/32f71d81067446e89ce86d937190e23c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 20, p 8527 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23208527","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23208527","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/20/8527/pdf?version=1697547094","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8644327236","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62205100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387706994.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387706994.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982353147","https://openalex.org/W1983170871","https://openalex.org/W1983554098","https://openalex.org/W1989992936","https://openalex.org/W2008597402","https://openalex.org/W2015768020","https://openalex.org/W2027947314","https://openalex.org/W2030037816","https://openalex.org/W2031539855","https://openalex.org/W2051130031","https://openalex.org/W2074831937","https://openalex.org/W2075448373","https://openalex.org/W2083736450","https://openalex.org/W2098030531","https://openalex.org/W2119942537","https://openalex.org/W2128859708","https://openalex.org/W2560587630","https://openalex.org/W2745187130","https://openalex.org/W2808262048","https://openalex.org/W2887707962","https://openalex.org/W2890608288","https://openalex.org/W2910447275","https://openalex.org/W2938506916","https://openalex.org/W2952137580","https://openalex.org/W2956897275","https://openalex.org/W2967018633","https://openalex.org/W2974462623","https://openalex.org/W2982606128","https://openalex.org/W2996629586","https://openalex.org/W3006275582","https://openalex.org/W3045325855","https://openalex.org/W3097361907","https://openalex.org/W3102635930","https://openalex.org/W3184827556","https://openalex.org/W3195967278","https://openalex.org/W4288735288","https://openalex.org/W4313889081","https://openalex.org/W4360871675","https://openalex.org/W4380369327","https://openalex.org/W4385985977","https://openalex.org/W4385988396"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2762687161","https://openalex.org/W2353254830","https://openalex.org/W2033952283","https://openalex.org/W2351210568","https://openalex.org/W2028421553","https://openalex.org/W2890072373","https://openalex.org/W2105973023","https://openalex.org/W3000002614","https://openalex.org/W2800192479","https://openalex.org/W2127581500"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,51],"development":[1],"of":[2,13,18,67,103,127,139,152,172,201],"low-cost":[3],"sensing":[4,118,163],"devices":[5],"with":[6,150],"high":[7,80],"compactness,":[8],"flexibility,":[9],"and":[10,44,58,64,82,124],"robustness":[11],"is":[12,93,115,157],"significance":[14],"for":[15,117],"practical":[16],"applications":[17],"optical":[19],"gas":[20,30,147,162,192],"sensing.":[21],"In":[22,159],"this":[23],"work,":[24],"we":[25],"propose":[26],"a":[27,45,83,97,104,137],"waveguide-based":[28],"resonant":[29,191],"sensor":[31,131,193],"operating":[32,132],"in":[33,100,145,198],"the":[34,56,88,101,109,121,125,143,146,168,173,187,199],"terahertz":[35,62,190],"frequency":[36],"band.":[37],"It":[38],"features":[39,75],"micro-encapsulated":[40],"two-wire":[41],"plasmonic":[42],"waveguides":[43],"phase-shifted":[46,174,188],"waveguide":[47,106],"Bragg":[48],"grating":[49,89,92,128,175],"(WBG).":[50],"modular":[52],"semi-sealed":[53],"structure":[54],"ensures":[55],"controllable":[57],"efficient":[59],"interaction":[60],"between":[61],"radiation":[63],"gaseous":[65,202],"analytes":[66],"small":[68],"quantities.":[69],"WBG":[70],"built":[71],"by":[72,95,119,166],"superimposing":[73],"periodical":[74],"on":[76],"one":[77],"wire":[78],"shows":[79],"reflection":[81],"low":[84],"transmission":[85],"coefficient":[86],"within":[87],"stopband.":[90],"Phase-shifted":[91],"developed":[94],"inserting":[96],"Fabry\u2013Perot":[98],"cavity":[99,122],"form":[102],"straight":[105],"section":[107],"inside":[108],"uniform":[110],"gratings.":[111],"Its":[112],"spectral":[113,170],"response":[114,171],"optimized":[116],"tailoring":[120],"length":[123],"number":[126],"periods.":[129],"Gas":[130],"around":[133],"140":[134],"GHz,":[135],"featuring":[136],"sensitivity":[138],"144":[140],"GHz/RIU":[141],"to":[142,176],"variation":[144],"refractive":[148],"index,":[149],"resolution":[151],"7":[153],"\u00d7":[154],"10\u22125":[155],"RIU,":[156],"developed.":[158],"proof-of-concept":[160],"experiments,":[161],"was":[164],"demonstrated":[165],"monitoring":[167,200],"real-time":[169],"glycerol":[177],"vapor":[178],"flowing":[179],"through":[180],"its":[181],"sealed":[182],"cavity.":[183],"We":[184],"believe":[185],"that":[186],"grating-based":[189],"can":[194],"open":[195],"new":[196],"opportunities":[197],"analytes.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}