{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387376286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23198259","title":"Proposal of a Token-Based Node Selection Mechanism for Node Distribution of Mobility IoT Blockchain Nodes","display_name":"Proposal of a Token-Based Node Selection Mechanism for Node Distribution of Mobility IoT Blockchain Nodes","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387376286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23198259","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37837089"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23198259","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23198259","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/19/8259/pdf?version=1696509087","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/19/8259/pdf?version=1696509087","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100746309","display_name":"Jinsu Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1009-3928"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83202590","display_name":"Jeju National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hnb4n85","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinsu Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Convergence Information Security, Graduate School, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1009-3928","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Convergence Information Security, Graduate School, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091198240","display_name":"Eunsun Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6384-5324"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83202590","display_name":"Jeju National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hnb4n85","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eunsun Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Creative Education Base Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63294, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6384-5324","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Creative Education Base Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63294, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033726593","display_name":"Byung\u2010Gyu Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6555-3464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31766871","display_name":"Sookmyung Women's University","ror":"https://ror.org/00vvvt117","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31766871"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byung-Gyu Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Artificial Intelligence Engineering, Sookmyung Women\u2019s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea","Department of Artificial Intelligence Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6555-3464","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Artificial Intelligence Engineering, Sookmyung Women\u2019s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31766871"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Artificial Intelligence Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31766871"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032079311","display_name":"Namje Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4434-8933"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83202590","display_name":"Jeju National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hnb4n85","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Namje Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Creative Education Base Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63294, Republic of Korea","Department of Computer Education, Teachers College, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea","Department of Convergence Information Security, Graduate School, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4434-8933","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Creative Education Base Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63294, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Education, Teachers College, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Convergence Information Security, Graduate School, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032079311"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83202590"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.7683,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73632048,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"19","first_page":"8259","last_page":"8259"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13243","display_name":"Innovation in Digital Healthcare Systems","score":0.9528999924659729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-token","display_name":"Security token","score":0.7928361892700195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7094655632972717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.6452589631080627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.6352920532226562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5281334519386292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5258258581161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.5251222252845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4818771779537201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.4163525700569153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11996877193450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.11762484908103943}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.7928361892700195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7094655632972717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6452589631080627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6352920532226562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5281334519386292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5258258581161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.5251222252845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4818771779537201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.4163525700569153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11996877193450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11762484908103943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23198259","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23198259","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/19/8259/pdf?version=1696509087","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37837089","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37837089","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10575032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10575032","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10575032/pdf/sensors-23-08259.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:886e16e53e3e4eb7a7a497ffc1d4f9d9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/886e16e53e3e4eb7a7a497ffc1d4f9d9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 19, p 8259 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23198259","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23198259","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/19/8259/pdf?version=1696509087","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1167565887","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2022S1A5C2A04092269","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2162677430","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"23ZD1160","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322093","funder_display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4530981149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2022S1A5C2A04092269","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321408","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321408","display_name":"Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/01p262204"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322093","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387376286.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2096279841","https://openalex.org/W2206531137","https://openalex.org/W2510545792","https://openalex.org/W2520480241","https://openalex.org/W2588221994","https://openalex.org/W2605111905","https://openalex.org/W2765579397","https://openalex.org/W2769359768","https://openalex.org/W2774802253","https://openalex.org/W2783808332","https://openalex.org/W2879099883","https://openalex.org/W2888047616","https://openalex.org/W2889944408","https://openalex.org/W2901281921","https://openalex.org/W2904338335","https://openalex.org/W2906884625","https://openalex.org/W2924387646","https://openalex.org/W2954175853","https://openalex.org/W2970306935","https://openalex.org/W2975321582","https://openalex.org/W2997797199","https://openalex.org/W3003920061","https://openalex.org/W3006629274","https://openalex.org/W3010825489","https://openalex.org/W3015980197","https://openalex.org/W3033728110","https://openalex.org/W3039118537","https://openalex.org/W3041656632","https://openalex.org/W3042468609","https://openalex.org/W3045430915","https://openalex.org/W3071308890","https://openalex.org/W3082527535","https://openalex.org/W3089975624","https://openalex.org/W3092417240","https://openalex.org/W3092863441","https://openalex.org/W3124927426","https://openalex.org/W3128842152","https://openalex.org/W3132512064","https://openalex.org/W3144594777","https://openalex.org/W3170323079","https://openalex.org/W3199317834","https://openalex.org/W3215663443","https://openalex.org/W4205961140","https://openalex.org/W4307415551","https://openalex.org/W4311903551","https://openalex.org/W4312868993","https://openalex.org/W4312969975","https://openalex.org/W4318484633","https://openalex.org/W6768264907","https://openalex.org/W6783528178"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W3048554917","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W4226309346"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Various":[0],"elements,":[1],"such":[2],"as":[3,53,73],"evolutions":[4],"in":[5,16,35,69,92,114,127,198],"IoT":[6],"services":[7,29,57,64,91],"resulting":[8],"from":[9,47],"sensoring":[10],"by":[11,55,87,170],"vehicle":[12,66],"parts":[13],"and":[14,62,108,177,183,212],"advances":[15],"small":[17],"communication":[18],"technology":[19],"devices,":[20],"have":[21],"significantly":[22],"impacted":[23],"the":[24,82,93,98,115,121,135,152,210],"mass":[25],"spread":[26],"of":[27,37,84,139,151,173],"mobility":[28,71,90,95],"that":[30,79,162],"are":[31,44,75,167,181,196],"provided":[32],"to":[33,101,133,160,185,188,208],"users":[34,88],"need":[36],"limited":[38],"resources.":[39,165],"In":[40],"particular,":[41],"business":[42],"models":[43],"progressing":[45],"away":[46],"one-off":[48],"costs":[49],"towards":[50],"longer-term":[51],"costs,":[52],"represented":[54],"shared":[56,70],"utilizing":[58],"kick-boards":[59],"or":[60],"bicycles":[61],"subscription":[63],"for":[65,77,124],"software.":[67],"Advances":[68],"services,":[72],"described,":[74],"calling":[76],"solutions":[78],"can":[80],"enhance":[81],"reliability":[83],"data":[85],"aggregated":[86],"leveraging":[89],"next-generation":[94],"areas.":[96],"However,":[97],"mining":[99,122,153],"process":[100,123,137],"renew":[102],"status":[103],"ensures":[104],"continued":[105],"network":[106],"communication,":[107],"block":[109,117,147,157,200],"creation":[110,148,158],"demands":[111],"high":[112],"performance":[113],"public":[116,128,140],"chain.":[118],"Therefore,":[119],"easing":[120],"state":[125],"updates":[126],"blockchains":[129],"is":[130],"a":[131,171,190],"way":[132],"alleviate":[134],"high-performance":[136],"requirements":[138],"blockchains.":[141],"The":[142],"proposed":[143],"mechanism":[144],"assigns":[145],"token-based":[146],"authority":[149,159],"instead":[150],"method,":[154],"which":[155],"provides":[156],"nodes":[161,187],"provide":[163],"many":[164],"Blocks":[166],"created":[168],"only":[169],"group":[172],"participants":[174],"with":[175],"tokens,":[176],"after":[178,201],"creation,":[179,204],"tokens":[180,195,211],"updated":[182,197],"delivered":[184],"new":[186,191],"form":[189],"token":[192],"group.":[193],"Additionally,":[194],"each":[199],"their":[202],"initial":[203],"making":[205],"it":[206],"difficult":[207],"disguise":[209],"preventing":[213],"resource-centered":[214],"centralization.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
