{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386879222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23187998","title":"Design of A High-Precision Component-Type Vertical Pendulum Tiltmeter Based on FPGA","display_name":"Design of A High-Precision Component-Type Vertical Pendulum Tiltmeter Based on FPGA","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386879222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23187998","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37766052"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23187998","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23187998","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/18/7998/pdf?version=1695260260","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/18/7998/pdf?version=1695260260","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013304323","display_name":"Xin Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8315-8289"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086405","display_name":"National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/00wksha49","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China","School of Emergency Management Science and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Emergency Management Science and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101646930","display_name":"Zheng Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086405","display_name":"National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/00wksha49","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101684590","display_name":"Hong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7614-3484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086405","display_name":"National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/00wksha49","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022771858","display_name":"Shigui Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8796-5098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086405","display_name":"National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/00wksha49","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shigui Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059401917","display_name":"Liheng Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2649-2096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086405","display_name":"National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/00wksha49","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liheng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100350661","display_name":"Wenbo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7248-4807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086405","display_name":"National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/00wksha49","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenbo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004253092","display_name":"Yunkai Dong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086405","display_name":"National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/00wksha49","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunkai Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019041796","display_name":"Weiwei Zhan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086405","display_name":"National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/00wksha49","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiwei Zhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Natural Hazards, Beijing 100085, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101646930"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086405"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.0663,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73569964,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"18","first_page":"7998","last_page":"7998"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11757","display_name":"Seismic Waves and Analysis","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11757","display_name":"Seismic Waves and Analysis","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13885","display_name":"Geophysics and Sensor Technology","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12300","display_name":"Advanced Electrical Measurement Techniques","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tiltmeter","display_name":"Tiltmeter","score":0.7450251579284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.6717585325241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pendulum","display_name":"Pendulum","score":0.5749549269676208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.54189133644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tilt-sensor","display_name":"Tilt sensor","score":0.5047534704208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4628995656967163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverted-pendulum","display_name":"Inverted pendulum","score":0.43273022770881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3955228924751282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.37606221437454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3447650372982025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.30958056449890137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.17731550335884094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.10558682680130005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09420609474182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09141835570335388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21054061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3528565","display_name":"Tiltmeter","level":3,"score":0.7450251579284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.6717585325241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110639684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20702","display_name":"Pendulum","level":2,"score":0.5749549269676208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.54189133644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32688793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827664","display_name":"Tilt sensor","level":3,"score":0.5047534704208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4628995656967163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192921069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550134","display_name":"Inverted pendulum","level":3,"score":0.43273022770881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3955228924751282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.37606221437454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3447650372982025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.30958056449890137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.17731550335884094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.10558682680130005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09420609474182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09141835570335388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23187998","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23187998","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/18/7998/pdf?version=1695260260","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37766052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37766052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10535839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10535839","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10535839/pdf/sensors-23-07998.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e07074d0a5064123888edc1b341d8739","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e07074d0a5064123888edc1b341d8739","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 18, p 7998 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23187998","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23187998","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/18/7998/pdf?version=1695260260","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2413302316","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41874211","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336480","display_name":"Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China Earthquake Administration","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386879222.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991105225","https://openalex.org/W1993515991","https://openalex.org/W1994466028","https://openalex.org/W2021352207","https://openalex.org/W2027931790","https://openalex.org/W2066373081","https://openalex.org/W2109917268","https://openalex.org/W2367896892","https://openalex.org/W2372503032","https://openalex.org/W2382538940","https://openalex.org/W2391077390","https://openalex.org/W2527781222","https://openalex.org/W2558516114","https://openalex.org/W2947058501","https://openalex.org/W3174339523","https://openalex.org/W4296051962","https://openalex.org/W4385614819","https://openalex.org/W6983743866"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2044663090","https://openalex.org/W2793249208","https://openalex.org/W2391312003","https://openalex.org/W3094426418","https://openalex.org/W2373066471","https://openalex.org/W1508811950","https://openalex.org/W4366380722","https://openalex.org/W4242322018","https://openalex.org/W2380210889","https://openalex.org/W4386879222"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,138],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,44,47,50,56,60,72,92,97,102,107,116],"high-precision":[4],"component-type":[5],"vertical":[6,76],"pendulum":[7,45,69,77],"tiltmeter":[8,177],"based":[9],"on":[10,91],"an":[11,64],"FPGA":[12,65,133],"(Field":[13],"Programmable":[14],"Gate":[15],"Array)":[16],"that":[17],"improves":[18],"the":[19,122,169],"utility":[20],"and":[21,36,39,53,63,99,132,143,165],"reliability":[22],"of":[23,79,110,163],"geophysical":[24],"field":[25],"tilt":[26,82],"observation":[27],"instruments.":[28],"The":[29,68,113,148,175],"system":[30,114,149],"is":[31,71,89],"designed":[32],"for":[33,155,171,181],"rapid":[34,166],"deployment":[35,167],"offers":[37],"flexible":[38,156],"efficient":[40],"adaptability.":[41],"It":[42,88],"comprises":[43],"body,":[46],"triangular":[48,93],"platform,":[49,94],"locking":[51,103],"motor":[52,104],"sealing":[54],"cover,":[55],"ratiometric":[57],"measurement":[58,123,157],"bridge,":[59],"high-speed":[61,129],"ADC,":[62],"embedded":[66],"system.":[67],"body":[70],"plumb-bob-type":[73],"single-suspension":[74],"wire":[75],"capable":[78],"measuring":[80],"ground":[81],"in":[83,121,184],"two":[84],"orthogonal":[85],"directions":[86],"simultaneously.":[87],"installed":[90],"sealed":[95],"as":[96],"whole,":[98],"equipped":[100],"with":[101,128],"to":[105],"withstand":[106],"free-fall":[108],"impact":[109],"2":[111],"m.":[112],"utilizes":[115],"differential":[117],"capacitance":[118],"ratio":[119],"bridge":[120],"circuit,":[124],"replacing":[125],"analog":[126],"circuits":[127],"AD":[130],"sampling":[131],"digital":[134],"signal":[135],"processing":[136],"technology.":[137],"approach":[139],"reduces":[140],"hardware":[141],"expenses":[142],"interferences":[144],"from":[145],"active":[146],"devices.":[147],"also":[150],"features":[151],"online":[152],"compilation":[153],"functionality":[154],"parameter":[158],"settings,":[159],"high":[160],"reliability,":[161],"ease":[162],"use,":[164],"without":[168],"need":[170],"professional":[172],"technical":[173],"personnel.":[174],"proposed":[176],"holds":[178],"significant":[179],"importance":[180],"further":[182],"research":[183],"geophysics.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
