{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4384343170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23146392","title":"A New Monitoring Technology for Bearing Fault Detection in High-Speed Trains","display_name":"A New Monitoring Technology for Bearing Fault Detection in High-Speed Trains","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4384343170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23146392","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37514687"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23146392","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23146392","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/14/6392/pdf?version=1689317738","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/14/6392/pdf?version=1689317738","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055086400","display_name":"Sitong Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2602-4540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143413998","display_name":"Qingdao University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041j8js14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sitong Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Electronic Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2602-4540","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Electronic Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100394015","display_name":"Sheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3698-2806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143413998","display_name":"Qingdao University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041j8js14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Electronic Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Electronic Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101408107","display_name":"Wilson Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3304-0776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72541430","display_name":"Lakehead University","ror":"https://ror.org/023p7mg82","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wilson Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3304-0776","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055086400"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":0.4637,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56636696,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"14","first_page":"6392","last_page":"6392"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10842","display_name":"Railway Engineering and Dynamics","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11062","display_name":"Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bearing","display_name":"Bearing (navigation)","score":0.8131524920463562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.6650142669677734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vibration","display_name":"Vibration","score":0.6026573181152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5530734658241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.5202449560165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/envelope","display_name":"Envelope (radar)","score":0.5029808878898621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.4905957281589508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/envelope-detector","display_name":"Envelope detector","score":0.48609042167663574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modal","display_name":"Modal","score":0.48379820585250854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4603123664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/train","display_name":"Train","score":0.4431172311306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.43948233127593994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modal-analysis","display_name":"Modal analysis","score":0.4172684848308563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3250701427459717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3184458613395691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2612980008125305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.07488322257995605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.06470906734466553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06376314163208008}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199978012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273815","display_name":"Bearing (navigation)","level":2,"score":0.8131524920463562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6650142669677734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198394728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3695508","display_name":"Vibration","level":2,"score":0.6026573181152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5530734658241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.5202449560165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65155139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380912","display_name":"Envelope (radar)","level":3,"score":0.5029808878898621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.4905957281589508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95676537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1652250","display_name":"Envelope detector","level":4,"score":0.48609042167663574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71139939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.48379820585250854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4603123664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190839683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2448197","display_name":"Train","level":2,"score":0.4431172311306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.43948233127593994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104286136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416137","display_name":"Modal analysis","level":3,"score":0.4172684848308563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3250701427459717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3184458613395691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2612980008125305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.07488322257995605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.06470906734466553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06376314163208008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23146392","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23146392","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/14/6392/pdf?version=1689317738","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37514687","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37514687","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10385460","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10385460","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10385460/pdf/sensors-23-06392.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0b7a9a15e5224a46881f63dee3ccf5ce","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0b7a9a15e5224a46881f63dee3ccf5ce","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 14, p 6392 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/14/6392/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23146392","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 14; Pages: 6392","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23146392","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23146392","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/14/6392/pdf?version=1689317738","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4384343170.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2910872529","https://openalex.org/W2912736148","https://openalex.org/W2913124668","https://openalex.org/W2919670220","https://openalex.org/W2945027395","https://openalex.org/W2946588144","https://openalex.org/W2947142503","https://openalex.org/W2967036568","https://openalex.org/W2973209292","https://openalex.org/W2989458675","https://openalex.org/W3022604663","https://openalex.org/W3037772999","https://openalex.org/W3040237876","https://openalex.org/W3041016892","https://openalex.org/W3048349609","https://openalex.org/W3080949152","https://openalex.org/W3094594436","https://openalex.org/W3094645401","https://openalex.org/W3114580462","https://openalex.org/W3124898479","https://openalex.org/W3162184805","https://openalex.org/W3197358107","https://openalex.org/W3197941026","https://openalex.org/W3213908205","https://openalex.org/W3214670965","https://openalex.org/W4211135803","https://openalex.org/W4225986653","https://openalex.org/W4281857428","https://openalex.org/W4301398954","https://openalex.org/W4308308870","https://openalex.org/W4318218690","https://openalex.org/W4318485949","https://openalex.org/W4372214969","https://openalex.org/W6780708611","https://openalex.org/W6848972225"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W218750754","https://openalex.org/W10254331","https://openalex.org/W1977098173","https://openalex.org/W2114310652","https://openalex.org/W2116544146","https://openalex.org/W2371462043","https://openalex.org/W4387006066","https://openalex.org/W2030528948","https://openalex.org/W2734859248","https://openalex.org/W2424423710"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"a":[3,17,32],"new":[4,33],"monitoring":[5],"system":[6,20],"is":[7,21,39,59,77,92,114],"developed":[8,22],"for":[9,41,86],"bearing":[10,42,90,96,122],"fault":[11,43,91,111],"detection":[12,112],"in":[13],"high-speed":[14],"trains.":[15],"Firstly,":[16],"data":[18],"acquisition":[19],"to":[23,66,79,120],"collect":[24],"vibration":[25,57],"and":[26,81],"other":[27],"related":[28],"signals":[29],"wirelessly.":[30],"Secondly,":[31],"multiple":[34],"correlation":[35],"analysis":[36],"(MCA)":[37],"technique":[38,47,113],"proposed":[40,109],"detection.":[44],"The":[45,105],"MCA":[46,76,110],"consists":[48],"of":[49,107],"the":[50,55,68,75,83,101,108],"three":[51],"processing":[52],"steps:":[53],"(1)":[54],"collected":[56],"signal":[58,87],"decomposed":[60],"by":[61,94,116],"variational":[62],"modal":[63],"decomposition":[64],"(VMD)":[65],"formulate":[67],"representative":[69],"intrinsic":[70],"mode":[71],"functions":[72],"(IMFs);":[73],"(2)":[74],"used":[78],"process":[80],"identify":[82],"characteristic":[84,97],"features":[85],"analysis;":[88],"(3)":[89],"diagnosed":[93],"examining":[95],"frequency":[98],"information":[99],"on":[100],"envelope":[102],"power":[103],"spectrum.":[104],"effectiveness":[106],"verified":[115],"experimental":[117],"tests":[118],"corresponding":[119],"different":[121],"conditions.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
