{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4383262436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23136141","title":"A Model for Urban Environment Instance Segmentation with Data Fusion","display_name":"A Model for Urban Environment Instance Segmentation with Data Fusion","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4383262436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23136141","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37447990"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23136141","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23136141","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/13/6141/pdf?version=1688469923","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/13/6141/pdf?version=1688469923","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069215182","display_name":"Kaiyue Du","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106645853","display_name":"Changchun University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/007mntk44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106645853"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaiyue Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106645853"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014595844","display_name":"Jin Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4672-0567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106645853","display_name":"Changchun University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/007mntk44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106645853"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106645853"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103193126","display_name":"Xin Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0601-517X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106645853","display_name":"Changchun University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/007mntk44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106645853"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106645853"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101639497","display_name":"Shifeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1626-4698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106645853","display_name":"Changchun University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/007mntk44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106645853"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shifeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China","Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528400, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106645853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528400, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106645853"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031870192","display_name":"Jinhua Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8356-4770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106645853","display_name":"Changchun University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/007mntk44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106645853"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinhua Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106645853"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031870192","https://openalex.org/A5101639497"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106645853"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.374,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55979189,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"13","first_page":"6141","last_page":"6141"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7179195284843445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6220778226852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6033036708831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5420076251029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-random-field","display_name":"Markov random field","score":0.5307286381721497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.5227565765380859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.47904789447784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.46714019775390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4588431119918823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4404481053352356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4252031147480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.3994986414909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.37575143575668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3611867427825928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12966877222061157}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7179195284843445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6220778226852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6033036708831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5420076251029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778045648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176827","display_name":"Markov random field","level":4,"score":0.5307286381721497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.5227565765380859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.47904789447784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.46714019775390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4588431119918823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4404481053352356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4252031147480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.3994986414909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.37575143575668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3611867427825928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12966877222061157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23136141","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23136141","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/13/6141/pdf?version=1688469923","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37447990","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37447990","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10346719","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10346719","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10346719/pdf/sensors-23-06141.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5b4cbc9caf054328a4c73823df76c999","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5b4cbc9caf054328a4c73823df76c999","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 13, p 6141 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/13/6141/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23136141","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 13; Pages: 6141","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23136141","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23136141","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/13/6141/pdf?version=1688469923","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1428633970","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"D21009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","funder_display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4101783630","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"D17017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","funder_display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322174","display_name":"People's Government of Jilin Province","ror":"https://ror.org/02fzqav45"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4383262436.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022686119","https://openalex.org/W2115579991","https://openalex.org/W2164500538","https://openalex.org/W2280716342","https://openalex.org/W2914845116","https://openalex.org/W2970666303","https://openalex.org/W2981793666","https://openalex.org/W2992651572","https://openalex.org/W2995182785","https://openalex.org/W3034430142","https://openalex.org/W3035429765","https://openalex.org/W3035750252","https://openalex.org/W3039448353","https://openalex.org/W3168181468","https://openalex.org/W3169204947","https://openalex.org/W3193389705","https://openalex.org/W3195354427","https://openalex.org/W4200412139","https://openalex.org/W4205445494","https://openalex.org/W4206511844","https://openalex.org/W4210268491","https://openalex.org/W4220935190","https://openalex.org/W4225988094","https://openalex.org/W4285120394","https://openalex.org/W4307655507","https://openalex.org/W4313584421","https://openalex.org/W4363675912","https://openalex.org/W4382450230","https://openalex.org/W4382788386","https://openalex.org/W4385301175","https://openalex.org/W4389665673","https://openalex.org/W6846119891"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4379231730","https://openalex.org/W4389858081","https://openalex.org/W4233585817","https://openalex.org/W1522196789","https://openalex.org/W2016045932","https://openalex.org/W1675950995","https://openalex.org/W2188882668","https://openalex.org/W2086619084","https://openalex.org/W2004379491","https://openalex.org/W2083140487"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fine-grained":[0],"urban":[1,104],"environment":[2,15,145],"instance":[3,100,166,188],"segmentation":[4,101,189],"is":[5,120,182],"a":[6,24,121,147,183],"fundamental":[7],"and":[8,32,41,56,95,99,132,152,177,181,186],"important":[9],"task":[10],"in":[11,117,143],"the":[12,37,42,45,53,61,66,76,82,85,88,96,110,124,133,139,144,154,160],"field":[13],"of":[14,39,44,87,90,102,127,141,150,159,163],"perception":[16],"for":[17,123],"autonomous":[18],"vehicles.":[19],"To":[20],"address":[21],"this":[22,118],"goal,":[23],"model":[25,46,83,170],"was":[26,47],"designed":[27,135],"with":[28,84,146],"LiDAR":[29],"pointcloud":[30],"data":[31,35,54,128],"camera":[33],"image":[34],"as":[36],"subject":[38],"study,":[40],"reliability":[43],"enhanced":[48],"using":[49],"dual":[50,114],"fusion":[51,115,126],"at":[52],"level":[55],"feature":[57],"level.":[58],"By":[59],"introducing":[60],"Markov":[62],"Random":[63],"Field":[64],"algorithm,":[65],"Support":[67],"Vector":[68],"Machine":[69],"classification":[70,98,148],"results":[71],"were":[72,106],"optimized":[73],"according":[74],"to":[75],"spatial":[77],"contextual":[78],"linkage":[79],"while":[80],"providing":[81],"prerequisite":[86],"differentiation":[89],"similar":[91],"but":[92],"foreign":[93],"objects,":[94],"object":[97],"3D":[103],"environments":[105],"completed":[107],"by":[108],"combining":[109],"Mean":[111],"Shift.":[112],"The":[113],"approach":[116],"paper":[119],"method":[122],"deeper":[125],"from":[129],"different":[130,155],"sources,":[131],"model,":[134],"more":[136],"accurately,":[137],"describes":[138],"categories":[140],"items":[142],"accuracy":[149],"99.3%,":[151],"segments":[153],"individuals":[156],"into":[157],"groups":[158],"same":[161],"kind":[162],"objects":[164],"without":[165],"labels.":[167],"Moreover,":[168],"our":[169],"does":[171],"not":[172],"have":[173],"high":[174],"computational":[175],"resource":[176],"time":[178],"cost":[179],"requirements,":[180],"lightweight,":[184],"efficient,":[185],"accurate":[187],"model.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-14T08:43:22.919905","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
