{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4380686259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23125547","title":"Traceable Security-by-Design Decisions for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) by Means of Function-Based Diagrams and Security Libraries","display_name":"Traceable Security-by-Design Decisions for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) by Means of Function-Based Diagrams and Security Libraries","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4380686259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23125547","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37420712"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23125547","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23125547","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/12/5547/pdf?version=1686710086","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/12/5547/pdf?version=1686710086","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043141886","display_name":"Sarah Fluchs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4730-0126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190134885","display_name":"Helmut Schmidt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04e8jbs38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190134885"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157642","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/056qj1t15","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157642","https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Fluchs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, Helmut-Schmidt-University, 22043 Hamburg, Germany","admeritia GmbH, 40764 Langenfeld (Rheinland), Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4730-0126","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, Helmut-Schmidt-University, 22043 Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190134885","https://openalex.org/I4210157642"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"admeritia GmbH, 40764 Langenfeld (Rheinland), Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076035404","display_name":"Emre Ta\u015ftan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27469343","display_name":"Pforzheim University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00qakfc35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27469343"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emre Ta\u015ftan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Technology, Pforzheim University, 75175 Pforzheim, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology, Pforzheim University, 75175 Pforzheim, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27469343"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092171657","display_name":"Tobias Trumpf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8000-7607"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Trumpf","raw_affiliation_strings":["HIMA Paul Hildebrandt GmbH, 68782 Br\u00fchl, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8000-7607","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HIMA Paul Hildebrandt GmbH, 68782 Br\u00fchl, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072213484","display_name":"Alexander Horch","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Horch","raw_affiliation_strings":["HIMA Paul Hildebrandt GmbH, 68782 Br\u00fchl, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HIMA Paul Hildebrandt GmbH, 68782 Br\u00fchl, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078606542","display_name":"Rainer Drath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1238-2571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27469343","display_name":"Pforzheim University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00qakfc35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27469343"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rainer Drath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Technology, Pforzheim University, 75175 Pforzheim, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology, Pforzheim University, 75175 Pforzheim, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27469343"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016841027","display_name":"Alexander Fay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1922-654X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190134885","display_name":"Helmut Schmidt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04e8jbs38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190134885"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157642","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/056qj1t15","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157642","https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Fay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, Helmut-Schmidt-University, 22043 Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1922-654X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, Helmut-Schmidt-University, 22043 Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190134885","https://openalex.org/I4210157642"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043141886"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190134885","https://openalex.org/I4210157642"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":1.2789,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75512996,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"12","first_page":"5547","last_page":"5547"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13295","display_name":"Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13295","display_name":"Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11741","display_name":"Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems","score":0.972599983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6837996244430542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-testing","display_name":"Security testing","score":0.6457020044326782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-engineering","display_name":"Security engineering","score":0.6162373423576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security-model","display_name":"Computer security model","score":0.614126443862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5973544120788574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-information-and-event-management","display_name":"Security information and event management","score":0.5933632850646973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-through-obscurity","display_name":"Security through obscurity","score":0.5852761268615723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-service","display_name":"Security service","score":0.5540091395378113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5457072854042053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-security-assurance","display_name":"Software security assurance","score":0.5357828140258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.5184226036071777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-controls","display_name":"Security controls","score":0.5090462565422058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing-security","display_name":"Cloud computing security","score":0.507417619228363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.46691516041755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.43842944502830505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system-security","display_name":"Control system security","score":0.43557021021842957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-security","display_name":"Physical security","score":0.4285888373851776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.3986094295978546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.36984527111053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-security","display_name":"Information security","score":0.2837938070297241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2744216322898865}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6837996244430542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195518309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13424265","display_name":"Security testing","level":5,"score":0.6457020044326782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13159133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q365674","display_name":"Security engineering","level":5,"score":0.6162373423576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121822524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157582","display_name":"Computer security model","level":2,"score":0.614126443862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5973544120788574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103377522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493999","display_name":"Security information and event management","level":4,"score":0.5933632850646973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114869243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133735","display_name":"Security through obscurity","level":5,"score":0.5852761268615723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29983905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445066","display_name":"Security service","level":3,"score":0.5540091395378113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5457072854042053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62913178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554361","display_name":"Software security assurance","level":4,"score":0.5357828140258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.5184226036071777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178148461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1632136","display_name":"Security controls","level":3,"score":0.5090462565422058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.507417619228363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.46691516041755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.43842944502830505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172862783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165888","display_name":"Control system security","level":5,"score":0.43557021021842957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776157020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851598","display_name":"Physical security","level":2,"score":0.4285888373851776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3986094295978546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.36984527111053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.2837938070297241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2744216322898865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004738","descriptor_name":"Engineering","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23125547","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23125547","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/12/5547/pdf?version=1686710086","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37420712","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37420712","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10301087","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10301087","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10301087/pdf/sensors-23-05547.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e56a058b61f44e5f96674ca9451a2044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e56a058b61f44e5f96674ca9451a2044","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 12, p 5547 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/12/5547/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23125547","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 12; Pages: 5547","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23125547","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23125547","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/12/5547/pdf?version=1686710086","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8251459170","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16KIS1269K","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4380686259.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5506016","https://openalex.org/W49973284","https://openalex.org/W1990100773","https://openalex.org/W2007581502","https://openalex.org/W2021425484","https://openalex.org/W2059693912","https://openalex.org/W2069506214","https://openalex.org/W2100468547","https://openalex.org/W2104049150","https://openalex.org/W2110143060","https://openalex.org/W2131060714","https://openalex.org/W2131730994","https://openalex.org/W2134207926","https://openalex.org/W2146863076","https://openalex.org/W2158572645","https://openalex.org/W2171113940","https://openalex.org/W2289651665","https://openalex.org/W2295860953","https://openalex.org/W2609434530","https://openalex.org/W2742164041","https://openalex.org/W2769331426","https://openalex.org/W2954637328","https://openalex.org/W2969298920","https://openalex.org/W2995242061","https://openalex.org/W3094320230","https://openalex.org/W4235570165","https://openalex.org/W4254289954","https://openalex.org/W4297237862","https://openalex.org/W4310970981","https://openalex.org/W4311646472","https://openalex.org/W4317496132","https://openalex.org/W6696681382"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W110733897","https://openalex.org/W2013238834","https://openalex.org/W1661835657","https://openalex.org/W4230385779","https://openalex.org/W1811024770","https://openalex.org/W2299494954","https://openalex.org/W2940646603","https://openalex.org/W2123251735","https://openalex.org/W1997297801","https://openalex.org/W4380686259"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\"Security":[0],"by":[1,197],"design\"":[2],"is":[3,45,123,168],"the":[4,20,28,66,97,130,138,142,185],"term":[5],"for":[6,24,47,71,132],"shifting":[7],"cybersecurity":[8],"considerations":[9],"from":[10],"a":[11,42,100,120,126,194],"system's":[12],"end":[13,21],"users":[14],"to":[15,35,83,86,146,172,177,193],"its":[16],"engineers.":[17,180],"To":[18],"reduce":[19],"users'":[22],"workload":[23],"addressing":[25],"security":[26,32,67,72,91,114,150,164,196],"during":[27,38],"systems":[29,54,61],"operation":[30],"phase,":[31],"decisions":[33,76,92,151,187],"need":[34],"be":[36],"made":[37,156],"engineering,":[39],"and":[40,89,112,137,148,159,161],"in":[41,79,125,199],"way":[43],"that":[44,141,183],"traceable":[46],"third":[48],"parties.":[49],"However,":[50],"engineers":[51,145],"of":[52,96,102,109],"cyber-physical":[53],"(CPSs)":[55],"or,":[56],"more":[57,189],"specifically,":[58],"industrial":[59],"control":[60],"(ICSs)":[62],"typically":[63],"neither":[64],"have":[65,155],"expertise":[68],"nor":[69],"time":[70],"engineering.":[73],"The":[74,116,166],"security-by-design":[75,186],"method":[77,98,143,167],"presented":[78],"this":[80],"work":[81],"aims":[82],"enable":[84],"them":[85],"identify,":[87],"make,":[88],"substantiate":[90],"autonomously.":[93],"Core":[94],"features":[95],"are":[99],"set":[101],"function-based":[103],"diagrams":[104],"as":[105,107,119],"well":[106,170],"libraries":[108],"typical":[110],"functions":[111],"their":[113],"parameters.":[115],"method,":[117,188],"implemented":[118],"software":[121],"demonstrator,":[122],"validated":[124],"case":[127],"study":[128],"with":[129,162,184],"specialist":[131],"safety-related":[133],"automation":[134],"solutions":[135],"HIMA,":[136],"results":[139],"show":[140],"enables":[144],"identify":[147],"make":[149,173],"they":[152],"may":[153],"not":[154],"(consciously)":[157],"otherwise,":[158],"quickly":[160],"little":[163],"expertise.":[165],"also":[169],"suited":[171],"security-decision-making":[174],"knowledge":[175],"available":[176],"less":[178,200],"experienced":[179],"This":[181],"means":[182],"people":[190],"can":[191],"contribute":[192],"CPS's":[195],"design":[198],"time.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
