{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4380626921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23125524","title":"Cloud and Precipitation Profiling Radars: The First Combined W- and K-Band Radar Profiler Measurements in Italy","display_name":"Cloud and Precipitation Profiling Radars: The First Combined W- and K-Band Radar Profiler Measurements in Italy","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4380626921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23125524","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37420691"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23125524","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23125524","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/12/5524/pdf?version=1686646354","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/12/5524/pdf?version=1686646354","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071120785","display_name":"Mario Montopoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0099-0393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096500","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate","ror":"https://ror.org/00n8ttd98","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096500","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Montopoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), 00133 Rome, Italy","Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L'Aquila, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0099-0393","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), 00133 Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096500","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061752301","display_name":"Alessandro Bracci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7047-6213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096500","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate","ror":"https://ror.org/00n8ttd98","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096500","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Bracci","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), 00133 Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7047-6213","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), 00133 Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096500","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008027689","display_name":"Elisa Adirosi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9500-5004"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096500","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate","ror":"https://ror.org/00n8ttd98","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096500","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elisa Adirosi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), 00133 Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9500-5004","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), 00133 Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096500","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104129256","display_name":"Marco Iarlori","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Iarlori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences (DSFC), University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L'Aquila, Italy","Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences (DSFC), University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences (DSFC), University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences (DSFC), University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032262495","display_name":"Saverio Di Fabio","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saverio Di Fabio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L'Aquila, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059953780","display_name":"Raffaele Lidori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2509-6777"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raffaele Lidori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L'Aquila, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2509-6777","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082859855","display_name":"Andrea Balotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4584-6658"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Balotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences (DSFC), University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L'Aquila, Italy","Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences (DSFC), University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences (DSFC), University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences (DSFC), University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101613169","display_name":"Luca Baldini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5217-1205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096500","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate","ror":"https://ror.org/00n8ttd98","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096500","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luca Baldini","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), 00133 Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5217-1205","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), 00133 Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096500","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021104102","display_name":"V. Rizi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5277-6527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincenzo Rizi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences (DSFC), University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L'Aquila, Italy","Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences (DSFC), University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5277-6527","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences (DSFC), University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence Telesensing of Environment and Model Prediction of Severe Events (CETEMPS), 67100 L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences (DSFC), University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101613169"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096500","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.809,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69285522,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"12","first_page":"5524","last_page":"5524"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.7020516991615295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-precipitation-measurement","display_name":"Global Precipitation Measurement","score":0.6172479391098022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6112861037254333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6091057658195496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5805405974388123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.5672543048858643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.5571914911270142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5404033064842224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observatory","display_name":"Observatory","score":0.49163728952407837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-cover","display_name":"Cloud cover","score":0.44415271282196045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.26677119731903076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.26505276560783386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.18124595284461975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.16492187976837158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13606572151184082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13342446088790894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08918777108192444}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.7020516991615295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29278236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3108963","display_name":"Global Precipitation Measurement","level":3,"score":0.6172479391098022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6112861037254333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6091057658195496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5805405974388123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.5672543048858643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.5571914911270142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5404033064842224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779919027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62832","display_name":"Observatory","level":2,"score":0.49163728952407837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206887242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830457","display_name":"Cloud cover","level":3,"score":0.44415271282196045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26677119731903076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.26505276560783386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.18124595284461975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.16492187976837158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13606572151184082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13342446088790894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08918777108192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002170","descriptor_name":"Canada","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002170","descriptor_name":"Canada","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002170","descriptor_name":"Canada","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002170","descriptor_name":"Canada","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002980","descriptor_name":"Climate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002980","descriptor_name":"Climate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002980","descriptor_name":"Climate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002980","descriptor_name":"Climate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005060","descriptor_name":"Europe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005060","descriptor_name":"Europe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005060","descriptor_name":"Europe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005060","descriptor_name":"Europe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007558","descriptor_name":"Italy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007558","descriptor_name":"Italy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007558","descriptor_name":"Italy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007558","descriptor_name":"Italy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011825","descriptor_name":"Radar","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011825","descriptor_name":"Radar","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011825","descriptor_name":"Radar","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011825","descriptor_name":"Radar","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23125524","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23125524","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/12/5524/pdf?version=1686646354","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37420691","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37420691","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10304391","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10304391","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10304391/pdf/sensors-23-05524.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7bead2c79415490cb3a1ffd034469d02","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7bead2c79415490cb3a1ffd034469d02","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 12, p 5524 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/12/5524/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23125524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 12; Pages: 5524","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23125524","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23125524","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/12/5524/pdf?version=1686646354","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.5099999904632568}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6584743152","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PIR01_00015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","funder_display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7761450124","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CIR01_00015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","funder_display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","ror":"https://ror.org/0166hxq48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323718","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi dell'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4380626921.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553131258","https://openalex.org/W1677251393","https://openalex.org/W1941490994","https://openalex.org/W1998931384","https://openalex.org/W2009832723","https://openalex.org/W2013474065","https://openalex.org/W2016441211","https://openalex.org/W2023344297","https://openalex.org/W2024804552","https://openalex.org/W2028922516","https://openalex.org/W2035288973","https://openalex.org/W2036739017","https://openalex.org/W2043496753","https://openalex.org/W2048184102","https://openalex.org/W2052559311","https://openalex.org/W2052760356","https://openalex.org/W2053811834","https://openalex.org/W2072091687","https://openalex.org/W2074730769","https://openalex.org/W2079623052","https://openalex.org/W2080964149","https://openalex.org/W2085293516","https://openalex.org/W2087379029","https://openalex.org/W2096074640","https://openalex.org/W2099070716","https://openalex.org/W2102530845","https://openalex.org/W2103261689","https://openalex.org/W2112020841","https://openalex.org/W2117015927","https://openalex.org/W2122518875","https://openalex.org/W2125404460","https://openalex.org/W2135239023","https://openalex.org/W2136080519","https://openalex.org/W2144990333","https://openalex.org/W2147556379","https://openalex.org/W2156921036","https://openalex.org/W2157953388","https://openalex.org/W2162703778","https://openalex.org/W2175793036","https://openalex.org/W2177746725","https://openalex.org/W2179375492","https://openalex.org/W2179685473","https://openalex.org/W2252465257","https://openalex.org/W2326849668","https://openalex.org/W2486688200","https://openalex.org/W2504812441","https://openalex.org/W2536090453","https://openalex.org/W2581427070","https://openalex.org/W2588212210","https://openalex.org/W2613358945","https://openalex.org/W2617965785","https://openalex.org/W2768015081","https://openalex.org/W2794784856","https://openalex.org/W2889851161","https://openalex.org/W2894822314","https://openalex.org/W2899361914","https://openalex.org/W2899759533","https://openalex.org/W2900628606","https://openalex.org/W2905606168","https://openalex.org/W2946322246","https://openalex.org/W2960212920","https://openalex.org/W2972715463","https://openalex.org/W2974326309","https://openalex.org/W2981454149","https://openalex.org/W2995472016","https://openalex.org/W2998381107","https://openalex.org/W3005079443","https://openalex.org/W3008681929","https://openalex.org/W3020538848","https://openalex.org/W3089387206","https://openalex.org/W3112501384","https://openalex.org/W3119924896","https://openalex.org/W3134420013","https://openalex.org/W4200102439","https://openalex.org/W4220829787","https://openalex.org/W4221103633","https://openalex.org/W4280652968","https://openalex.org/W4286222134","https://openalex.org/W4292223746","https://openalex.org/W4295857313","https://openalex.org/W4296349963","https://openalex.org/W4296756980","https://openalex.org/W4309543292","https://openalex.org/W6685664813"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2357146953","https://openalex.org/W1554583116","https://openalex.org/W1852911463","https://openalex.org/W4379178153","https://openalex.org/W2075453317","https://openalex.org/W4289760565","https://openalex.org/W1567708575","https://openalex.org/W2188112161","https://openalex.org/W2771472586","https://openalex.org/W4321501105"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Clouds":[0],"cover":[1],"substantial":[2],"parts":[3],"of":[4,12,17,43,46,71,109,136,155,197,221],"the":[5,13,18,23,30,36,57,99,129,134,141,156,159,169,195,198,219],"Earth's":[6,24],"surface":[7],"and":[8,51,66,73,76,107,158,175,190,218,234,238,240],"they":[9],"are":[10,150],"one":[11],"most":[14],"essential":[15],"components":[16],"global":[19],"climate":[20,50],"system":[21],"impacting":[22],"radiation":[25],"balance":[26],"as":[27,29,38],"well":[28],"water":[31,34],"cycle":[32],"redistributing":[33],"around":[35],"globe":[37],"precipitation.":[39],"Therefore,":[40],"continuous":[41],"observation":[42],"clouds":[44,65,189],"is":[45,145],"primary":[47],"interest":[48],"in":[49,60,62,98,140,168,183,204,236],"hydrological":[52],"studies.":[53],"This":[54,179],"work":[55],"documents":[56],"first":[58],"efforts":[59],"Italy":[61],"remote":[63,177],"sensing":[64,188],"precipitation":[67,176],"using":[68,224],"a":[69,83,153,213],"combination":[70],"K-":[72],"W-band":[74,214],"(24":[75],"94":[77],"GHz,":[78,117],"respectively)":[79],"radar":[80,85,187,217],"profilers.":[81],"Such":[82],"dual-frequency":[84],"configuration":[86],"has":[87],"not":[88],"been":[89],"widely":[90],"used":[91],"yet,":[92],"but":[93],"it":[94],"could":[95],"catch":[96],"on":[97],"near":[100],"future":[101],"given":[102],"its":[103],"lower":[104],"initial":[105],"cost":[106],"ease":[108],"deployment":[110],"for":[111,186],"commercially":[112],"available":[113],"systems":[114],"at":[115,128,133],"24":[116],"with":[118],"respect":[119],"to":[120,172],"more":[121],"established":[122],"configurations.":[123],"A":[124],"field":[125],"campaign":[126,148],"running":[127],"Casale":[130],"Calore":[131],"observatory":[132],"University":[135],"L'Aquila,":[137],"Italy,":[138],"nestled":[139],"Apennine":[142],"mountain":[143],"range":[144],"described.":[146],"The":[147],"features":[149],"preceded":[151],"by":[152,194],"review":[154],"literature":[157],"underpinning":[160],"theoretical":[161],"background":[162],"that":[163],"might":[164],"help":[165],"newcomers,":[166],"especially":[167],"Italian":[170],"community,":[171],"approach":[173],"cloud":[174,216,225],"sensing.":[178],"activity":[180],"takes":[181],"place":[182],"interesting":[184],"time":[185],"precipitation,":[191],"stimulated":[192],"both":[193],"launch":[196],"ESA/JAXA":[199],"EarthCARE":[200],"satellite":[201],"missions":[202,223],"scheduled":[203],"2024,":[205],"which":[206],"will":[207],"have":[208],"on-board,":[209],"among":[210],"other":[211],"instruments,":[212],"Doppler":[215],"proposal":[220],"new":[222],"radars":[226],"currently":[227],"undergoing":[228],"their":[229],"feasibility":[230],"studies":[231],"(e.g.,":[232],"WIVERN":[233],"AOS":[235],"Europe":[237],"Canada,":[239],"U.S.,":[241],"respectively).":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}