{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4378906435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23115226","title":"A New NILM System Based on the SFRA Technique and Machine Learning","display_name":"A New NILM System Based on the SFRA Technique and Machine Learning","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4378906435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23115226","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37299953"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23115226","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23115226","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/11/5226/pdf?version=1685519262","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/11/5226/pdf?version=1685519262","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075699525","display_name":"Simone Mari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7227-2975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Simone Mari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell\u2019Informazione e di Economia, Universit\u00e0 dell\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell\u2019Informazione e di Economia, Universit\u00e0 dell\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035166375","display_name":"Giovanni Bucci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5605-1136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Bucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell\u2019Informazione e di Economia, Universit\u00e0 dell\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell\u2019Informazione e di Economia, Universit\u00e0 dell\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000206566","display_name":"Fabrizio Ciancetta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1676-5273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabrizio Ciancetta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell\u2019Informazione e di Economia, Universit\u00e0 dell\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell\u2019Informazione e di Economia, Universit\u00e0 dell\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036826718","display_name":"Edoardo Fiorucci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6244-5521"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edoardo Fiorucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell\u2019Informazione e di Economia, Universit\u00e0 dell\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell\u2019Informazione e di Economia, Universit\u00e0 dell\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035514588","display_name":"Andrea Fioravanti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5378-2558"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Fioravanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell\u2019Informazione e di Economia, Universit\u00e0 dell\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell\u2019Informazione e di Economia, Universit\u00e0 dell\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075699525"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.1841,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78165686,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"11","first_page":"5226","last_page":"5226"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12222","display_name":"IoT-based Smart Home Systems","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5873080492019653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-response","display_name":"Demand response","score":0.5627813339233398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.5147266387939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.469759464263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.45525750517845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4501495361328125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.40867793560028076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.37745752930641174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.36546775698661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.34668946266174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2300400733947754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.19519424438476562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.18166521191596985}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5873080492019653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Demand response","level":3,"score":0.5627813339233398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.5147266387939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.469759464263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.45525750517845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4501495361328125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.40867793560028076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.37745752930641174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.36546775698661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.34668946266174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2300400733947754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.19519424438476562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.18166521191596985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004560","descriptor_name":"Electricity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004560","descriptor_name":"Electricity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004560","descriptor_name":"Electricity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004560","descriptor_name":"Electricity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23115226","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23115226","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/11/5226/pdf?version=1685519262","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37299953","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37299953","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10256085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10256085","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10256085/pdf/sensors-23-05226.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dcf9ace461f849d5a3120bc724a0903f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dcf9ace461f849d5a3120bc724a0903f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 11, p 5226 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/11/5226/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23115226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 11; Pages: 5226","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23115226","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23115226","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/11/5226/pdf?version=1685519262","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4378906435.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W168840469","https://openalex.org/W1138573735","https://openalex.org/W1272474793","https://openalex.org/W1479651931","https://openalex.org/W1969541079","https://openalex.org/W1994682479","https://openalex.org/W2001377041","https://openalex.org/W2006478669","https://openalex.org/W2024850957","https://openalex.org/W2033513455","https://openalex.org/W2046862341","https://openalex.org/W2060073953","https://openalex.org/W2091455711","https://openalex.org/W2119046371","https://openalex.org/W2123070597","https://openalex.org/W2123910460","https://openalex.org/W2164577899","https://openalex.org/W2167985623","https://openalex.org/W2168029744","https://openalex.org/W2228938056","https://openalex.org/W2255051834","https://openalex.org/W2265570771","https://openalex.org/W2311800783","https://openalex.org/W2343090960","https://openalex.org/W2344234701","https://openalex.org/W2465583157","https://openalex.org/W2515519620","https://openalex.org/W2566211190","https://openalex.org/W2566212894","https://openalex.org/W2748625139","https://openalex.org/W2755492127","https://openalex.org/W2770861978","https://openalex.org/W2778405665","https://openalex.org/W2786746809","https://openalex.org/W2892068555","https://openalex.org/W2908535058","https://openalex.org/W2912669475","https://openalex.org/W2945815269","https://openalex.org/W2949252504","https://openalex.org/W2964330744","https://openalex.org/W2973378094","https://openalex.org/W3040665150","https://openalex.org/W3047962868","https://openalex.org/W3095472304","https://openalex.org/W3099873379","https://openalex.org/W3108378502","https://openalex.org/W3108696419","https://openalex.org/W3120674044","https://openalex.org/W3174723740","https://openalex.org/W3183479774","https://openalex.org/W3203113483","https://openalex.org/W3203623310","https://openalex.org/W4205404820","https://openalex.org/W4256038846","https://openalex.org/W4283764348","https://openalex.org/W6785719898"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169790708","https://openalex.org/W2342408980","https://openalex.org/W2405058345","https://openalex.org/W2183826775","https://openalex.org/W2127539200","https://openalex.org/W2124604342","https://openalex.org/W3211367855","https://openalex.org/W2159159552","https://openalex.org/W2084677180","https://openalex.org/W4316082289"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"traditional":[1],"nonintrusive":[2,78],"load":[3,41,89],"monitoring":[4,79,119],"(NILM)":[5],"systems,":[6,76],"the":[7,19,26,30,35,43,65,77,81,95,126,129,141,144,169,182],"measurement":[8,149],"device":[9],"is":[10,90,103,175],"installed":[11],"upstream":[12],"of":[13,48,68,80,87,94,122,128,143,168,184],"an":[14,115,134],"electrical":[15,32,135],"system":[16,120,150,170],"to":[17,39,56,106],"acquire":[18],"total":[20],"aggregate":[21],"absorbed":[22,28],"power":[23,82],"and":[24,46,72,117,178,206],"derive":[25],"powers":[27],"by":[29,133,147],"individual":[31],"loads.":[33],"Knowing":[34],"energy":[36],"consumption":[37,58],"related":[38],"each":[40],"makes":[42],"user":[44],"aware":[45],"capable":[47,121],"identifying":[49],"malfunctioning":[50],"or":[51,85],"less-efficient":[52],"loads":[53,131,196],"in":[54,171],"order":[55],"reduce":[57],"through":[59,158],"appropriate":[60],"corrective":[61],"actions.":[62],"To":[63],"meet":[64],"feedback":[66],"needs":[67],"modern":[69],"home,":[70],"energy,":[71],"assisted":[73],"environment":[74],"management":[75],"status":[83,127],"(ON":[84],"OFF)":[86],"a":[88,148,159],"often":[91],"required,":[92],"regardless":[93],"information":[96,124],"associated":[97],"with":[98,197],"its":[99,172],"consumption.":[100],"This":[101,112],"parameter":[102],"not":[104],"easy":[105],"obtain":[107],"from":[108],"common":[109],"NILM":[110],"systems.":[111],"article":[113],"proposes":[114],"inexpensive":[116],"easy-to-install":[118],"providing":[123],"on":[125,152,181,194],"various":[130],"powered":[132],"system.":[136],"The":[137,165,200],"proposed":[138],"technique":[139],"involves":[140],"processing":[142],"traces":[145],"obtained":[146,203],"based":[151],"Sweep":[153],"Frequency":[154],"Response":[155],"Analysis":[156],"(SFRA)":[157],"Support":[160],"Vector":[161],"Machine":[162],"(SVM)":[163],"algorithm.":[164],"overall":[166],"accuracy":[167],"final":[173],"configuration":[174],"between":[176],"94%":[177],"99%,":[179],"depending":[180],"amount":[183],"data":[185],"used":[186],"for":[187],"training.":[188],"Numerous":[189],"tests":[190],"have":[191],"been":[192],"conducted":[193],"many":[195],"different":[198],"characteristics.":[199],"positive":[201],"results":[202],"are":[204],"illustrated":[205],"commented":[207],"on.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}