{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4363647948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23083809","title":"Gait-CNN-ViT: Multi-Model Gait Recognition with Convolutional Neural Networks and Vision Transformer","display_name":"Gait-CNN-ViT: Multi-Model Gait Recognition with Convolutional Neural Networks and Vision Transformer","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4363647948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23083809","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37112147"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23083809","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23083809","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/8/3809/pdf?version=1680866288","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/8/3809/pdf?version=1680866288","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018704343","display_name":"Jashila Nair Mogan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7873-0033"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jashila Nair Mogan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka 75450, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7873-0033","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka 75450, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086127398","display_name":"Chin Poo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3679-8977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chin Poo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka 75450, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3679-8977","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka 75450, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017532046","display_name":"Kian Ming Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1929-7978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kian Ming Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka 75450, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1929-7978","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka 75450, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000446502","display_name":"Mohammed Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5908-4013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5908-4013","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010388353","display_name":"Ali Alqahtani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1052-2657"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Alqahtani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence (CAI), King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia","Department of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1052-2657","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence (CAI), King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086127398"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":5.2174,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96546383,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"8","first_page":"3809","last_page":"3809"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9754999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9629999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait","display_name":"Gait","score":0.7150310277938843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7062998414039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.653734028339386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5967519283294678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5182652473449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encode","display_name":"ENCODE","score":0.47753775119781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.4618228077888489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.40916362404823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21028906106948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.1846109926700592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.058962076902389526}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151800584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370000","display_name":"Gait","level":2,"score":0.7150310277938843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7062998414039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.653734028339386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5967519283294678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5182652473449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66746571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134833","display_name":"ENCODE","level":3,"score":0.47753775119781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.4618228077888489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.40916362404823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21028906106948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.1846109926700592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.058962076902389526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005684","descriptor_name":"Gait","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23083809","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23083809","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/8/3809/pdf?version=1680866288","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37112147","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37112147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:shdl.mmu.edu.my:11443","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196753","display_name":"Siti Hasmah Digital Library-MMU Institutiona Repository (Multimedia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","host_organization_name":"Multimedia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"NonPeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10143319","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10143319","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10143319/pdf/sensors-23-03809.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f1205c9b0c7347b0bda08b902378e3f4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f1205c9b0c7347b0bda08b902378e3f4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 8, p 3809 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/8/3809/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23083809","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 8; Pages: 3809","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23083809","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23083809","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/8/3809/pdf?version=1680866288","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2310347874","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MMUI/220021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313202","funder_display_name":"Multimedia University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4344533779","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FRGS/1/2021/ICT02/MMU/02/4","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313202","funder_display_name":"Multimedia University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G456486682","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGP1/357/43","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321709","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5388085416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MMU/YUM/C/2019/YPS","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321709","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6416979225","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGP1/357/43","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313202","funder_display_name":"Multimedia University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6865559488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MMU/YUM/C/2019/YPS","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313202","funder_display_name":"Multimedia University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7735222215","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MMUI/220021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321709","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G928522197","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FRGS/1/2021/ICT02/MMU/02/4","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321709","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313202","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321709","display_name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/05mcs2t73"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4363647948.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1891905176","https://openalex.org/W1971358173","https://openalex.org/W1989696410","https://openalex.org/W2018331988","https://openalex.org/W2040270931","https://openalex.org/W2071576700","https://openalex.org/W2104335344","https://openalex.org/W2126680226","https://openalex.org/W2160813177","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2510190030","https://openalex.org/W2587763979","https://openalex.org/W2590203987","https://openalex.org/W2592839637","https://openalex.org/W2766064249","https://openalex.org/W2766172911","https://openalex.org/W2790787622","https://openalex.org/W2811352011","https://openalex.org/W2884552674","https://openalex.org/W2894383060","https://openalex.org/W2916695504","https://openalex.org/W2919322259","https://openalex.org/W2922211281","https://openalex.org/W2942010964","https://openalex.org/W2946327825","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2973806887","https://openalex.org/W2981156023","https://openalex.org/W2996910432","https://openalex.org/W3008732063","https://openalex.org/W3009888228","https://openalex.org/W3036199157","https://openalex.org/W3086951262","https://openalex.org/W3091988595","https://openalex.org/W3104352412","https://openalex.org/W3128064349","https://openalex.org/W3129376202","https://openalex.org/W3153992323","https://openalex.org/W3162464492","https://openalex.org/W3197576140","https://openalex.org/W3203290016","https://openalex.org/W4205174466","https://openalex.org/W4296830441","https://openalex.org/W4298005495","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6790086291","https://openalex.org/W6795171343","https://openalex.org/W6800369013","https://openalex.org/W6801752924"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2468279273","https://openalex.org/W2354198838","https://openalex.org/W1989130879","https://openalex.org/W2103419012","https://openalex.org/W2988126442","https://openalex.org/W1974414866","https://openalex.org/W2063982682","https://openalex.org/W2338543196","https://openalex.org/W1544691147","https://openalex.org/W2039176012"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gait":[0],"recognition,":[1],"the":[2,59,105,123,127,140,187,192,206],"task":[3],"of":[4,146,182,208],"identifying":[5],"an":[6,73,113],"individual":[7],"based":[8,125],"on":[9,126,154,176],"their":[10],"unique":[11],"walking":[12,18,115],"style,":[13],"can":[14,20],"be":[15,21],"difficult":[16],"because":[17],"styles":[19],"influenced":[22],"by":[23,71],"external":[24],"factors":[25],"such":[26],"as":[27],"clothing,":[28],"viewing":[29],"angle,":[30],"and":[31,52,93,101,130,136,161,184,194],"carrying":[32],"conditions.":[33],"To":[34],"address":[35],"these":[36,131],"challenges,":[37],"this":[38,147],"paper":[39],"proposes":[40],"a":[41,64,77,94,198],"multi-model":[42,148],"gait":[43,65,78,81,107,149,202],"recognition":[44,150,203],"system":[45,151,188],"that":[46,109],"integrates":[47],"Convolutional":[48],"Neural":[49],"Networks":[50],"(CNNs)":[51],"Vision":[53,95],"Transformer.":[54,96],"The":[55,80,144,166,180],"first":[56],"step":[57],"in":[58],"process":[60],"is":[61,69,84],"to":[62,76,103,112,138,173,189],"obtain":[63],"energy":[66,82],"image,":[67],"which":[68],"achieved":[70],"applying":[72],"averaging":[74],"technique":[75],"cycle.":[79],"image":[83],"then":[85,134],"fed":[86],"into":[87],"three":[88,155,178],"different":[89],"models,":[90],"DenseNet-201,":[91],"VGG-16,":[92],"These":[97],"models":[98],"are":[99,110,133],"pre-trained":[100],"fine-tuned":[102],"encode":[104],"salient":[106],"features":[108],"specific":[111],"individual's":[114],"style.":[116],"Each":[117],"model":[118],"provides":[119],"prediction":[120],"scores":[121,132],"for":[122,201],"classes":[124],"encoded":[128],"features,":[129,196],"summed":[135],"averaged":[137],"produce":[139],"final":[141],"class":[142],"label.":[143],"performance":[145],"was":[152],"evaluated":[153],"datasets,":[156],"CASIA-B,":[157],"OU-ISIR":[158,162],"dataset":[159],"D,":[160],"Large":[163],"Population":[164],"dataset.":[165],"experimental":[167],"results":[168],"showed":[169],"substantial":[170],"improvement":[171],"compared":[172],"existing":[174],"methods":[175],"all":[177],"datasets.":[179],"integration":[181],"CNNs":[183],"ViT":[185],"allows":[186],"learn":[190],"both":[191],"pre-defined":[193],"distinct":[195],"providing":[197],"robust":[199],"solution":[200],"even":[204],"under":[205],"influence":[207],"covariates.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
