{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4361199487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073566","title":"A Review of Homomorphic Encryption for Privacy-Preserving Biometrics","display_name":"A Review of Homomorphic Encryption for Privacy-Preserving Biometrics","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4361199487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073566","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37050626"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23073566","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073566","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/7/3566/pdf?version=1680076435","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/7/3566/pdf?version=1680076435","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064277907","display_name":"Wencheng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7800-2215"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wencheng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7800-2215","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047661937","display_name":"Song Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0239-7991"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196829312","display_name":"La Trobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxfrp27","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Song Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0239-7991","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011853980","display_name":"Hui Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5820-2233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of IT, Claytyon Campus, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of IT, Claytyon Campus, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101410185","display_name":"Zhaohui Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-7707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaohui Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100443879","display_name":"Yan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4694-4926"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047661937"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":11.8778,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":89,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9929984,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"7","first_page":"3566","last_page":"3566"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.8916734457015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6706405282020569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.6566707491874695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6004430055618286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4989473819732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.49023085832595825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.46991387009620667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.4331355094909668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-enforcement","display_name":"Law enforcement","score":0.4161542057991028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.41052478551864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.09700611233711243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.08911076188087463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.06711876392364502}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.8916734457015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6706405282020569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.6566707491874695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6004430055618286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4989473819732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.49023085832595825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.46991387009620667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4331355094909668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.4161542057991028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41052478551864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09700611233711243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.08911076188087463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.06711876392364502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081186","descriptor_name":"Blockchain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001699","descriptor_name":"Biometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001699","descriptor_name":"Biometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001699","descriptor_name":"Biometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001699","descriptor_name":"Biometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001699","descriptor_name":"Biometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018907","descriptor_name":"Privacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018907","descriptor_name":"Privacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018907","descriptor_name":"Privacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018907","descriptor_name":"Privacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018907","descriptor_name":"Privacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":10,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23073566","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073566","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/7/3566/pdf?version=1680076435","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37050626","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37050626","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:monash.edu:publications/0a98a58c-2baa-4a8e-a3ba-ce133c6b0872","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85152341509&partnerID=8YFLogxK","pdf_url":"https://researchmgt.monash.edu/ws/files/575329596/487332020_oa.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402625","display_name":"Monash University Research Portal (Monash University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","host_organization_name":"Monash University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Yang, W, Wang, S, Cui, H, Tang, Z & Li, Y 2023, 'A review of homomorphic encryption for privacy-preserving biometrics', Sensors, vol. 23, no. 7, 3566. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073566","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/review"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10098691","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10098691","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10098691/pdf/sensors-23-03566.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:monash.edu:openaire/0a98a58c-2baa-4a8e-a3ba-ce133c6b0872","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/0a98a58c-2baa-4a8e-a3ba-ce133c6b0872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402625","display_name":"Monash University Research Portal (Monash University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","host_organization_name":"Monash University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Yang, W, Wang, S, Cui, H, Tang, Z & Li, Y 2023, 'A review of homomorphic encryption for privacy-preserving biometrics', Sensors, vol. 23, no. 7, 3566. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073566","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/review"},{"id":"pmh:doi:10.26181/22357747","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal contribution"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:059918314cb14be8beae72f6a80d9d69","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/059918314cb14be8beae72f6a80d9d69","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 7, p 3566 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/22357747","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/A_Review_of_Homomorphic_Encryption_for_Privacy-Preserving_Biometrics/22357747","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/7/3566/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23073566","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 7; Pages: 3566","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.26181/22357747.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26181/22357747.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052018","display_name":"La Trobe University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23073566","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073566","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/7/3566/pdf?version=1680076435","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4361199487.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":87,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W236632755","https://openalex.org/W913176383","https://openalex.org/W1494049356","https://openalex.org/W1607369907","https://openalex.org/W1798609567","https://openalex.org/W1882646042","https://openalex.org/W1965805783","https://openalex.org/W1975172169","https://openalex.org/W1997585876","https://openalex.org/W2032551902","https://openalex.org/W2036653215","https://openalex.org/W2043944888","https://openalex.org/W2108834246","https://openalex.org/W2118498934","https://openalex.org/W2132172731","https://openalex.org/W2144798081","https://openalex.org/W2147668280","https://openalex.org/W2157099102","https://openalex.org/W2157778124","https://openalex.org/W2159015104","https://openalex.org/W2177209050","https://openalex.org/W2184969471","https://openalex.org/W2226167778","https://openalex.org/W2505045346","https://openalex.org/W2518917232","https://openalex.org/W2519249189","https://openalex.org/W2530681012","https://openalex.org/W2554750353","https://openalex.org/W2570008916","https://openalex.org/W2578517905","https://openalex.org/W2768174108","https://openalex.org/W2791874343","https://openalex.org/W2807766446","https://openalex.org/W2862632894","https://openalex.org/W2907462141","https://openalex.org/W2910815950","https://openalex.org/W2912487318","https://openalex.org/W2914340893","https://openalex.org/W2955161691","https://openalex.org/W2962763885","https://openalex.org/W2983530974","https://openalex.org/W3011940778","https://openalex.org/W3016470731","https://openalex.org/W3033489770","https://openalex.org/W3042006926","https://openalex.org/W3045552396","https://openalex.org/W3046279715","https://openalex.org/W3046449215","https://openalex.org/W3092607226","https://openalex.org/W3094673373","https://openalex.org/W3107806822","https://openalex.org/W3118621606","https://openalex.org/W3132412944","https://openalex.org/W3134210339","https://openalex.org/W3135658564","https://openalex.org/W3138657417","https://openalex.org/W3160027900","https://openalex.org/W3165673144","https://openalex.org/W3199597982","https://openalex.org/W3204043594","https://openalex.org/W3204970746","https://openalex.org/W3210804500","https://openalex.org/W3216185273","https://openalex.org/W4200006345","https://openalex.org/W4212972226","https://openalex.org/W4225014259","https://openalex.org/W4225377307","https://openalex.org/W4232836212","https://openalex.org/W4282822942","https://openalex.org/W4282825390","https://openalex.org/W4283381594","https://openalex.org/W4285158048","https://openalex.org/W4294816952","https://openalex.org/W4297337083","https://openalex.org/W4297410041","https://openalex.org/W4302282220","https://openalex.org/W4302734258","https://openalex.org/W4307823778","https://openalex.org/W4313307120","https://openalex.org/W4316924414","https://openalex.org/W4316925037","https://openalex.org/W6677864325","https://openalex.org/W6758811971","https://openalex.org/W6779363458","https://openalex.org/W6780891037","https://openalex.org/W6788320407","https://openalex.org/W6846225081"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2539930818","https://openalex.org/W2076845124","https://openalex.org/W4393118461","https://openalex.org/W4390664647","https://openalex.org/W2183964146","https://openalex.org/W3012147850","https://openalex.org/W2379932303","https://openalex.org/W4313300189","https://openalex.org/W2949835517","https://openalex.org/W2887779253"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"advancement":[1],"of":[2,9,25,35,42,86,93,112,122,143],"biometric":[3,26,36,106,114,135],"technology":[4],"has":[5],"facilitated":[6],"wide":[7],"applications":[8],"biometrics":[10],"in":[11,55,66,90,145],"law":[12],"enforcement,":[13],"border":[14],"control,":[15],"healthcare":[16],"and":[17,20,31,45,53,74,97,132,148],"financial":[18],"identification":[19],"verification.":[21],"Given":[22],"the":[23,33,67,72,91,110,120,140],"peculiarity":[24],"features":[27],"(e.g.,":[28,129],"unchangeability,":[29],"permanence":[30],"uniqueness),":[32],"security":[34,73,107],"data":[37,64],"is":[38,61],"a":[39,83],"key":[40],"area":[41],"research.":[43],"Security":[44],"privacy":[46,75],"are":[47,99,152],"vital":[48],"to":[49,105,109],"enacting":[50],"integrity,":[51],"reliability":[52],"availability":[54],"biometric-related":[56],"applications.":[57],"Homomorphic":[58],"encryption":[59],"(HE)":[60],"concerned":[62],"with":[63,125],"manipulation":[65],"cryptographic":[68],"domain,":[69],"thus":[70],"addressing":[71],"issues":[76],"faced":[77],"by":[78],"biometrics.":[79,94],"This":[80],"survey":[81],"provides":[82],"comprehensive":[84],"review":[85,118],"state-of-the-art":[87],"HE":[88,103,124,144],"research":[89,150],"context":[92],"Detailed":[95],"analyses":[96],"discussions":[98],"conducted":[100],"on":[101,139],"various":[102],"approaches":[104],"according":[108],"categories":[111],"different":[113],"traits.":[115],"Moreover,":[116],"this":[117],"presents":[119],"perspective":[121],"integrating":[123],"other":[126],"emerging":[127],"technologies":[128],"machine/deep":[130],"learning":[131],"blockchain)":[133],"for":[134],"security.":[136],"Finally,":[137],"based":[138],"latest":[141],"development":[142],"biometrics,":[146],"challenges":[147],"future":[149],"directions":[151],"put":[153],"forward.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-27T08:26:11.824852","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
