{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4361007673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073490","title":"Multi-Sensor Medical-Image Fusion Technique Based on Embedding Bilateral Filter in Least Squares and Salient Detection","display_name":"Multi-Sensor Medical-Image Fusion Technique Based on Embedding Bilateral Filter in Least Squares and Salient Detection","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4361007673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073490","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37050552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23073490","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073490","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/7/3490/pdf?version=1679903716","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/7/3490/pdf?version=1679903716","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101794952","display_name":"Jiangwei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0207-5554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14894300","display_name":"Foshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xvvvp28","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14894300"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangwei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14894300"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103157629","display_name":"Dingan Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5234-1793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14894300","display_name":"Foshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xvvvp28","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14894300"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dingan Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14894300"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103255183","display_name":"Xiaopan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0698-8446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14894300","display_name":"Foshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xvvvp28","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14894300"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaopan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Province Graduate Joint Training Base (Foshan), Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Province Graduate Joint Training Base (Foshan), Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14894300"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076073719","display_name":"Peng Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0094-5982"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Shuguang Photoelectric Co., Ltd., Yangzhou 225009, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Shuguang Photoelectric Co., Ltd., Yangzhou 225009, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100768490","display_name":"Yan Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8061-1769"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Shuguang Photoelectric Co., Ltd., Yangzhou 225009, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Shuguang Photoelectric Co., Ltd., Yangzhou 225009, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056462605","display_name":"Xiaosong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4672-1527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14894300","display_name":"Foshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xvvvp28","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14894300"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaosong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4672-1527","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14894300"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056462605"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14894300"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":3.9563,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94250276,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"7","first_page":"3490","last_page":"3490"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6457990407943726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-fusion","display_name":"Image fusion","score":0.6292648315429688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salient","display_name":"Salient","score":0.6184474229812622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.5791312456130981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5635292530059814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5275257229804993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion-rules","display_name":"Fusion rules","score":0.5094950795173645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5018527507781982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.40681320428848267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3676621913909912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22571101784706116}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6457990407943726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69744172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860822","display_name":"Image fusion","level":3,"score":0.6292648315429688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.6184474229812622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5791312456130981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5635292530059814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5275257229804993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778971668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5510284","display_name":"Fusion rules","level":4,"score":0.5094950795173645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5018527507781982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.40681320428848267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3676621913909912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22571101784706116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23073490","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073490","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/7/3490/pdf?version=1679903716","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37050552","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37050552","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10098979","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10098979","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10098979/pdf/sensors-23-03490.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:be658ab90fed45f0a48f74caf4a71a85","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/be658ab90fed45f0a48f74caf4a71a85","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 7, p 3490 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/7/3490/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23073490","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 7; Pages: 3490","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23073490","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073490","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/7/3490/pdf?version=1679903716","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G198537211","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020B1212030010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317139","funder_display_name":"Ji Hua Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4079200020","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020B1111040001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317139","funder_display_name":"Ji Hua Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4305284988","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271148","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317139","funder_display_name":"Ji Hua Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4998530995","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271148","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6443827367","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201149","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317139","funder_display_name":"Ji Hua Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7073431689","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201149","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8836353701","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"X200051UZ200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317139","funder_display_name":"Ji Hua Laboratory"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317139","display_name":"Ji Hua Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/006aydy55"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4361007673.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964641132","https://openalex.org/W1995007314","https://openalex.org/W2039608780","https://openalex.org/W2046119925","https://openalex.org/W2068941797","https://openalex.org/W2094162745","https://openalex.org/W2129211628","https://openalex.org/W2142060261","https://openalex.org/W2306859282","https://openalex.org/W2473964400","https://openalex.org/W2474462684","https://openalex.org/W2589745805","https://openalex.org/W2604198618","https://openalex.org/W2619712086","https://openalex.org/W2624240493","https://openalex.org/W2746410086","https://openalex.org/W2767512561","https://openalex.org/W2780930362","https://openalex.org/W2808591023","https://openalex.org/W2809795042","https://openalex.org/W2890133526","https://openalex.org/W2904685378","https://openalex.org/W2912147220","https://openalex.org/W2912551047","https://openalex.org/W2936775474","https://openalex.org/W2963787388","https://openalex.org/W2966009696","https://openalex.org/W2990527765","https://openalex.org/W3007473102","https://openalex.org/W3046194589","https://openalex.org/W3126442124","https://openalex.org/W3134036581","https://openalex.org/W3153957445","https://openalex.org/W3156739093","https://openalex.org/W3158729725","https://openalex.org/W3171420223","https://openalex.org/W3181367324","https://openalex.org/W3190808861","https://openalex.org/W3213964215","https://openalex.org/W3215010392","https://openalex.org/W4206128982","https://openalex.org/W4226178544","https://openalex.org/W4283732315","https://openalex.org/W4285158820","https://openalex.org/W4289996737","https://openalex.org/W4304015045","https://openalex.org/W4307726656","https://openalex.org/W6721223673"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2380243858","https://openalex.org/W2373946551","https://openalex.org/W2032636564","https://openalex.org/W2350275110","https://openalex.org/W2258043314","https://openalex.org/W4312837757","https://openalex.org/W2381578981","https://openalex.org/W2549658594","https://openalex.org/W2587577390","https://openalex.org/W2378046426"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,150],"multi-sensor":[1,65],"medical-image":[2],"fusion":[3,68,121,152],"technique,":[4],"which":[5],"integrates":[6],"useful":[7],"information":[8,46,59,145,168],"from":[9],"different":[10],"single-modal":[11],"images":[12,49,91],"of":[13,114,146,169],"the":[14,53,61,107,128,140,147,166,178,193],"same":[15],"tissue":[16],"and":[17,26,41,81,96,117,132,143,159,188],"provides":[18],"a":[19,29,64,85,100,120],"fused":[20,62],"image":[21,67],"that":[22,177],"is":[23,32,70,162],"more":[24],"comprehensive":[25],"objective":[27,189],"than":[28],"single-source":[30],"image,":[31,63],"becoming":[33],"an":[34,74],"increasingly":[35],"important":[36],"technique":[37],"in":[38,47,60,78,103,185],"clinical":[39],"diagnosis":[40],"treatment":[42],"planning.":[43],"The":[44,173],"salient":[45,58,82,115,141],"medical":[48,66],"often":[50],"visually":[51],"describes":[52],"tissue.":[54],"To":[55],"effectively":[56],"embed":[57],"method":[69,180],"proposed":[71,163,179],"based":[72,126,154],"on":[73,127,155,192],"embedding":[75],"bilateral":[76,101],"filter":[77,102],"least":[79,104],"squares":[80],"detection":[83],"via":[84],"deformed":[86,129],"smoothness":[87,130],"constraint.":[88],"First,":[89],"source":[90,148,171],"are":[92,110],"decomposed":[93],"into":[94],"base":[95],"detail":[97,108,144],"layers":[98,109],"using":[99],"squares.":[105],"Then,":[106],"treated":[111],"as":[112],"superpositions":[113],"regions":[116],"background":[118],"information;":[119],"rule":[122,153],"for":[123],"this":[124],"layer":[125],"constraint":[131],"guided":[133],"filtering":[134],"was":[135],"designed":[136],"to":[137,164],"successfully":[138],"conserve":[139],"structure":[142],"images.":[149,172],"base-layer":[151],"modified":[156],"Laplace":[157],"energy":[158,161,167],"local":[160],"preserve":[165],"these":[170],"experimental":[174],"results":[175],"demonstrate":[176],"outperformed":[181],"nine":[182],"state-of-the-art":[183],"methods":[184],"both":[186],"subjective":[187],"quality":[190],"assessments":[191],"Harvard":[194],"Medical":[195],"School":[196],"dataset.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}