{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4361009961","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073438","title":"Charging Protocol for Partially Rechargeable Mobile Sensor Networks","display_name":"Charging Protocol for Partially Rechargeable Mobile Sensor Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4361009961","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073438","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37050497"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23073438","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073438","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/7/3438/pdf?version=1679757505","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/7/3438/pdf?version=1679757505","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011932057","display_name":"Li\u2010Ling Hung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4503-3127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152100410","display_name":"Aletheia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ke8ye77","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152100410"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Li-Ling Hung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Aletheia University, New Taipei 25103, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4503-3127","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Aletheia University, New Taipei 25103, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152100410"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011932057"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152100410"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.2449,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50224261,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"7","first_page":"3438","last_page":"3438"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11249","display_name":"Wireless Power Transfer Systems","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.7700741291046143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.6349620819091797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6301565170288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5995725989341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5607941746711731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5452412366867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4861306846141815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-harvesting","display_name":"Energy harvesting","score":0.4734606146812439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution-in-wireless-sensor-networks","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","score":0.46770569682121277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4492713510990143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4224367141723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.4100803732872009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.38992759585380554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2658514380455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.21594175696372986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20655342936515808}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.7700741291046143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.6349620819091797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6301565170288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5995725989341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5607941746711731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5452412366867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4861306846141815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101518730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930236","display_name":"Energy harvesting","level":3,"score":0.4734606146812439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41971633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398155","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","level":4,"score":0.46770569682121277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4492713510990143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4224367141723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.4100803732872009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.38992759585380554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2658514380455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.21594175696372986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20655342936515808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23073438","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073438","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/7/3438/pdf?version=1679757505","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37050497","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37050497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10098739","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10098739","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10098739/pdf/sensors-23-03438.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1a7e779f70a44c6682234b1c17d8b720","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1a7e779f70a44c6682234b1c17d8b720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 7, p 3438 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/7/3438/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23073438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 7; Pages: 3438","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23073438","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073438","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/7/3438/pdf?version=1679757505","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2205640134","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3862518167","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 109-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8985157498","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 109-2221","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4361009961.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1783275161","https://openalex.org/W1975000170","https://openalex.org/W1985134707","https://openalex.org/W1987103456","https://openalex.org/W2085147795","https://openalex.org/W2113053773","https://openalex.org/W2116014743","https://openalex.org/W2116385515","https://openalex.org/W2164575396","https://openalex.org/W2182132145","https://openalex.org/W2289252105","https://openalex.org/W2308044262","https://openalex.org/W2508041822","https://openalex.org/W2559618813","https://openalex.org/W2612005382","https://openalex.org/W2748304916","https://openalex.org/W2767852042","https://openalex.org/W2780067782","https://openalex.org/W2808238057","https://openalex.org/W2886635220","https://openalex.org/W2899768918","https://openalex.org/W2900743039","https://openalex.org/W2912654452","https://openalex.org/W2921002841","https://openalex.org/W2942345566","https://openalex.org/W2952834494","https://openalex.org/W2953385292","https://openalex.org/W2980944818","https://openalex.org/W2982032973","https://openalex.org/W3004560882","https://openalex.org/W3004938323","https://openalex.org/W3012261461","https://openalex.org/W3021160448","https://openalex.org/W3037661710","https://openalex.org/W3092103897","https://openalex.org/W3092368410","https://openalex.org/W6730312457","https://openalex.org/W6730348039"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980135082","https://openalex.org/W1976852971","https://openalex.org/W4205315832","https://openalex.org/W2182340876","https://openalex.org/W2602139996","https://openalex.org/W4386411405","https://openalex.org/W2785477058","https://openalex.org/W2182428324","https://openalex.org/W2022001678","https://openalex.org/W4381746902"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wireless":[0,36],"sensor":[1,28,38,99],"networks":[2,39],"(WSNs)":[3],"have":[4,40,49,90],"wide":[5],"applicability":[6],"in":[7,10,112,126,141,171,192],"services":[8],"used":[9],"daily":[11],"life.":[12],"However,":[13],"for":[14],"such":[15],"networks,":[16],"limited":[17],"energy":[18,34,94,114,120,140,151,154,159],"is":[19,168,185],"a":[20,26,108,142],"critical":[21],"issue.":[22],"The":[23,162,177],"efficiency":[24,79,163],"of":[25,84,164,174],"deployed":[27,133],"network":[29,100],"may":[30],"be":[31,116],"subject":[32],"to":[33,55,67,93,123,134,148,155],"supply.":[35],"rechargeable":[37,53,58,74,130],"recently":[41],"been":[42],"proposed":[43,166],"and":[44,80,97,152],"discussed.":[45],"Most":[46],"related":[47],"studies":[48],"involved":[50],"applying":[51],"static":[52],"sensors":[54,69,131,146,156],"an":[56,127],"entire":[57],"environment":[59,66],"or":[60],"having":[61],"mobile":[62,98],"chargers":[63],"patrol":[64],"the":[65,77,82,136,145,158,165,172,182],"charge":[68],"within":[70],"it.":[71],"For":[72],"partially":[73],"environments,":[75],"improving":[76],"recharge":[78],"extending":[81],"lifetime":[83],"WSNs":[85],"are":[86,132],"considerable":[87],"challenges.":[88],"Scientists":[89],"devoted":[91],"attention":[92],"transmission":[95],"technologies":[96],"(MSN)":[101],"applications.":[102],"In":[103],"this":[104],"paper,":[105],"we":[106],"propose":[107],"flexible":[109,183],"charging":[110,190],"protocol":[111,167,184],"which":[113],"can":[115],"transmitted":[117],"from":[118],"certain":[119,143],"supply":[121,160],"regions":[122,125],"other":[124,189],"MSN.":[128],"Mobile":[129],"monitor":[135],"environment.":[137],"To":[138],"share":[139],"region,":[144],"move":[147],"replenish":[149],"their":[150],"transmit":[153],"outside":[157],"region.":[161],"also":[169],"discussed":[170],"context":[173],"various":[175],"situations.":[176,194],"evaluation":[178],"results":[179],"suggest":[180],"that":[181],"more":[186],"efficient":[187],"than":[188],"protocols":[191],"several":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
