{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4328118242","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063287","title":"A Novel Cipher-Based Data Encryption with Galois Field Theory","display_name":"A Novel Cipher-Based Data Encryption with Galois Field Theory","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4328118242","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063287","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36991997"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23063287","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063287","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3287/pdf?version=1679315363","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3287/pdf?version=1679315363","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032327669","display_name":"Mohammad Mazyad Hazzazi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7945-9994"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Mazyad Hazzazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7945-9994","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047077663","display_name":"Sasidhar Attuluri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5710-1864"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sasidhar Attuluri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Developer Applications, 671 E Royal Ln, APT 1074, Irving, TX 75039, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Developer Applications, 671 E Royal Ln, APT 1074, Irving, TX 75039, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031564954","display_name":"Zaid Bassfar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1172-885X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72264486","display_name":"University of Tabuk","ror":"https://ror.org/04yej8x59","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72264486"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaid Bassfar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1172-885X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72264486"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077840045","display_name":"Kireet Joshi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5806-9156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60054993","display_name":"Graphic Era University","ror":"https://ror.org/03wqgqd89","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kireet Joshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CSE, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun 248002, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CSE, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun 248002, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032327669"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.6181,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91601601,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"6","first_page":"3287","last_page":"3287"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.5980219841003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.533114492893219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advanced-encryption-standard","display_name":"Advanced Encryption Standard","score":0.5320737361907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galois-theory","display_name":"Galois theory","score":0.47769027948379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cipher","display_name":"Cipher","score":0.46211177110671997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3816068172454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3689304292201996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19582930207252502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.076748788356781}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.5980219841003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.533114492893219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94520183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190746","display_name":"Advanced Encryption Standard","level":3,"score":0.5320737361907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94398972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92552","display_name":"Galois theory","level":2,"score":0.47769027948379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780221543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4681865","display_name":"Cipher","level":3,"score":0.46211177110671997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3816068172454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3689304292201996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19582930207252502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.076748788356781}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23063287","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063287","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3287/pdf?version=1679315363","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36991997","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36991997","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10059044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10059044","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10059044/pdf/sensors-23-03287.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ce68942b9bf6499fb8295656304b224e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ce68942b9bf6499fb8295656304b224e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 6, p 3287 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/6/3287/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23063287","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 6; Pages: 3287","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23063287","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063287","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3287/pdf?version=1679315363","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4729772967","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R. G. P. 2/109/43","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324433","funder_display_name":"King Khalid University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324433","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4328118242.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982610373","https://openalex.org/W2111728202","https://openalex.org/W2792000667","https://openalex.org/W3012296663","https://openalex.org/W3195772876","https://openalex.org/W3197239062","https://openalex.org/W4282946563","https://openalex.org/W4293386229","https://openalex.org/W4295242471","https://openalex.org/W4306318700","https://openalex.org/W4307919123","https://openalex.org/W4311537352","https://openalex.org/W4311628444","https://openalex.org/W4311696049","https://openalex.org/W4312051207","https://openalex.org/W4313529819","https://openalex.org/W4313639193","https://openalex.org/W4313829147","https://openalex.org/W4317039783","https://openalex.org/W4361794416","https://openalex.org/W6676524010","https://openalex.org/W6775221151","https://openalex.org/W6809754447","https://openalex.org/W6847420335"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2294670702","https://openalex.org/W2081683398","https://openalex.org/W2145881907","https://openalex.org/W4249103346","https://openalex.org/W2051118164","https://openalex.org/W3204404520","https://openalex.org/W2075400099","https://openalex.org/W1833051225","https://openalex.org/W1669434439","https://openalex.org/W2145838615"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Both":[0],"the":[1,8,18,33,105,120,138,148,153,174,199,216,222,232,235,242,249,255,272,281,285,297,357,391],"act":[2],"of":[3,21,37,70,74,94,101,122,155,204,209,228,234,241,264,296,314,343,352,360,367,403,407,414],"keeping":[4],"information":[5,80,130,211],"secret":[6],"and":[7,35,64,84,97,113,128,147,182,329,377,409],"research":[9],"on":[10,169],"how":[11],"to":[12,26,32,44,62,90,111,119,126,197,279,310,324,333,339,363],"achieve":[13],"it":[14,117,172,389,394],"are":[15,30],"included":[16,214],"in":[17,57,78,215,221,284],"broad":[19],"category":[20],"cryptography.":[22,123,353],"When":[23,46],"people":[24,338,376],"refer":[25],"\"information":[27,50],"security,\"":[28,51],"they":[29],"referring":[31],"study":[34],"use":[36,308,351],"methods":[38],"that":[39,158,237,393],"make":[40,238],"data":[41,139,201,246,368],"transfers":[42],"harder":[43],"intercept.":[45],"we":[47,55,291],"talk":[48],"about":[49],"this":[52,71,136,163,348],"is":[53,67,87,131,165,195,213,268,277,349,380],"what":[54],"have":[56],"mind.":[58],"Using":[59],"private":[60],"keys":[61],"encrypt":[63,112,127],"decode":[65,114,129],"messages":[66],"a":[68,92,144,319,325,385,410],"part":[69],"procedure.":[72],"Because":[73,100],"its":[75,102,170],"vital":[76],"role":[77],"modern":[79],"theory,":[81],"computer":[82,98],"security,":[83],"engineering,":[85],"cryptography":[86,309],"now":[88],"considered":[89],"be":[91,109,141],"branch":[93],"both":[95],"mathematics":[96],"science.":[99],"mathematical":[103,156],"properties,":[104],"Galois":[106,145],"field":[107],"may":[108,140,306,371],"used":[110,168,196,278],"information,":[115],"making":[116],"relevant":[118],"subject":[121],"The":[124,397],"ability":[125],"one":[132],"such":[133,316],"use.":[134],"In":[135],"case,":[137],"encoded":[142],"as":[143,317],"vector,":[146],"scrambling":[149],"process":[150],"could":[151],"include":[152],"application":[154],"operations":[157],"involve":[159],"an":[160,225],"inverse.":[161],"While":[162],"method":[164],"unsafe":[166],"when":[167,184],"own,":[171],"forms":[173],"foundation":[175],"for":[176,312,341,365,383],"secure":[177],"symmetric":[178],"algorithms":[179],"like":[180],"AES":[181],"DES":[183],"combined":[185],"with":[186,254,345],"other":[187],"bit":[188],"shuffling":[189],"methods.":[190],"A":[191],"two-by-two":[192],"encryption":[193],"matrix":[194,223],"protect":[198],"two":[200,243,262,294],"streams,":[202],"each":[203,240],"which":[205,212,300,379],"contains":[206],"25":[207],"bits":[208,236],"binary":[210,245],"proposed":[217,398],"work.":[218],"Each":[219],"cell":[220],"represents":[224],"irreducible":[226],"polynomial":[227],"degree":[229,265],"6.":[230,266],"Fine-tuning":[231],"values":[233],"up":[239],"25-bit":[244],"streams":[247],"using":[248,271],"Discrete":[250],"Cosine":[251],"Transform":[252],"(DCT)":[253],"Advanced":[256],"Encryption":[257],"Standard":[258],"(AES)":[259],"Method":[260],"yields":[261],"polynomials":[263,295],"Optimization":[267,275],"carried":[269],"out":[270],"Black":[273],"Widow":[274],"technique":[276],"tune":[280],"key":[282],"generation":[283],"cryptographic":[286],"processing.":[287],"By":[288],"doing":[289],"so,":[290],"can":[292],"produce":[293],"same":[298],"degree,":[299],"was":[301,395],"our":[302],"original":[303],"aim.":[304],"Users":[305,370],"also":[307,336,355,372],"look":[311,340],"signs":[313,342],"tampering,":[315],"whether":[318],"hacker":[320],"obtained":[321],"unauthorized":[322],"access":[323],"patient's":[326],"medical":[327],"records":[328],"made":[330],"any":[331],"changes":[332],"them.":[334],"Cryptography":[335],"allows":[337],"tampering":[344],"data.":[346],"Indeed,":[347],"another":[350],"It":[354],"has":[356],"added":[358],"value":[359],"allowing":[361],"users":[362],"check":[364],"indications":[366],"manipulation.":[369],"positively":[373],"identify":[374],"faraway":[375],"objects,":[378],"especially":[381],"useful":[382],"verifying":[384],"document's":[386],"authenticity":[387],"since":[388],"lessens":[390],"possibility":[392],"fabricated.":[396],"work":[399],"achieves":[400],"higher":[401,405],"accuracy":[402],"97.24%,":[404],"throughput":[406],"93.47%,":[408],"minimum":[411],"decryption":[412],"time":[413],"0.0047":[415],"s.":[416]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}