{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4324143198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063102","title":"Denoising Generalization Performance of Channel Estimation in Multipath Time-Varying OFDM Systems","display_name":"Denoising Generalization Performance of Channel Estimation in Multipath Time-Varying OFDM Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4324143198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063102","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36991813"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23063102","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063102","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3102/pdf?version=1678783785","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3102/pdf?version=1678783785","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005648762","display_name":"Yinying Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111959","display_name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02br7py06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210111959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinying Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111959","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064845140","display_name":"Xin Bian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2543-6129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111959","display_name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02br7py06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210111959"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Bian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111959","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062629438","display_name":"Mingqi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2412-9477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111959","display_name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02br7py06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210111959"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mingqi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2412-9477","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111959","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062629438"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210111959"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.4911,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85288739,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"6","first_page":"3102","last_page":"3102"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.7029145359992981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subnet","display_name":"Subnet","score":0.685894787311554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6397097110748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6366915702819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5453845262527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.5232186317443848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.515784502029419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.46488234400749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.4450749158859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.4388349950313568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4362005293369293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3509979546070099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21492207050323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21409648656845093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.21347546577453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14984476566314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1067473292350769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09898549318313599}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.7029145359992981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21099817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7631721","display_name":"Subnet","level":2,"score":0.685894787311554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6397097110748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6366915702819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5453845262527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.5232186317443848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.515784502029419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.46488234400749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.4450749158859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.4388349950313568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4362005293369293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3509979546070099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21492207050323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21409648656845093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.21347546577453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14984476566314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1067473292350769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09898549318313599}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23063102","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063102","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3102/pdf?version=1678783785","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36991813","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36991813","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10055738","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10055738","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10055738/pdf/sensors-23-03102.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b7c8d8d785f646c5b80e666eaeb86032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b7c8d8d785f646c5b80e666eaeb86032","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 6, p 3102 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/6/3102/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23063102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 6; Pages: 3102","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23063102","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063102","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3102/pdf?version=1678783785","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3592045359","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB1802201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336896","display_name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4324143198.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980212446","https://openalex.org/W2166873702","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2734408173","https://openalex.org/W2767060475","https://openalex.org/W2779699222","https://openalex.org/W2886124254","https://openalex.org/W2897042325","https://openalex.org/W2963145597","https://openalex.org/W2963190722","https://openalex.org/W2963290405","https://openalex.org/W2963836746","https://openalex.org/W2987894257","https://openalex.org/W2996740027","https://openalex.org/W3131489583","https://openalex.org/W3174984656","https://openalex.org/W3179960279","https://openalex.org/W3190138134","https://openalex.org/W3195093730","https://openalex.org/W4281696600"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2356206668","https://openalex.org/W2131631951","https://openalex.org/W2130707537","https://openalex.org/W2105155969","https://openalex.org/W4362683600","https://openalex.org/W1977409556","https://openalex.org/W2361602549","https://openalex.org/W3200778902","https://openalex.org/W2390667963","https://openalex.org/W4313645560"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"Orthogonal":[1],"Frequency":[2],"Division":[3],"Multiplexing":[4],"(OFDM)":[5],"technology":[6,13],"is":[7,68,136,146,168,194],"still":[8],"the":[9,25,40,61,65,72,76,80,139,154,163,171,176,186,191,198,224],"key":[10],"transmission":[11],"waveform":[12],"in":[14,56],"5G,":[15],"traditional":[16,214],"channel":[17,47,73,102,132,141,179,200,215,226],"estimation":[18,62,103,133,142,160,211],"algorithms":[19,67],"are":[20,49],"no":[21],"longer":[22],"sufficient":[23],"for":[24,101,157,181],"high-speed":[26],"multipath":[27],"time-varying":[28],"channels":[29],"faced":[30],"by":[31],"both":[32],"existing":[33,41,66],"5G":[34],"and":[35,60,124,151,217,228],"future":[36],"6G.":[37],"In":[38],"addition,":[39],"Deep":[42],"Learning":[43,127],"(DL)":[44],"based":[45],"OFDM":[46],"estimators":[48],"only":[50],"applicable":[51],"to":[52,153,161,170,184,196],"Signal-to-Noise":[53],"Ratios":[54],"(SNRs)":[55],"a":[57,92,111,117,125,130],"small":[58],"range,":[59],"performance":[63],"of":[64,110],"greatly":[69],"limited":[70],"when":[71,223],"model":[74,95],"or":[75],"mobile":[77],"speed":[78,230],"at":[79],"receiver":[81],"does":[82],"not":[83,232],"match.":[84],"To":[85],"solve":[86],"this":[87,89],"problem,":[88],"paper":[90],"proposes":[91],"novel":[93],"network":[94],"NDR-Net":[96,108,207],"that":[97,206],"can":[98,208,219],"be":[99,220],"used":[100],"under":[104],"unknown":[105],"noise":[106,158,164,182],"levels.":[107],"consists":[109],"Noise":[112],"Level":[113],"Estimate":[114],"subnet":[115,122,156,173],"(NLE),":[116],"Denoising":[118],"Convolutional":[119],"Neural":[120],"Network":[121],"(DnCNN),":[123],"Residual":[126],"cascade.":[128],"Firstly,":[129],"rough":[131],"matrix":[134],"value":[135],"obtained":[137],"using":[138],"conventional":[140],"algorithm.":[143],"Then":[144,166],"it":[145,167,218],"modeled":[147],"as":[148],"an":[149],"image":[150,180],"input":[152,169],"NLE":[155],"level":[159],"obtain":[162,185,197,209],"interval.":[165],"DnCNN":[172],"together":[174],"with":[175],"initial":[177],"noisy":[178,188],"reduction":[183],"pure":[187],"image.":[189,201],"Finally,":[190],"residual":[192],"learning":[193],"added":[195],"noiseless":[199],"The":[202],"simulation":[203],"results":[204,212],"show":[205],"better":[210],"than":[213],"estimation,":[216],"well":[221],"adapted":[222],"SNR,":[225],"model,":[227],"movement":[229],"do":[231],"match,":[233],"which":[234],"indicates":[235],"its":[236],"superior":[237],"engineering":[238],"practicability.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}