{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4324066848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063034","title":"Joint Beamforming Design for RIS-Assisted Integrated Satellite-HAP-Terrestrial Networks Using Deep Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Joint Beamforming Design for RIS-Assisted Integrated Satellite-HAP-Terrestrial Networks Using Deep Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4324066848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063034","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36991745"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23063034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063034","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3034/pdf?version=1678690069","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3034/pdf?version=1678690069","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100340873","display_name":"Min Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9379-7714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101502412","display_name":"Shibing Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9189-2379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shibing Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100624121","display_name":"Changqing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5260-0794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changqing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5260-0794","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066979826","display_name":"Yudi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8237-7861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yudi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Space Information, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064086456","display_name":"Feng Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2906-8127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157719","display_name":"Yancheng Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8njc86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157719"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2906-8127","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157719"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101502412"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.0453,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75486053,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"6","first_page":"3034","last_page":"3034"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7375020980834961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6985801458358765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6555953025817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflector","display_name":"Reflector (photography)","score":0.5158745050430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.48391610383987427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.472192645072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","score":0.4559321105480194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.41497525572776794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.41408348083496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.30971428751945496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26161545515060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18230992555618286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17091885209083557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.09526818990707397}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7375020980834961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6985801458358765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6555953025817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778415886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1823435","display_name":"Reflector (photography)","level":3,"score":0.5158745050430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.48391610383987427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.472192645072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.4559321105480194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.41497525572776794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.41408348083496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.30971428751945496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26161545515060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18230992555618286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17091885209083557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.09526818990707397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982854487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9128","display_name":"Light source","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23063034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063034","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3034/pdf?version=1678690069","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36991745","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36991745","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10051352","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10051352","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10051352/pdf/sensors-23-03034.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:38c9a7ab26b9485b9550eb988cbbcc16","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/38c9a7ab26b9485b9550eb988cbbcc16","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 6, p 3034 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/6/3034/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23063034","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 6; Pages: 3034","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23063034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063034","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/6/3034/pdf?version=1678690069","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G100542561","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001517","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G125094736","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BX20200101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335768","funder_display_name":"National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2171519039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001517","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335768","funder_display_name":"National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2781037415","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61901502","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2834944710","display_name":"\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u7a7a\u5730\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u901a\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u9ad8\u6548\u4f20\u8f93\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"62071352","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6109057603","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62071352","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335768","funder_display_name":"National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6651674362","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61901502","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335768","funder_display_name":"National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6960982551","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BX20200101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335768","display_name":"National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4324066848.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979370879","https://openalex.org/W2139825184","https://openalex.org/W2528584088","https://openalex.org/W2616867685","https://openalex.org/W2886879740","https://openalex.org/W2898641569","https://openalex.org/W2902258889","https://openalex.org/W2955133642","https://openalex.org/W2965093385","https://openalex.org/W2969519626","https://openalex.org/W2969638137","https://openalex.org/W3001613668","https://openalex.org/W3004020120","https://openalex.org/W3010601625","https://openalex.org/W3011552097","https://openalex.org/W3011852199","https://openalex.org/W3013353193","https://openalex.org/W3017311957","https://openalex.org/W3027118737","https://openalex.org/W3034281970","https://openalex.org/W3044795802","https://openalex.org/W3045668545","https://openalex.org/W3046418879","https://openalex.org/W3081681433","https://openalex.org/W3100536113","https://openalex.org/W3119981021","https://openalex.org/W3120353641","https://openalex.org/W3129410599","https://openalex.org/W3135698583","https://openalex.org/W3173890311","https://openalex.org/W3174903837","https://openalex.org/W3183758503","https://openalex.org/W3205171351","https://openalex.org/W3210007685","https://openalex.org/W3210267130","https://openalex.org/W3210522537","https://openalex.org/W3212565034","https://openalex.org/W3214572167","https://openalex.org/W3216609622","https://openalex.org/W4205940831","https://openalex.org/W4220693821","https://openalex.org/W4221161002","https://openalex.org/W4285225593","https://openalex.org/W4286569336","https://openalex.org/W4294068696","https://openalex.org/W4295832326","https://openalex.org/W4298368989","https://openalex.org/W4312635970"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3074294383","https://openalex.org/W4206669594","https://openalex.org/W2959276766","https://openalex.org/W4295941380","https://openalex.org/W260766989","https://openalex.org/W3139193008","https://openalex.org/W3111983280","https://openalex.org/W3164468573","https://openalex.org/W2030530201","https://openalex.org/W2081664383"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,126],"this":[1,107,122],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,61],"consider":[4],"reconfigurable":[5],"intelligent":[6],"surface":[7],"(RIS)-assisted":[8],"integrated":[9],"satellite":[10],"high-altitude":[11],"platform":[12],"terrestrial":[13],"networks":[14],"(IS-HAP-TNs)":[15],"that":[16,134],"can":[17],"improve":[18],"network":[19],"performance":[20],"by":[21,100],"exploiting":[22],"the":[23,30,36,44,51,57,64,69,79,82,86,91,110,135,140],"HAP":[24,39],"stability":[25],"and":[26,72,150],"RIS":[27,32,73,87],"reflection.":[28],"Specifically,":[29],"reflector":[31],"is":[33,95,129],"installed":[34],"on":[35,105],"side":[37],"of":[38,81,85,145],"to":[40,50,78,97,116],"reflect":[41],"signals":[42],"from":[43],"multiple":[45],"ground":[46,70],"user":[47],"equipment":[48],"(UE)":[49],"satellite.":[52],"To":[53],"aim":[54],"at":[55,68],"maximizing":[56],"system":[58,146],"sum":[59],"rate,":[60],"jointly":[62],"optimize":[63],"transmit":[65],"beamforming":[66],"matrix":[67],"UEs":[71],"phase":[74],"shift":[75],"matrix.":[76],"Due":[77],"limitation":[80],"unit":[83],"modulus":[84],"reflective":[88],"elements":[89],"constraint,":[90],"combinatorial":[92],"optimization":[93,124],"problem":[94],"difficult":[96],"tackle":[98],"effectively":[99],"traditional":[101],"solving":[102],"methods.":[103],"Based":[104],"this,":[106],"paper":[108],"studies":[109],"deep":[111],"reinforcement":[112],"learning":[113],"(DRL)":[114],"algorithm":[115,138],"achieve":[117],"online":[118],"decision":[119,155],"making":[120,153,156],"for":[121],"joint":[123],"problem.":[125],"addition,":[127],"it":[128],"verified":[130],"through":[131],"simulation":[132],"experiments":[133],"proposed":[136],"DRL":[137],"outperforms":[139],"standard":[141],"scheme":[142],"in":[143],"terms":[144],"performance,":[147],"execution":[148],"time,":[149],"computing":[151],"speed,":[152],"real-time":[154],"truly":[157],"feasible.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}