{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4322502979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23052593","title":"A Multi-Label Based Physical Activity Recognition via Cascade Classifier","display_name":"A Multi-Label Based Physical Activity Recognition via Cascade Classifier","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4322502979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23052593","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36904797"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23052593","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23052593","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/5/2593/pdf?version=1677745527","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/5/2593/pdf?version=1677745527","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026383998","display_name":"Lingfei Mo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8561-9122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lingfei Mo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8561-9122","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026727824","display_name":"Yaojie Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7931-9804"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaojie Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044430061","display_name":"Lujie Zeng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lujie Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026383998"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.0245,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77843242,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"5","first_page":"2593","last_page":"2593"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9664999842643738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.7493131756782532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7138100862503052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.690642237663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activity-recognition","display_name":"Activity recognition","score":0.6344512701034546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6264612078666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.6047899127006531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cascade","display_name":"Cascade","score":0.5945652723312378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.5636441707611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.484855055809021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1220063865184784}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.7493131756782532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7138100862503052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.690642237663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121687571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677630","display_name":"Activity recognition","level":2,"score":0.6344512701034546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6264612078666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6047899127006531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34146451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048094","display_name":"Cascade","level":2,"score":0.5945652723312378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.5636441707611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.484855055809021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1220063865184784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23052593","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23052593","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/5/2593/pdf?version=1677745527","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36904797","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36904797","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10006903","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10006903","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10006903/pdf/sensors-23-02593.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:66f0dde4ec8745958bb62b681082082f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/66f0dde4ec8745958bb62b681082082f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 5, p 2593 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/5/2593/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23052593","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23052593","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23052593","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/5/2593/pdf?version=1677745527","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5657857041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61603091","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4322502979.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1530513434","https://openalex.org/W1550111146","https://openalex.org/W1968670561","https://openalex.org/W1999954155","https://openalex.org/W2018608640","https://openalex.org/W2029517229","https://openalex.org/W2033186007","https://openalex.org/W2045830677","https://openalex.org/W2053352781","https://openalex.org/W2079801649","https://openalex.org/W2136236240","https://openalex.org/W2140944144","https://openalex.org/W2164041372","https://openalex.org/W2195342085","https://openalex.org/W2304267454","https://openalex.org/W2523257820","https://openalex.org/W2550476060","https://openalex.org/W2594116048","https://openalex.org/W2595975317","https://openalex.org/W2610902811","https://openalex.org/W2744088620","https://openalex.org/W2759690896","https://openalex.org/W2770265759","https://openalex.org/W2793786358","https://openalex.org/W2966450377","https://openalex.org/W3007690119","https://openalex.org/W3010153341","https://openalex.org/W3086891048","https://openalex.org/W3130063818","https://openalex.org/W3134689613","https://openalex.org/W3154985639","https://openalex.org/W3172093704","https://openalex.org/W3200324617","https://openalex.org/W3202701980","https://openalex.org/W4205137648","https://openalex.org/W4205340517","https://openalex.org/W4205706980","https://openalex.org/W4206103951","https://openalex.org/W4206703604","https://openalex.org/W4207050394","https://openalex.org/W6749469517"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2153719181","https://openalex.org/W1971748923","https://openalex.org/W2060986072","https://openalex.org/W1566155057","https://openalex.org/W2052574922","https://openalex.org/W2811014843","https://openalex.org/W2889302474","https://openalex.org/W3105278570","https://openalex.org/W2117913171","https://openalex.org/W2582769230"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Physical":[0],"activity":[1,49,80,97,139,154,255],"recognition":[2,98,206,256],"is":[3,149,248],"a":[4,90,100,127],"field":[5],"that":[6,108,215,242],"infers":[7],"human":[8],"activities":[9],"used":[10,52],"in":[11,33,253],"machine":[12,55,183],"learning":[13,56,184],"techniques":[14],"through":[15],"wearable":[16,46],"devices":[17],"and":[18,30,39,48,58,194,251],"embedded":[19],"inertial":[20],"sensors":[21,47],"of":[22,36,70,75,81,106,116,161,167,186,208],"smartphones.":[23],"It":[24],"has":[25,61,170,219],"gained":[26],"much":[27],"research":[28,60],"significance":[29],"promising":[31],"prospects":[32],"the":[34,71,77,86,121,138,146,152,159,162,174,181,199,204,216,225,229,243,258],"fields":[35],"medical":[37],"rehabilitation":[38],"fitness":[40],"management.":[41],"Generally,":[42],"datasets":[43],"with":[44,103,180],"different":[45],"labels":[50,107,136],"are":[51,73],"to":[53,111,158],"train":[54],"models,":[57],"most":[59,69],"achieved":[62,220],"satisfactory":[63],"performance":[64],"for":[65,94,173],"these":[66],"datasets.":[67],"However,":[68],"methods":[72],"incapable":[74],"recognizing":[76],"complex":[78],"physical":[79,96,210,254],"free":[82],"living.":[83],"To":[84],"address":[85],"issue,":[87],"we":[88],"propose":[89],"cascade":[91,122],"classifier":[92,123,156,218],"structure":[93,124],"sensor-based":[95],"from":[99,228],"multi-dimensional":[101],"perspective,":[102],"two":[104],"types":[105],"work":[109],"together":[110],"represent":[112],"an":[113],"exact":[114],"type":[115,155],"activity.":[117],"This":[118],"approach":[119],"employed":[120],"based":[125],"on":[126,132,176],"multi-label":[128],"system":[129,246],"(Cascade":[130],"Classifier":[131],"Multi-label,":[133],"CCM).":[134],"The":[135,165,212,238],"reflecting":[137],"intensity":[140],"would":[141],"be":[142],"classified":[143],"first.":[144],"Then,":[145],"data":[147],"flow":[148],"divided":[150],"into":[151],"corresponding":[153],"according":[157],"output":[160],"pre-layer":[163],"prediction.":[164],"dataset":[166],"110":[168],"participants":[169],"been":[171],"collected":[172],"experiment":[175],"PA":[177],"recognition.":[178],"Compared":[179],"typical":[182],"algorithms":[185],"Random":[187],"Forest":[188],"(RF),":[189],"Sequential":[190],"Minimal":[191],"Optimization":[192],"(SMO)":[193],"K":[195],"Nearest":[196],"Neighbors":[197],"(KNN),":[198],"proposed":[200,247],"method":[201],"greatly":[202],"improves":[203],"overall":[205],"accuracy":[207,223],"ten":[209],"activities.":[211],"results":[213,240],"show":[214],"RF-CCM":[217],"93.94%":[221],"higher":[222],"than":[224,257],"87.93%":[226],"obtained":[227],"non-CCM":[230],"system,":[231],"which":[232],"could":[233],"obtain":[234],"better":[235],"generalization":[236],"performance.":[237],"comparison":[239],"reveal":[241],"novel":[244],"CCM":[245],"more":[249],"effective":[250],"stable":[252],"conventional":[259],"classification":[260],"methods.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
