{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321372012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042346","title":"Selective Deeply Supervised Multi-Scale Attention Network for Brain Tumor Segmentation","display_name":"Selective Deeply Supervised Multi-Scale Attention Network for Brain Tumor Segmentation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321372012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042346","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36850942"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23042346","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042346","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2346/pdf?version=1676892865","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2346/pdf?version=1676892865","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010615278","display_name":"Azka Rehman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7085-0105"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164862","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p590m36","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164862"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azka Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, HealthHub Co., Ltd., Seoul 06524, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7085-0105","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, HealthHub Co., Ltd., Seoul 06524, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164862"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065073249","display_name":"Muhammad Usman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7278-8488"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Usman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7278-8488","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016767276","display_name":"Abdullah Shahid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9985-939X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164862","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p590m36","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164862"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Shahid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, HealthHub Co., Ltd., Seoul 06524, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9985-939X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, HealthHub Co., Ltd., Seoul 06524, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164862"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047197696","display_name":"Siddique Latif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5662-4777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Siddique Latif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield 4300, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5662-4777","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield 4300, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037574053","display_name":"Junaid Qadir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9466-2475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junaid Qadir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9466-2475","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047197696"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.8996,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85980402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"4","first_page":"2346","last_page":"2346"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7328200340270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7316499352455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6289759874343872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.5843390226364136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5705547332763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5414751172065735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.5198538899421692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5072943568229675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.5028151869773865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-segmentation","display_name":"Market segmentation","score":0.44457536935806274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.43626293540000916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4196767508983612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.29016542434692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.08925849199295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.07801187038421631}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7328200340270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7316499352455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6289759874343872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5843390226364136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5705547332763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5414751172065735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.5198538899421692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5072943568229675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.5028151869773865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125308379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q363057","display_name":"Market segmentation","level":2,"score":0.44457536935806274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.43626293540000916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4196767508983612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.29016542434692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.08925849199295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.07801187038421631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010820","descriptor_name":"Physicians","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010820","descriptor_name":"Physicians","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010820","descriptor_name":"Physicians","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010820","descriptor_name":"Physicians","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23042346","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042346","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2346/pdf?version=1676892865","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36850942","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36850942","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9964702","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9964702","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9964702/pdf/sensors-23-02346.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c05c132ac7514c1ca1cb0fd5db2af4f6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c05c132ac7514c1ca1cb0fd5db2af4f6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 4, p 2346 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/4/2346/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/45586","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10576/45586","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400014","display_name":"Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","host_organization_name":"Qatar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23042346","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042346","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2346/pdf?version=1676892865","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321372012.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533861849","https://openalex.org/W1884191083","https://openalex.org/W2310992461","https://openalex.org/W2587828787","https://openalex.org/W2613041730","https://openalex.org/W2613456556","https://openalex.org/W2732063980","https://openalex.org/W2751909359","https://openalex.org/W2891118631","https://openalex.org/W2938558375","https://openalex.org/W2963046541","https://openalex.org/W2963495494","https://openalex.org/W2963717741","https://openalex.org/W3021137017","https://openalex.org/W3028279406","https://openalex.org/W3045605181","https://openalex.org/W3088910991","https://openalex.org/W3121461282","https://openalex.org/W3142717613","https://openalex.org/W3144727859","https://openalex.org/W3145132551","https://openalex.org/W3149990595","https://openalex.org/W3150452586","https://openalex.org/W3164866755","https://openalex.org/W3174184163","https://openalex.org/W3214910576","https://openalex.org/W4210347885","https://openalex.org/W4226488683","https://openalex.org/W4284973149","https://openalex.org/W4313531537","https://openalex.org/W6631943919"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W3045908633","https://openalex.org/W2357461155","https://openalex.org/W2384129116","https://openalex.org/W3010616741","https://openalex.org/W2807240930","https://openalex.org/W4293538888","https://openalex.org/W4319792277","https://openalex.org/W3078840574","https://openalex.org/W4315628371"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Brain":[0],"tumors":[1,21],"are":[2,175,193],"among":[3],"the":[4,28,53,58,70,102,166,201,227,230,236,249,263,266,273,276],"deadliest":[5],"forms":[6],"of":[7,13,19,30,60,82,89,136,226,232,235,265,275],"cancer,":[8],"characterized":[9],"by":[10,34,186],"abnormal":[11],"proliferation":[12],"brain":[14,20,64,112,257],"cells.":[15],"While":[16],"early":[17],"identification":[18],"can":[22,47],"greatly":[23],"aid":[24],"in":[25,52,87,140,256,262],"their":[26],"therapy,":[27],"process":[29],"manual":[31],"segmentation":[32,264],"performed":[33],"expert":[35],"doctors,":[36],"which":[37,199],"is":[38,76,217,281],"often":[39],"time-consuming,":[40],"tedious,":[41],"and":[42,72,84,92,162,168,239,252,268],"prone":[43],"to":[44,79,142,146,158,181,210,219],"human":[45],"error,":[46],"act":[48],"as":[49],"a":[50,97,116,132,143,196],"bottleneck":[51],"diagnostic":[54],"process.":[55],"This":[56,94],"motivates":[57],"development":[59],"automated":[61],"algorithms":[62],"for":[63,110,127],"tumor":[65,74,113,212,241,258,270],"segmentation.":[66],"However,":[67],"accurately":[68],"segmenting":[69,111],"enhanced":[71],"core":[73,240,267],"regions":[75,114],"complicated":[77],"due":[78],"high":[80],"levels":[81,205],"inter-":[83],"intra-tumor":[85],"heterogeneity":[86],"terms":[88],"texture,":[90],"morphology,":[91],"shape.":[93],"study":[95],"proposes":[96],"fully":[98],"automatic":[99],"method":[100,130],"called":[101],"selective":[103,122],"deeply":[104],"supervised":[105],"multi-scale":[106,117,152],"attention":[107,118,179],"network":[108,119],"(SDS-MSA-Net)":[109],"using":[115],"with":[120,229],"novel":[121],"deep":[123],"supervision":[124],"(SDS)":[125],"mechanisms":[126],"training.":[128],"The":[129,150,190,214,243],"utilizes":[131],"3D":[133,167],"input":[134],"composed":[135],"five":[137],"consecutive":[138],"slices,":[139],"addition":[141],"2D":[144,169],"slice,":[145],"maintain":[147],"sequential":[148],"information.":[149],"proposed":[151,244,277],"architecture":[153],"includes":[154],"two":[155],"encoding":[156],"units":[157,180],"extract":[159],"meaningful":[160],"global":[161],"local":[163],"features":[164,174,192,202,222],"from":[165,223],"inputs,":[170],"respectively.":[171],"These":[172],"coarse":[173],"then":[176],"passed":[177],"through":[178],"filter":[182],"out":[183],"redundant":[184],"information":[185],"assigning":[187],"lower":[188],"weights.":[189],"refined":[191],"fed":[194],"into":[195],"decoder":[197],"block,":[198],"upscales":[200],"at":[203],"various":[204],"while":[206],"learning":[207],"patterns":[208],"relevant":[209],"all":[211],"regions.":[213,242],"SDS":[215],"block":[216],"introduced":[218],"immediately":[220],"upscale":[221],"intermediate":[224],"layers":[225],"decoder,":[228],"aim":[231],"producing":[233],"segmentations":[234],"whole,":[237],"enhanced,":[238],"framework":[245],"was":[246],"evaluated":[247],"on":[248],"BraTS2020":[250],"dataset":[251],"showed":[253],"improved":[254],"performance":[255],"region":[259],"segmentation,":[260],"particularly":[261],"enhancing":[269],"regions,":[271],"demonstrating":[272],"effectiveness":[274],"approach.":[278],"Our":[279],"code":[280],"publicly":[282],"available.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}