{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321375493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042295","title":"A Wavelet Derivative Spectrum Length Method of TFBG Sensor Demodulation","display_name":"A Wavelet Derivative Spectrum Length Method of TFBG Sensor Demodulation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321375493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042295","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36850891"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23042295","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042295","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2295/pdf?version=1676857323","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2295/pdf?version=1676857323","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010826777","display_name":"S\u0142awomir Ci\u0119szczyk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3986-2690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8264552","display_name":"Lublin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024zjzd49","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8264552"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S\u0142awomir Ci\u0119szczyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38A, 20-618 Lublin, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3986-2690","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38A, 20-618 Lublin, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8264552"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086899613","display_name":"Krzysztof Skorupski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8966-1512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8264552","display_name":"Lublin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024zjzd49","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8264552"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krzysztof Skorupski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38A, 20-618 Lublin, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38A, 20-618 Lublin, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8264552"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076490518","display_name":"Martyna Wawrzyk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0380-0949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8264552","display_name":"Lublin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024zjzd49","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8264552"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martyna Wawrzyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Doctoral School, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38D/406, 20-618 Lublin, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Doctoral School, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38D/406, 20-618 Lublin, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8264552"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031211189","display_name":"Patryk Panas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0740-8976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8264552","display_name":"Lublin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024zjzd49","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8264552"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patryk Panas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38A, 20-618 Lublin, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38A, 20-618 Lublin, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8264552"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010826777"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8264552"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.6231,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66014161,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"4","first_page":"2295","last_page":"2295"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10846","display_name":"Photonic Crystal and Fiber Optics","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.7307407855987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.634064793586731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5818577408790588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.5817537903785706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5343873500823975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.5156899690628052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/derivative","display_name":"Derivative (finance)","score":0.5102417469024658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.4796352982521057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4685467481613159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.4564022123813629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.44590815901756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength","display_name":"Wavelength","score":0.4395873546600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4316670298576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3464389443397522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.22965648770332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.15883734822273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1352139115333557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10427874326705933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09106728434562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08625271916389465}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.7307407855987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.634064793586731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5818577408790588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.5817537903785706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5343873500823975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5156899690628052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111771559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66295","display_name":"Derivative (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5102417469024658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.4796352982521057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4685467481613159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4564022123813629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.44590815901756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.4395873546600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4316670298576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3464389443397522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.22965648770332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.15883734822273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1352139115333557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10427874326705933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09106728434562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08625271916389465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553","display_name":"Financial economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23042295","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042295","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2295/pdf?version=1676857323","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36850891","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36850891","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9965686","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9965686","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9965686/pdf/sensors-23-02295.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:948a80ef1c2742bfa5f1e7cde5c75482","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/948a80ef1c2742bfa5f1e7cde5c75482","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 4, p 2295 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/4/2295/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23042295","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042295","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2295/pdf?version=1676857323","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2425698128","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FD-20/EE-2/301","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316854","funder_display_name":"Politechnika Lubelska"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316854","display_name":"Politechnika Lubelska","ror":"https://ror.org/024zjzd49"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321375493.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W951010298","https://openalex.org/W1553042001","https://openalex.org/W1974756617","https://openalex.org/W1987630287","https://openalex.org/W2000209390","https://openalex.org/W2001212813","https://openalex.org/W2005963684","https://openalex.org/W2007225752","https://openalex.org/W2011568331","https://openalex.org/W2027192247","https://openalex.org/W2050587472","https://openalex.org/W2062907240","https://openalex.org/W2068769617","https://openalex.org/W2135429672","https://openalex.org/W2167134945","https://openalex.org/W2746133102","https://openalex.org/W2765597649","https://openalex.org/W2810258390","https://openalex.org/W2907815629","https://openalex.org/W2909160128","https://openalex.org/W2946428126","https://openalex.org/W2976592119","https://openalex.org/W3008797917","https://openalex.org/W3028098357","https://openalex.org/W3042020795","https://openalex.org/W3084136769","https://openalex.org/W3176954973","https://openalex.org/W4205407213","https://openalex.org/W4213162292","https://openalex.org/W4220722861","https://openalex.org/W4224274831","https://openalex.org/W4229003355","https://openalex.org/W4285254664","https://openalex.org/W4292794774","https://openalex.org/W6657205792","https://openalex.org/W6808232862","https://openalex.org/W6839109490"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996543123","https://openalex.org/W4388516297","https://openalex.org/W2010761432","https://openalex.org/W4389302182","https://openalex.org/W4229074657","https://openalex.org/W2089955640","https://openalex.org/W1978322239","https://openalex.org/W2146363836","https://openalex.org/W4285175290","https://openalex.org/W2077021924"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fibre":[0],"optic":[1],"sensors":[2],"using":[3,132],"tilted":[4],"fibre":[5],"Bragg":[6],"grating":[7],"(TFBG)":[8],"have":[9],"high":[10],"sensitivity":[11],"for":[12,116],"refractive":[13],"index":[14],"measurements.":[15],"In":[16,63],"order":[17],"to":[18,79,84,99,157],"achieve":[19],"good":[20],"metrological":[21],"parameters":[22],"of":[23,29,44,58,70,92,103,124,140,147,161,164],"the":[24,39,45,56,59,64,67,81,86,101,108,125,129,133,137,141,159,162,186],"measurement,":[25],"an":[26,42,96],"appropriate":[27,114],"method":[28,36,181],"spectrum":[30,71],"demodulation":[31],"must":[32],"be":[33,155],"used.":[34],"The":[35,49,90,111,122,144],"proposed":[37],"in":[38],"article":[40,77],"is":[41,53,95,113,178],"improvement":[43],"spectral":[46,50,126,149],"length":[47,51,127,188],"algorithm.":[48,189],"parameter":[52],"treated":[54],"as":[55],"sum":[57],"derivative":[60,88,130],"filter":[61],"responses.":[62],"original":[65],"version,":[66],"first":[68],"difference":[69],"elements":[72],"was":[73],"used,":[74],"while":[75],"this":[76,93,177],"proposes":[78],"use":[80],"wavelet":[82,134],"transform":[83,135],"calculate":[85],"numerical":[87],"approximation.":[89],"advantage":[91],"solution":[94],"easy":[97],"way":[98],"select":[100],"level":[102],"smoothing":[104,153],"filtration":[105],"by":[106,128],"changing":[107],"scale":[109],"parameter.":[110],"derivation":[112],"even":[115],"a":[117,179],"relatively":[118],"low":[119],"signal-to-noise":[120],"level.":[121],"approximation":[123],"calculated":[131],"eliminates":[136],"high-frequency":[138],"noise":[139],"optical":[142],"signal.":[143],"absolute":[145],"value":[146],"determined":[148],"derivatives":[150],"after":[151],"significant":[152],"can":[154],"used":[156],"estimate":[158],"wavelength":[160],"decay":[163],"modes.":[165],"After":[166],"analyzing":[167],"experimental":[168],"data":[169],"and":[170],"performing":[171],"calculations,":[172],"it":[173],"turns":[174],"out":[175],"that":[176],"linear":[180],"with":[182],"better":[183],"resolution":[184],"than":[185],"contour":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
