{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4320921128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042140","title":"Sensitivity Deterioration of Free-Space Optical Coherent/Non-Coherent OOK Modulation Receiver by Ambient Light Noise","display_name":"Sensitivity Deterioration of Free-Space Optical Coherent/Non-Coherent OOK Modulation Receiver by Ambient Light Noise","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4320921128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042140","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36850737"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23042140","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042140","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2140/pdf?version=1676528290","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2140/pdf?version=1676528290","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082252942","display_name":"Weijie Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2731-1127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135349","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/03g897070","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210135349"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weijie Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2731-1127","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135349","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074336929","display_name":"Jianfeng Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-1060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135349","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/03g897070","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210135349"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jianfeng Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Space Laser Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Space Laser Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135349"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049444275","display_name":"Haisheng Cong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135349","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/03g897070","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210135349"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haisheng Cong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135349","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101815953","display_name":"Yuxin Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9797-5116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135349","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/03g897070","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210135349"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxin Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135349","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074336929"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135349"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.2492,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49971954,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"4","first_page":"2140","last_page":"2140"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.6350745558738708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/on-off-keying","display_name":"On-off keying","score":0.622086763381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keying","display_name":"Keying","score":0.603242039680481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude-shift-keying","display_name":"Amplitude-shift keying","score":0.5903406143188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.5644609928131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-space-optical-communication","display_name":"Free-space optical communication","score":0.5556445717811584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-communication","display_name":"Optical communication","score":0.5551398992538452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4969923794269562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4961422383785248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4614357650279999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.40706267952919006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.37799596786499023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2674180865287781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.22868967056274414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.22309079766273499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.21011775732040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20559322834014893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.07846692204475403}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6350745558738708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170030856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136128","display_name":"On-off keying","level":5,"score":0.622086763381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.603242039680481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777973058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477284","display_name":"Amplitude-shift keying","level":5,"score":0.5903406143188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.5644609928131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197000039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2027432","display_name":"Free-space optical communication","level":3,"score":0.5556445717811584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.5551398992538452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4969923794269562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4961422383785248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4614357650279999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.40706267952919006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.37799596786499023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2674180865287781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.22868967056274414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.22309079766273499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.21011775732040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20559322834014893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.07846692204475403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23042140","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042140","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2140/pdf?version=1676528290","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36850737","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36850737","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9959697","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9959697","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9959697/pdf/sensors-23-02140.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:217b5decfbec4255a4a1604673e0fdc5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/217b5decfbec4255a4a1604673e0fdc5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 4, p 2140 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/4/2140/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042140","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23042140","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042140","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2140/pdf?version=1676528290","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4320921128.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1256579998","https://openalex.org/W1544258906","https://openalex.org/W1963899157","https://openalex.org/W1981312860","https://openalex.org/W2004043628","https://openalex.org/W2009629532","https://openalex.org/W2019155697","https://openalex.org/W2023677778","https://openalex.org/W2030559380","https://openalex.org/W2031899254","https://openalex.org/W2033194764","https://openalex.org/W2046633898","https://openalex.org/W2047005436","https://openalex.org/W2056419735","https://openalex.org/W2067740842","https://openalex.org/W2069563913","https://openalex.org/W2070630277","https://openalex.org/W2076693417","https://openalex.org/W2087803653","https://openalex.org/W2102613206","https://openalex.org/W2103455447","https://openalex.org/W2109699170","https://openalex.org/W2109743570","https://openalex.org/W2138899171","https://openalex.org/W2152526882","https://openalex.org/W2154952466","https://openalex.org/W2155707776","https://openalex.org/W2274423019","https://openalex.org/W2294661671","https://openalex.org/W2312977321","https://openalex.org/W2511038469","https://openalex.org/W2593249203","https://openalex.org/W2738863408","https://openalex.org/W2753032339","https://openalex.org/W2800589440","https://openalex.org/W2802515590","https://openalex.org/W2894577636","https://openalex.org/W2944029238","https://openalex.org/W3004908124","https://openalex.org/W3046739104","https://openalex.org/W3163817752","https://openalex.org/W3199598459","https://openalex.org/W3210181944","https://openalex.org/W4285065345","https://openalex.org/W4285269534","https://openalex.org/W4295532996","https://openalex.org/W6762513624","https://openalex.org/W6801910603"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3106892593","https://openalex.org/W3004908124","https://openalex.org/W4245254780","https://openalex.org/W2963190840","https://openalex.org/W2402188480","https://openalex.org/W3026616010","https://openalex.org/W3132007615","https://openalex.org/W2774991788","https://openalex.org/W2786437488","https://openalex.org/W1511774283"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,45,61],"free-space":[1],"optical":[2,64],"(FSO)":[3],"communication":[4,33,48],"systems,":[5,66],"on\u2013off":[6],"keying":[7],"(OOK)":[8],"is":[9,165,185],"a":[10,32,39,57,96,128],"widely":[11],"used":[12],"modulation":[13],"format.":[14],"Coherent":[15,168],"and":[16,25,38,109,116,124,169],"non-coherent":[17,125,155,170],"OOK":[18],"receivers":[19,89,171],"with":[20,31,99,127,140,173],"sensitivities":[21],"of":[22,35,43,79,87,107,121,162,196],"\u221254.60":[23],"dBm":[24],"\u221251.25":[26],"dBm,":[27],"respectively,":[28],"were":[29,113],"built":[30],"rate":[34,42],"1":[36],"Gbit/s":[37],"bit":[40],"error":[41],"10\u22123.":[44],"an":[46],"FSO":[47,67],"system,":[49],"the":[50,83,88,101,104,110,133,141,158,163,166,181,192,197,204],"parameters":[51],"must":[52],"be":[53,200],"designed":[54],"to":[55,63],"ensure":[56],"sufficient":[58],"link":[59],"margin.":[60],"contrast":[62],"fiber":[65,85],"systems":[68],"have":[69],"ambient":[70],"light":[71,98],"(AL)":[72],"noise":[73,108,152,194],"such":[74],"as":[75],"sunlight.":[76,179],"The":[77],"efficiency":[78],"sunlight":[80],"coupling":[81],"in":[82,92,103,119,177],"single-mode":[84],"(SMF)":[86],"was":[90],"calculated":[91],"this":[93],"study.":[94],"For":[95,130],"signal":[97],"AL,":[100],"change":[102],"main":[105],"components":[106],"sensitivity":[111,135],"deterioration":[112,136],"theoretically":[114],"analyzed":[115],"experimentally":[117],"verified":[118],"conditions":[120],"coherent":[122,131,147],"reception":[123,126,148,156],"preamplifier.":[129],"reception,":[132],"theoretical":[134],"results":[137,143],"are":[138],"consistent":[139],"experimental":[142],"which":[144],"indicate":[145],"that":[146],"exhibits":[149],"better":[150],"anti-AL":[151,193],"performance":[153,195],"than":[154,187],"when":[157],"power":[159],"spectral":[160],"density":[161],"AL":[164],"same.":[167],"coupled":[172],"SMF":[174],"can":[175,199],"work":[176],"direct":[178],"When":[180],"receiver":[182,198,205],"lens":[183,206],"diameter":[184],"greater":[186],"4.88":[188],"\u00d7":[189],"10\u22124":[190],"m,":[191],"improved":[201],"by":[202],"increasing":[203],"diameter.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}