{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4320495880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042064","title":"How Accurately Can Wearable Sensors Assess Low Back Disorder Risks during Material Handling? Exploring the Fundamental Capabilities and Limitations of Different Sensor Signals","display_name":"How Accurately Can Wearable Sensors Assess Low Back Disorder Risks during Material Handling? Exploring the Fundamental Capabilities and Limitations of Different Sensor Signals","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4320495880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042064","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36850663"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23042064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042064","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2064/pdf?version=1677036308","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2064/pdf?version=1677036308","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047005988","display_name":"Cameron A. Nurse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7296-7550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cameron A. Nurse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036175907","display_name":"Laura J. Judson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4977-1845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Jade Elstub","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA","Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4977-1845","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018179115","display_name":"P\u00e9ter V\u00f6lgyesi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7478-4317"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160740","display_name":"Integrated Software (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05dp7m259","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160740"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Volgyesi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Software Integrated Systems, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Software Integrated Systems, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160740","https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000641965","display_name":"Karl E. Zelik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-2479"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karl E. Zelik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA","Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA","Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047005988"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.542,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88201669,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"4","first_page":"2064","last_page":"2064"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12006","display_name":"Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12269","display_name":"Effects of Vibration on Health","score":0.9836000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-measurement-unit","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","score":0.8498355150222778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.7810354232788086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trunk","display_name":"Trunk","score":0.5792732834815979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5668010115623474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-capture","display_name":"Motion capture","score":0.5657008290290833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/units-of-measurement","display_name":"Units of measurement","score":0.5613906979560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"Risk assessment","score":0.4700806438922882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.4518938362598419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.424092173576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40586400032043457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3818033039569855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.3278532028198242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1619354784488678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.10661959648132324}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79061980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q941680","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","level":2,"score":0.8498355150222778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.7810354232788086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193472","display_name":"Trunk","level":2,"score":0.5792732834815979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5668010115623474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48007421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676252","display_name":"Motion capture","level":3,"score":0.5657008290290833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151233233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47574","display_name":"Units of measurement","level":2,"score":0.5613906979560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.4700806438922882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.4518938362598419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.424092173576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40586400032043457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3818033039569855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.3278532028198242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1619354784488678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10661959648132324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005528","descriptor_name":"Foot","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005528","descriptor_name":"Foot","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005528","descriptor_name":"Foot","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005528","descriptor_name":"Foot","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035002","descriptor_name":"Lower Extremity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035002","descriptor_name":"Lower Extremity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035002","descriptor_name":"Lower Extremity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035002","descriptor_name":"Lower Extremity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23042064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042064","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2064/pdf?version=1677036308","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36850663","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36850663","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9963039","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9963039","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9963039/pdf/sensors-23-02064.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6f3cc3f6dcce47719b57c36108eb63f4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6f3cc3f6dcce47719b57c36108eb63f4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 4, p 2064 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/4/2064/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23042064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042064","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/2064/pdf?version=1677036308","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4162649477","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01EB028105","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4320495880.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1870842220","https://openalex.org/W1988195085","https://openalex.org/W2008233111","https://openalex.org/W2019479849","https://openalex.org/W2040488215","https://openalex.org/W2041757785","https://openalex.org/W2056210112","https://openalex.org/W2069950830","https://openalex.org/W2082622400","https://openalex.org/W2181874338","https://openalex.org/W2183446018","https://openalex.org/W2247200904","https://openalex.org/W2461171737","https://openalex.org/W2485498710","https://openalex.org/W2560007091","https://openalex.org/W2611671935","https://openalex.org/W2614348207","https://openalex.org/W2744566983","https://openalex.org/W2783614039","https://openalex.org/W2891489434","https://openalex.org/W2916481247","https://openalex.org/W2922010363","https://openalex.org/W2990168542","https://openalex.org/W3004364433","https://openalex.org/W3022356605","https://openalex.org/W3038201058","https://openalex.org/W3041476299","https://openalex.org/W3046859269","https://openalex.org/W3091925322","https://openalex.org/W3093846139","https://openalex.org/W3115374425","https://openalex.org/W3119426126","https://openalex.org/W3203923637","https://openalex.org/W3210764691","https://openalex.org/W4290087578","https://openalex.org/W6638942106","https://openalex.org/W6685918192","https://openalex.org/W6747761134","https://openalex.org/W6759940498","https://openalex.org/W6780329325"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967422967","https://openalex.org/W2029881158","https://openalex.org/W3196140453","https://openalex.org/W4244061106","https://openalex.org/W3044242125","https://openalex.org/W2978426962","https://openalex.org/W2768468910","https://openalex.org/W2037990170","https://openalex.org/W2999148748","https://openalex.org/W2092597637"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Low":[0],"back":[1],"disorders":[2],"(LBDs)":[3],"are":[4],"a":[5,80,103,109,120,168],"leading":[6],"occupational":[7],"health":[8],"issue.":[9],"Wearable":[10],"sensors,":[11],"such":[12],"as":[13],"inertial":[14],"measurement":[15],"units":[16],"(IMUs)":[17],"and/or":[18],"pressure":[19,84,188],"insoles,":[20],"could":[21],"automate":[22],"and":[23,44,75,83,119,187],"enhance":[24],"the":[25,165,185],"ergonomic":[26,122],"assessment":[27,95,123,174],"of":[28,54,131,167],"LBD":[29,69,132,144,154,172],"risks":[30],"during":[31,175],"material":[32,176],"handling.":[33],"However,":[34],"much":[35,90],"remains":[36],"unknown":[37],"about":[38,164],"which":[39],"sensor":[40],"signals":[41],"to":[42,58,196],"use":[43],"how":[45],"accurately":[46,65,197],"sensors":[47],"can":[48,66],"estimate":[49,68],"injury":[50],"risk.":[51],"The":[52],"objective":[53],"this":[55,93],"study":[56],"was":[57],"address":[59],"two":[60],"open":[61],"questions:":[62],"(1)":[63],"How":[64,89],"we":[67],"risk":[70,94,133,155,173],"when":[71],"combining":[72,181],"trunk":[73,81,100,104,128,186],"motion":[74,101],"under-the-foot":[76,148],"force":[77,149],"data":[78,150],"(simulating":[79,102],"IMU":[82,105,170,183],"insoles":[85,189],"used":[86],"together)?":[87],"(2)":[88],"greater":[91],"is":[92],"accuracy":[96],"than":[97],"using":[98,112],"only":[99],"alone)?":[106],"We":[107,125],"developed":[108],"data-driven":[110],"simulation":[111],"randomized":[113],"lifting":[114],"tasks,":[115],"machine":[116],"learning":[117],"algorithms,":[118],"validated":[121],"tool.":[124],"found":[126],"that":[127,180],"motion-based":[129],"estimates":[130,156],"were":[134],"not":[135],"strongly":[136,152],"correlated":[137,153],"(r":[138,157],"range:":[139,158],"0.20-0.56)":[140],"with":[141,190],"ground":[142],"truth":[143],"risk,":[145],"but":[146,178],"adding":[147],"yielded":[151],"0.93-0.98).":[159],"These":[160],"results":[161],"raise":[162],"questions":[163],"adequacy":[166],"single":[169],"for":[171],"handling":[177],"suggest":[179],"an":[182],"on":[184],"trained":[191],"algorithms":[192],"may":[193],"be":[194],"able":[195],"assess":[198],"risks.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}