{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4317728438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23031271","title":"Design of Laboratory Stand for Displacement Measurement of IPMC Actuators","display_name":"Design of Laboratory Stand for Displacement Measurement of IPMC Actuators","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4317728438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23031271","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36772310"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23031271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23031271","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/3/1271/pdf?version=1675393496","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/3/1271/pdf?version=1675393496","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068989842","display_name":"Karina Ko\u015blik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karina Ko\u015blik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechatronics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechatronics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078562769","display_name":"Pawe\u0142 Kowol","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5855-7763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pawe\u0142 Kowol","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechatronics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5855-7763","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechatronics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049755880","display_name":"Rafa\u0142 Brociek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7255-6951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rafa\u0142 Brociek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics Applications and Methods for Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Applied Mathematics, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7255-6951","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics Applications and Methods for Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Applied Mathematics, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055804426","display_name":"Agata Wajda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1667-3328"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agata Wajda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Energy and Fuel Processing Technology, Zamkowa 1, 41-803 Zabrze, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1667-3328","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Energy and Fuel Processing Technology, Zamkowa 1, 41-803 Zabrze, Poland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048176614","display_name":"Grazia Lo Sciuto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9384-7232"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT","PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grazia Lo Sciuto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronics and Informatics Engineering, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy","Department of Mechatronics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9384-7232","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronics and Informatics Engineering, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechatronics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049755880"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.313,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50105448,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"3","first_page":"1271","last_page":"1271"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11608","display_name":"Dielectric materials and actuators","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11608","display_name":"Dielectric materials and actuators","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10511","display_name":"High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6852093935012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.6790496110916138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deflection","display_name":"Deflection (physics)","score":0.6178916692733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/displacement","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","score":0.5869386196136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.5687023997306824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.566814124584198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transducer","display_name":"Transducer","score":0.5289670825004578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.46655529737472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.33375614881515503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2087487280368805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17687129974365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1177515983581543}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6852093935012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.6790496110916138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781355719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2080698","display_name":"Deflection (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6178916692733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107551265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458245","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5869386196136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.5687023997306824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.566814124584198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.5289670825004578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.46655529737472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.33375614881515503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2087487280368805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17687129974365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1177515983581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23031271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23031271","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/3/1271/pdf?version=1675393496","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36772310","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36772310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9919193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9919193","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9919193/pdf/sensors-23-01271.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:60a3579d018348e8ab1bd9d8356a8a96","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/60a3579d018348e8ab1bd9d8356a8a96","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 3, p 1271 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/3/1271/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031271","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23031271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23031271","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/3/1271/pdf?version=1675393496","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4317728438.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978827475","https://openalex.org/W1986004784","https://openalex.org/W2014166794","https://openalex.org/W2114072260","https://openalex.org/W2495356005","https://openalex.org/W2607148400","https://openalex.org/W2769147444","https://openalex.org/W2791850854","https://openalex.org/W2883535535","https://openalex.org/W2890709864","https://openalex.org/W2892237214","https://openalex.org/W2910225515","https://openalex.org/W2912439495","https://openalex.org/W2958696637","https://openalex.org/W2964549778","https://openalex.org/W2972698667","https://openalex.org/W2991548002","https://openalex.org/W3040594567","https://openalex.org/W3131880263","https://openalex.org/W3133262628","https://openalex.org/W3134202713","https://openalex.org/W3198200577","https://openalex.org/W4200626682","https://openalex.org/W4206199709","https://openalex.org/W4206978651","https://openalex.org/W4207008279","https://openalex.org/W4211086683","https://openalex.org/W4220818477","https://openalex.org/W4220932064","https://openalex.org/W4283795532","https://openalex.org/W4283807437","https://openalex.org/W4290999109","https://openalex.org/W4293512006","https://openalex.org/W4311687972","https://openalex.org/W6791417942"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974895211","https://openalex.org/W2176409448","https://openalex.org/W2129841057","https://openalex.org/W3040712279","https://openalex.org/W2364769705","https://openalex.org/W2056136368","https://openalex.org/W2374664672","https://openalex.org/W4367555392","https://openalex.org/W2538520412","https://openalex.org/W2066459308"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,35,77,141],"polymer":[1,11],"technology":[2],"based":[3],"on":[4,110,159],"Electroactive":[5],"polymers":[6],"and":[7,15,43,54,63,86,93,104,173],"metal":[8],"composite":[9],"ionic":[10],"has":[12,96],"great":[13],"potential":[14],"advantages":[16],"in":[17,153,156],"many":[18],"engineering":[19],"fields.":[20],"In":[21,128],"this":[22],"paper,":[23],"a":[24,39,44,60,64,118,165,168],"laboratory":[25,36],"stand":[26],"for":[27,47],"testing":[28],"Ionic":[29],"polymer-metal":[30],"composites":[31],"(IPMC)":[32],"is":[33,133,137],"presented.":[34],"station":[37],"includes":[38],"power":[40],"supply":[41],"system":[42,46],"measuring":[45],"the":[48,73,98,105,111,134,138,144,157,160],"displacement":[49,112,139],"of":[50,80,101,107,130,143,164],"IPMC":[51,74],"composites.":[52],"Tests":[53],"measurements":[55],"are":[56],"carried":[57],"out":[58],"using":[59],"laser":[61],"transducer":[62],"camera":[65],"equipped":[66],"with":[67,172],"image":[68],"analysis":[69],"software":[70],"to":[71],"determine":[72],"strips":[75],"displacement.":[76],"experimental":[78],"investigation":[79],"IPMCs":[81],"under":[82,146],"different":[83],"voltage":[84,120],"supplies":[85],"waveforms,":[87],"environmental":[88],"working":[89],"humidity":[90],"conditions,":[91],"temperature,":[92],"loading":[94],"conditions":[95],"proved":[97],"significant":[99],"influence":[100],"geometric":[102],"dimension":[103],"effect":[106],"increased":[108,123],"stress":[109],"value.":[113,140],"For":[114,162],"materials":[115],"powered":[116],"by":[117],"higher":[119,136],"value,":[121],"an":[122,154],"deflection":[124],"value":[125],"was":[126],"noted.":[127],"case":[129],"displacement,":[131],"longer":[132],"sample,":[135],"length":[142],"sample":[145],"load,":[147],"affects":[148],"adversely":[149],"its":[150],"performance,":[151],"resulting":[152],"increase":[155],"load":[158,175],"sample.":[161],"samples":[163],"thick":[166],"size,":[167],"more":[169],"stable":[170],"movement":[171],"without":[174],"can":[176],"be":[177],"noticed.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
