{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313648826","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23020634","title":"Survey of Explainable AI Techniques in Healthcare","display_name":"Survey of Explainable AI Techniques in Healthcare","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313648826","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23020634","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36679430"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23020634","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23020634","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/634/pdf?version=1672988781","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/634/pdf?version=1672988781","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024700033","display_name":"Ahmad Chaddad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3402-9576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5343935","display_name":"Guilin University of Electronic Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05arjae42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA","CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Chaddad","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Jinji Road, Guilin 541004, China","The Laboratory for Imagery Vision and Artificial Intelligence, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, 1100 Rue Notre Dame O, Montreal, QC H3C 1K3, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Jinji Road, Guilin 541004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Laboratory for Imagery Vision and Artificial Intelligence, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, 1100 Rue Notre Dame O, Montreal, QC H3C 1K3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009757263","display_name":"Jihao Peng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5343935","display_name":"Guilin University of Electronic Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05arjae42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihao Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Jinji Road, Guilin 541004, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Jinji Road, Guilin 541004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007939424","display_name":"Jian Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2348-125X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5343935","display_name":"Guilin University of Electronic Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05arjae42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Jinji Road, Guilin 541004, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Jinji Road, Guilin 541004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033623398","display_name":"Ahmed Bouridane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1474-2772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29891158","display_name":"University of Sharjah","ror":"https://ror.org/00engpz63","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Bouridane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Data Analytics and Cybersecurity, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Data Analytics and Cybersecurity, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024700033"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5343935","https://openalex.org/I9736820"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":85.0393,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":490,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99961997,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"2","first_page":"634","last_page":"634"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.8344701528549194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6099498867988586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.5909929275512695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.58399897813797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5698572993278503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5556188821792603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5361195802688599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5202416181564331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.5030545592308044}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.8344701528549194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6099498867988586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.5909929275512695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.58399897813797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5698572993278503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5556188821792603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5361195802688599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5202416181564331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.5030545592308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010820","descriptor_name":"Physicians","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010820","descriptor_name":"Physicians","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010820","descriptor_name":"Physicians","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010820","descriptor_name":"Physicians","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012108","descriptor_name":"Research Personnel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012108","descriptor_name":"Research Personnel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012108","descriptor_name":"Research Personnel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012108","descriptor_name":"Research Personnel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23020634","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23020634","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/634/pdf?version=1672988781","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36679430","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36679430","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9862413","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9862413","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9862413/pdf/sensors-23-00634.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:04c4490b59c540998ab254c73305ca9a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/04c4490b59c540998ab254c73305ca9a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 2, p 634 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/2/634/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020634","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 2; Pages: 634","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23020634","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23020634","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/634/pdf?version=1672988781","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313648826.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":120,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1787224781","https://openalex.org/W1849277567","https://openalex.org/W1895577753","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2180612164","https://openalex.org/W2195388612","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2295107390","https://openalex.org/W2528491735","https://openalex.org/W2764024122","https://openalex.org/W2765813195","https://openalex.org/W2796885425","https://openalex.org/W2811104224","https://openalex.org/W2891503716","https://openalex.org/W2897042519","https://openalex.org/W2900936384","https://openalex.org/W2917767525","https://openalex.org/W2945976633","https://openalex.org/W2946086971","https://openalex.org/W2950768109","https://openalex.org/W2958089299","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2962862931","https://openalex.org/W2963075078","https://openalex.org/W2963483561","https://openalex.org/W2963775347","https://openalex.org/W2963910535","https://openalex.org/W2968511602","https://openalex.org/W2973009097","https://openalex.org/W2974071289","https://openalex.org/W2981731882","https://openalex.org/W2995523160","https://openalex.org/W2996061341","https://openalex.org/W2998055673","https://openalex.org/W3000120900","https://openalex.org/W3004612364","https://openalex.org/W3010300896","https://openalex.org/W3013718222","https://openalex.org/W3016950572","https://openalex.org/W3017521469","https://openalex.org/W3037666819","https://openalex.org/W3041378136","https://openalex.org/W3045238219","https://openalex.org/W3080237299","https://openalex.org/W3082965341","https://openalex.org/W3086200677","https://openalex.org/W3091163785","https://openalex.org/W3092032417","https://openalex.org/W3092530991","https://openalex.org/W3092743670","https://openalex.org/W3094553643","https://openalex.org/W3094828954","https://openalex.org/W3096906134","https://openalex.org/W3100279624","https://openalex.org/W3105777051","https://openalex.org/W3112635222","https://openalex.org/W3115168802","https://openalex.org/W3119394424","https://openalex.org/W3121044953","https://openalex.org/W3125997628","https://openalex.org/W3126227997","https://openalex.org/W3129581972","https://openalex.org/W3130171175","https://openalex.org/W3135243128","https://openalex.org/W3136075083","https://openalex.org/W3138819813","https://openalex.org/W3157400239","https://openalex.org/W3158735907","https://openalex.org/W3162428030","https://openalex.org/W3170542759","https://openalex.org/W3173496715","https://openalex.org/W3174714208","https://openalex.org/W3175762528","https://openalex.org/W3178601582","https://openalex.org/W3181414820","https://openalex.org/W3183198896","https://openalex.org/W3183906236","https://openalex.org/W3184230132","https://openalex.org/W3185530986","https://openalex.org/W3189279073","https://openalex.org/W3189411510","https://openalex.org/W3189934778","https://openalex.org/W3195042788","https://openalex.org/W3196036588","https://openalex.org/W3196345292","https://openalex.org/W3198147788","https://openalex.org/W3198525581","https://openalex.org/W3199999289","https://openalex.org/W3202023533","https://openalex.org/W3205643818","https://openalex.org/W3207388782","https://openalex.org/W3209901185","https://openalex.org/W3211317523","https://openalex.org/W3212368439","https://openalex.org/W3214024265","https://openalex.org/W3215430231","https://openalex.org/W3217151167","https://openalex.org/W4205344436","https://openalex.org/W4206997722","https://openalex.org/W4212905562","https://openalex.org/W4212930167","https://openalex.org/W4213440380","https://openalex.org/W4221089269","https://openalex.org/W4226148321","https://openalex.org/W4280603293","https://openalex.org/W4281659382","https://openalex.org/W4285094057","https://openalex.org/W4285816437","https://openalex.org/W4288048173","https://openalex.org/W4296467532","https://openalex.org/W4301398787","https://openalex.org/W4311248832","https://openalex.org/W4321786089","https://openalex.org/W4361285006","https://openalex.org/W4386701563","https://openalex.org/W6737947904","https://openalex.org/W6745359453","https://openalex.org/W6759934792","https://openalex.org/W6804023084","https://openalex.org/W7015098694"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2905433371","https://openalex.org/W2888392564","https://openalex.org/W4310278675","https://openalex.org/W4388422664","https://openalex.org/W4390569940","https://openalex.org/W4361193272","https://openalex.org/W2963326959","https://openalex.org/W3024479225","https://openalex.org/W3171371563","https://openalex.org/W3003847115"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"intelligence":[1],"(AI)":[2],"with":[3,30,186],"deep":[4,86,153],"learning":[5,87,154],"models":[6,155],"has":[7],"been":[8],"widely":[9],"applied":[10],"in":[11,107,129,142,159],"numerous":[12],"domains,":[13],"including":[14],"medical":[15,22,111,130,143,160,187],"imaging":[16,112,131],"and":[17,60,69,109,116,121,145,162,174],"healthcare":[18,108],"tasks.":[19],"In":[20,133],"the":[21,49,79,82,91,101,118,123,138],"field,":[23],"any":[24],"judgment":[25,68],"or":[26],"decision":[27],"is":[28,40],"fraught":[29],"risk.":[31],"A":[32],"doctor":[33],"will":[34],"carefully":[35],"judge":[36],"whether":[37],"a":[38,44,58,98],"patient":[39],"sick":[41],"before":[42],"forming":[43],"reasonable":[45],"explanation":[46],"based":[47],"on":[48,137,180,184],"patient's":[50],"symptoms":[51],"and/or":[52],"an":[53],"examination.":[54],"Therefore,":[55],"to":[56,65,77,126,148,171],"be":[57],"viable":[59],"accepted":[61],"tool,":[62],"AI":[63,74],"needs":[64],"mimic":[66],"human":[67],"interpretation":[70],"skills.":[71],"Specifically,":[72],"explainable":[73],"(XAI)":[75],"aims":[76],"explain":[78],"information":[80],"behind":[81],"black-box":[83],"model":[84],"of":[85,100,152],"that":[88],"reveals":[89],"how":[90],"decisions":[92],"are":[93],"made.":[94],"This":[95],"paper":[96],"provides":[97,168],"survey":[99,167],"most":[102],"recent":[103],"XAI":[104,119,140,157],"techniques":[105],"used":[106,125],"related":[110],"applications.":[113],"We":[114],"summarize":[115],"categorize":[117],"types,":[120],"highlight":[122],"algorithms":[124],"increase":[127],"interpretability":[128],"topics.":[132],"addition,":[134],"we":[135],"focus":[136],"challenging":[139],"problems":[141],"applications":[144,185],"provide":[146],"guidelines":[147],"develop":[149],"better":[150],"interpretations":[151],"using":[156],"concepts":[158],"image":[161],"text":[163],"analysis.":[164],"Furthermore,":[165],"this":[166],"future":[169,177],"directions":[170],"guide":[172],"developers":[173],"researchers":[175],"for":[176],"prospective":[178],"investigations":[179],"clinical":[181],"topics,":[182],"particularly":[183],"imaging.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":205},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":166},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":81}],"updated_date":"2026-04-06T07:47:59.780226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
