{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313582639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23020570","title":"Incorporating a Novel Dual Transfer Learning Approach for Medical Images","display_name":"Incorporating a Novel Dual Transfer Learning Approach for Medical Images","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313582639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23020570","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36679370"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23020570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23020570","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/570/pdf?version=1672823912","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/570/pdf?version=1672823912","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074813213","display_name":"Abdulrahman Abbas Mukhlif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1815-9223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27768575","display_name":"University of Anbar","ror":"https://ror.org/055a6gk50","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27768575"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulrahman Abbas Mukhlif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Anbar, Ramadi 31001, Anbar, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Anbar, Ramadi 31001, Anbar, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27768575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068021506","display_name":"Belal Al\u2010Khateeb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3066-0790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27768575","display_name":"University of Anbar","ror":"https://ror.org/055a6gk50","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27768575"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Belal Al-Khateeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Anbar, Ramadi 31001, Anbar, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3066-0790","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Anbar, Ramadi 31001, Anbar, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27768575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091151166","display_name":"Mazin Abed Mohammed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9030-8102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27768575","display_name":"University of Anbar","ror":"https://ror.org/055a6gk50","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27768575"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mazin Abed Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Anbar, Ramadi 31001, Anbar, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9030-8102","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Anbar, Ramadi 31001, Anbar, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27768575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091151166"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27768575"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":6.278,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97168512,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"2","first_page":"570","last_page":"570"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.6291224360466003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5926912426948547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5100651383399963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4376770257949829}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.6291224360466003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5926912426948547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5100651383399963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4376770257949829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012878","descriptor_name":"Skin Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012878","descriptor_name":"Skin Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012878","descriptor_name":"Skin Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012878","descriptor_name":"Skin Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23020570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23020570","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/570/pdf?version=1672823912","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36679370","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36679370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9866662","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9866662","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9866662/pdf/sensors-23-00570.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1cadcecbe4a04e469ec0e8e439915ab9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1cadcecbe4a04e469ec0e8e439915ab9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 2, p 570 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/2/570/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 2; Pages: 570","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23020570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23020570","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/570/pdf?version=1672823912","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313582639.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002507614","https://openalex.org/W2500751094","https://openalex.org/W2617669016","https://openalex.org/W2752517284","https://openalex.org/W2788686457","https://openalex.org/W2793076225","https://openalex.org/W2797527544","https://openalex.org/W2947272707","https://openalex.org/W2963395517","https://openalex.org/W2964677890","https://openalex.org/W2990126653","https://openalex.org/W2997214020","https://openalex.org/W3010938568","https://openalex.org/W3010982064","https://openalex.org/W3011430986","https://openalex.org/W3012250996","https://openalex.org/W3020996329","https://openalex.org/W3042430465","https://openalex.org/W3081500256","https://openalex.org/W3101294892","https://openalex.org/W3106205758","https://openalex.org/W3120255538","https://openalex.org/W3128905466","https://openalex.org/W3140103701","https://openalex.org/W3148908072","https://openalex.org/W3160122800","https://openalex.org/W3191756815","https://openalex.org/W4210634901","https://openalex.org/W4281388560","https://openalex.org/W4282936370","https://openalex.org/W4296685329","https://openalex.org/W6774926470","https://openalex.org/W6799947373","https://openalex.org/W6843722863"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W3123837699"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"transfer":[1],"learning":[2],"approaches":[3,16],"appeared":[4],"to":[5,22,40,67,117,122,126,133,210],"reduce":[6],"the":[7,23,26,29,33,52,57,89,100,112,128,134,143,148,157,160,183,206,211,214,222,246,249,256,279,283,294],"need":[8],"for":[9,235,253,267],"many":[10],"classified":[11,109],"medical":[12],"images.":[13],"However,":[14],"these":[15,277],"still":[17],"contain":[18],"some":[19],"limitations":[20],"due":[21],"mismatch":[24],"of":[25,54,96,99,108,111,130,150,159,213,248,293],"domain":[27,31],"between":[28,56],"source":[30,58],"and":[32,59,82,103,125,167,176,190,199,233,241,265,273],"target":[34,60,113],"domain.":[35],"Therefore,":[36],"this":[37],"study":[38],"aims":[39],"propose":[41],"a":[42,93,105],"novel":[43],"approach,":[44],"called":[45],"Dual":[46],"Transfer":[47],"Learning":[48],"(DTL),":[49],"based":[50],"on":[51,92,104,290],"convergence":[53],"patterns":[55],"domains.":[61],"The":[62,202],"proposed":[63,144,280],"approach":[64,145,281],"is":[65],"applied":[66],"four":[68],"pre-trained":[69],"models":[70,215],"(VGG16,":[71],"Xception,":[72],"ResNet50,":[73],"MobileNetV2)":[74],"using":[75,118],"two":[76],"datasets:":[77],"ISIC2020":[78,223],"skin":[79,218],"cancer":[80,85,219],"images":[81,98,110,220,247,292],"ICIAR2018":[83],"breast":[84,254],"images,":[86],"by":[87,172,195],"fine-tuning":[88,287],"last":[90],"layers":[91],"sufficient":[94],"number":[95,107,129],"unclassified":[97,291],"same":[101,295],"disease":[102],"small":[106],"task,":[114],"in":[115,221],"addition":[116],"data":[119,155,181],"augmentation":[120],"techniques":[121],"balance":[123],"classes":[124],"increase":[127],"samples.":[131],"According":[132],"obtained":[135,205,227,259],"results,":[136,278],"it":[137,226],"has":[138,146],"been":[139],"experimentally":[140],"proven":[141],"that":[142],"improved":[147,171,194,282],"performance":[149,158,208,285],"all":[151],"models,":[152],"where":[153],"without":[154],"augmentation,":[156,182],"VGG16":[161,184],"model,":[162,164,166,185,187,189],"Xception":[163,186,203,257],"ResNet50":[165,188],"MobileNetV2":[168,191],"model":[169,192,204,258],"are":[170,193],"0.28%,":[173],"10.96%,":[174],"15.73%,":[175],"10.4%,":[177],"respectively,":[178],"while,":[179],"with":[180],"19.66%,":[196],"34.76%,":[197],"31.76%,":[198],"33.03%,":[200],"respectively.":[201,243,275],"highest":[207],"compared":[209],"rest":[212],"when":[216,286],"classifying":[217],"dataset,":[224],"as":[225],"96.83%,":[228],"96.919%,":[229],"96.826%,":[230],"96.825%,":[231],"99.07%,":[232],"94.58%":[234],"accuracy,":[236,268],"precision,":[237,269],"recall,":[238,270],"F1-score,":[239,271],"sensitivity,":[240,272],"specificity":[242],"To":[244],"classify":[245],"ICIAR":[250],"2018":[251],"dataset":[252],"cancer,":[255],"99%,":[260,263],"99.003%,":[261],"98.995%,":[262],"98.55%,":[264],"99.14%":[266],"specificity,":[274],"Through":[276],"models'":[284],"was":[288],"performed":[289],"disease.":[296]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}