{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313388783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010467","title":"Stable and Accurate Estimation of SOC Using eXogenous Kalman Filter for Lithium-Ion Batteries","display_name":"Stable and Accurate Estimation of SOC Using eXogenous Kalman Filter for Lithium-Ion Batteries","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313388783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010467","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36617064"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23010467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010467","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/1/467/pdf?version=1672906181","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/1/467/pdf?version=1672906181","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079845169","display_name":"Qizhe Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qizhe Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100634697","display_name":"Xiaoqi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7462-6303"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034548987","display_name":"Bicheng Tu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bicheng Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ebara Great Pumps Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 325200, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ebara Great Pumps Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 325200, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003512698","display_name":"Junwei Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9766"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junwei Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ebara Great Pumps Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 325200, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ebara Great Pumps Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 325200, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100447278","display_name":"Ming Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ebara Great Pumps Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 325200, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ebara Great Pumps Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 325200, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006189098","display_name":"Jiawei Xiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4028-985X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiawei Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006189098"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":4.6304,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95358746,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"1","first_page":"467","last_page":"467"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10018","display_name":"Advancements in Battery Materials","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10281","display_name":"Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-kalman-filter","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","score":0.7806422710418701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-of-charge","display_name":"State of charge","score":0.7290124893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.6513963937759399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6437219977378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalent-circuit","display_name":"Equivalent circuit","score":0.5345399379730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.5343030691146851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistor","display_name":"Resistor","score":0.44841140508651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observer","display_name":"Observer (physics)","score":0.44301721453666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4198535084724426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3939613997936249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3327208459377289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3251720368862152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1575464904308319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.05694079399108887}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206833254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421817","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","level":3,"score":0.7806422710418701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776582896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5368536","display_name":"State of charge","level":4,"score":0.7290124893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.6513963937759399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6437219977378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23572009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964981","display_name":"Equivalent circuit","level":3,"score":0.5345399379730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.5343030691146851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137488568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5321","display_name":"Resistor","level":3,"score":0.44841140508651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780704645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458","display_name":"Observer (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44301721453666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4198535084724426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3939613997936249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3327208459377289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3251720368862152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1575464904308319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.05694079399108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23010467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010467","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/1/467/pdf?version=1672906181","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36617064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36617064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9823985","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9823985","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9823985/pdf/sensors-23-00467.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a6250ad867fa485b93a133155f9aa473","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a6250ad867fa485b93a133155f9aa473","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 1, p 467 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/1/467/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 1; Pages: 467","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23010467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010467","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/1/467/pdf?version=1672906181","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G307150152","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1909217","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8312437921","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Y202249835","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313388783.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982990490","https://openalex.org/W2003810785","https://openalex.org/W2147428031","https://openalex.org/W2163342696","https://openalex.org/W2164985362","https://openalex.org/W2259441329","https://openalex.org/W2323021136","https://openalex.org/W2551797543","https://openalex.org/W2744170276","https://openalex.org/W2753758039","https://openalex.org/W2755729630","https://openalex.org/W2808933661","https://openalex.org/W2809970430","https://openalex.org/W2895965697","https://openalex.org/W2897987179","https://openalex.org/W2922306207","https://openalex.org/W2941475335","https://openalex.org/W2957923239","https://openalex.org/W2983422844","https://openalex.org/W2992533638","https://openalex.org/W3093755559","https://openalex.org/W3194689248","https://openalex.org/W3195990593","https://openalex.org/W4200016808","https://openalex.org/W4210295650","https://openalex.org/W4220779817","https://openalex.org/W4232464081","https://openalex.org/W4285121936","https://openalex.org/W4287878118","https://openalex.org/W4292371512","https://openalex.org/W4292616040","https://openalex.org/W4293250794","https://openalex.org/W4293515310","https://openalex.org/W4293761086","https://openalex.org/W4293761157","https://openalex.org/W4296103732","https://openalex.org/W4300030381","https://openalex.org/W4304172387"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2547988666","https://openalex.org/W1993122764","https://openalex.org/W2140212917","https://openalex.org/W3187858031","https://openalex.org/W2134843002","https://openalex.org/W2006965721","https://openalex.org/W1995049232","https://openalex.org/W2134639127","https://openalex.org/W2129746134","https://openalex.org/W2381133264"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,30],"state":[1],"of":[2,27,65,91,141,149,173,180],"charge":[3],"(SOC)":[4],"for":[5,58,167],"a":[6,10,68,92,107],"lithium-ion":[7,93],"battery":[8,16],"is":[9,38,71,156],"key":[11],"index":[12],"closely":[13],"related":[14],"to":[15,22,41,87,125,147],"performance":[17],"and":[18,50,81,129,170],"safety":[19],"with":[20,46,102],"respect":[21],"the":[23,47,63,75,82,89,115,137,142,150,159,168,176],"power":[24,177],"supply":[25,178],"system":[26,179],"electric":[28,181],"vehicles.":[29,182],"Kalman":[31,84],"filter":[32,85],"(KF)":[33],"or":[34],"extended":[35],"KF":[36],"(EKF)":[37],"normally":[39],"employed":[40],"estimate":[42,88],"SOC":[43,59,66,90,97,118,131,138,174],"in":[44,175],"association":[45],"relatively":[48,103],"simple":[49],"fast":[51],"second-order":[52,76],"resistor-capacitor":[53],"(RC)":[54],"equivalent":[55,78],"circuit":[56,79],"model":[57,80],"estimations.":[60],"To":[61],"improve":[62],"stability":[64],"estimation,":[67],"two-stage":[69,161],"method":[70,144,163],"developed":[72],"by":[73,106],"combining":[74],"RC":[77],"eXogenous":[83],"(XKF)":[86],"battery.":[94],"First,":[95],"approximate":[96],"estimation":[98,132,139,172],"values":[99],"are":[100,120,145],"observed":[101],"poor":[104,116],"accuracy":[105,117],"stable":[108,128,169],"observer":[109],"without":[110],"considering":[111],"parameter":[112],"uncertainty.":[113],"Second,":[114],"results":[119,140],"further":[121],"fed":[122],"into":[123],"XKF":[124,162],"obtain":[126],"relative":[127],"accurate":[130,171],"values.":[133],"Experiments":[134],"demonstrate":[135],"that":[136,158],"present":[143,160],"superior":[146],"those":[148],"commonly":[151],"used":[152],"EKF":[153],"method.":[154],"It":[155],"expected":[157],"will":[164],"be":[165],"useful":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}