{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313360978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010356","title":"STC-NLSTMNet: An Improved Human Activity Recognition Method Using Convolutional Neural Network with NLSTM from WiFi CSI","display_name":"STC-NLSTMNet: An Improved Human Activity Recognition Method Using Convolutional Neural Network with NLSTM from WiFi CSI","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313360978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010356","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36616954"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23010356","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010356","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/1/356/pdf?version=1672306471","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/1/356/pdf?version=1672306471","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059572045","display_name":"Md Shafiqul Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9469-2041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161024014","display_name":"Kwangwoon University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e9zc863","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Shafiqul Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055991801","display_name":"Mir Kanon Ara Jannat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5860-1510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161024014","display_name":"Kwangwoon University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e9zc863","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mir Kanon Ara Jannat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089612762","display_name":"Mohammad Nahid Hossain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7423-2096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161024014","display_name":"Kwangwoon University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e9zc863","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Nahid Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7423-2096","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060526654","display_name":"Woosu Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6517-2044"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woo-Su Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Knowledge-Based Technology and Energy, Tech University of Korea, Siheung 15073, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6517-2044","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Knowledge-Based Technology and Energy, Tech University of Korea, Siheung 15073, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058300303","display_name":"Soo-Wook Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161024014","display_name":"Kwangwoon University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e9zc863","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soo-Wook Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kwangwoon Academy, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kwangwoon Academy, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101490855","display_name":"Sung\u2010Hyun Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8856-764X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161024014","display_name":"Kwangwoon University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e9zc863","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sung-Hyun Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101490855"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.8631,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91328009,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"1","first_page":"356","last_page":"356"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.788235068321228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activity-recognition","display_name":"Activity recognition","score":0.7068914175033569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6702268719673157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5902241468429565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5208083391189575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-line-of-sight-propagation","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","score":0.5182540416717529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.5163618326187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.5069203972816467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5031406283378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.46874573826789856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.34387776255607605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.24964889883995056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08088958263397217}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.788235068321228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121687571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677630","display_name":"Activity recognition","level":2,"score":0.7068914175033569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6702268719673157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5902241468429565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5208083391189575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.5182540416717529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.5163618326187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.5069203972816467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5031406283378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.46874573826789856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.34387776255607605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.24964889883995056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08088958263397217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006802","descriptor_name":"Human Activities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006802","descriptor_name":"Human Activities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006802","descriptor_name":"Human Activities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009038","descriptor_name":"Motion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009038","descriptor_name":"Motion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009038","descriptor_name":"Motion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23010356","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010356","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/1/356/pdf?version=1672306471","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36616954","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36616954","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:743c49fa3efa4d7eb9e7da34bdf02085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/743c49fa3efa4d7eb9e7da34bdf02085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 1, p 356 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/1/356/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 1; Pages: 356","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9823549","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9823549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23010356","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010356","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/1/356/pdf?version=1672306471","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6708692081","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"in 2022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321374","funder_display_name":"Kwangwoon University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321374","display_name":"Kwangwoon University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e9zc863"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313360978.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313360978.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W96923949","https://openalex.org/W1983705368","https://openalex.org/W1996347321","https://openalex.org/W2002475595","https://openalex.org/W2031972300","https://openalex.org/W2048821851","https://openalex.org/W2145546283","https://openalex.org/W2164692160","https://openalex.org/W2201675152","https://openalex.org/W2315802775","https://openalex.org/W2321358566","https://openalex.org/W2344637340","https://openalex.org/W2344757691","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2574393329","https://openalex.org/W2594230123","https://openalex.org/W2624829428","https://openalex.org/W2749455101","https://openalex.org/W2763219399","https://openalex.org/W2764145045","https://openalex.org/W2898784069","https://openalex.org/W2899145720","https://openalex.org/W2914615046","https://openalex.org/W2944605902","https://openalex.org/W2970344707","https://openalex.org/W2972355358","https://openalex.org/W2980803040","https://openalex.org/W3015442482","https://openalex.org/W3031001494","https://openalex.org/W3031570917","https://openalex.org/W3088369757","https://openalex.org/W3105020070","https://openalex.org/W3113067855","https://openalex.org/W3118382806","https://openalex.org/W3131371296","https://openalex.org/W3153579665","https://openalex.org/W3157442942","https://openalex.org/W3159182882","https://openalex.org/W3173571041","https://openalex.org/W3174019867","https://openalex.org/W3206448913","https://openalex.org/W3210415230","https://openalex.org/W3211515875","https://openalex.org/W3214157598","https://openalex.org/W4206098315","https://openalex.org/W4206289001","https://openalex.org/W4206744836","https://openalex.org/W4224918263","https://openalex.org/W4225758444","https://openalex.org/W4226502924","https://openalex.org/W4291915834","https://openalex.org/W4300544461","https://openalex.org/W6671174334","https://openalex.org/W6750465142"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2172272784","https://openalex.org/W2003817535","https://openalex.org/W4307436769","https://openalex.org/W4323793210","https://openalex.org/W2366306259","https://openalex.org/W3101720559","https://openalex.org/W2143447014","https://openalex.org/W2218045119","https://openalex.org/W2964954556","https://openalex.org/W2899145720"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Human":[0],"activity":[1,143,234,248,266],"recognition":[2,235,249,267],"(HAR)":[3],"has":[4,35],"emerged":[5],"as":[6,199],"a":[7,37,116],"significant":[8],"area":[9],"of":[10,68,155,237],"research":[11],"due":[12,52],"to":[13,46,53,61,96,106,132,184,187,201,275],"its":[14,54],"numerous":[15],"possible":[16],"applications,":[17],"including":[18],"ambient":[19],"assisted":[20],"living,":[21],"healthcare,":[22],"abnormal":[23],"behaviour":[24],"detection,":[25],"etc.":[26],"Recently,":[27],"HAR":[28,83],"using":[29,217],"WiFi":[30],"channel":[31],"state":[32],"information":[33],"(CSI)":[34],"become":[36],"predominant":[38],"and":[39,50,65,75,92,98,135,139,165,178,223,239,243,258,271],"unique":[40],"approach":[41],"in":[42,71,208],"indoor":[43],"environments":[44],"compared":[45,253,274],"others":[47],"(i.e.,":[48],"sensor":[49],"vision)":[51],"privacy-preserving":[55],"qualities,":[56],"thereby":[57],"eliminating":[58],"the":[59,100,130,171,175,188,203,230,265,276],"need":[60],"carry":[62],"additional":[63],"devices":[64],"providing":[66],"flexibility":[67],"capture":[69],"motions":[70],"both":[72],"line-of-sight":[73],"(LOS)":[74],"non-line-of-sight":[76],"(NLOS)":[77],"settings.":[78],"Existing":[79],"deep":[80],"learning":[81],"(DL)-based":[82],"approaches":[84,257],"usually":[85],"extract":[86,133,170],"either":[87],"temporal":[88,136,206],"or":[89],"spatial":[90,134,172],"features":[91,137,173,194,207],"lack":[93],"adequate":[94],"means":[95],"integrate":[97],"utilize":[99],"two":[101,218],"simultaneously,":[102],"making":[103],"it":[104],"challenging":[105],"recognize":[107,141],"different":[108],"activities":[109],"accurately.":[110],"Motivated":[111],"by":[112,269],"this,":[113],"we":[114],"propose":[115],"novel":[117],"DL-based":[118],"model":[119,151,214,232,262],"named":[120],"spatio-temporal":[121],"convolution":[122,158],"with":[123,129,144,254],"nested":[124],"long":[125],"short-term":[126],"memory":[127],"(STC-NLSTMNet),":[128],"ability":[131],"concurrently":[138],"automatically":[140],"human":[142],"very":[145],"high":[146],"accuracy.":[147],"The":[148,167,211,225],"proposed":[149,212,260],"STC-NLSTMNet":[150,213,231,261],"is":[152,215,251],"mainly":[153],"comprised":[154],"depthwise":[156],"separable":[157],"(DS-Conv)":[159],"blocks,":[160],"feature":[161,180],"attention":[162,181,186],"module":[163],"(FAM)":[164,183],"NLSTM.":[166],"DS-Conv":[168],"blocks":[169],"from":[174],"CSI":[176,209],"signal":[177],"add":[179],"modules":[182],"draw":[185],"most":[189],"essential":[190],"features.":[191],"These":[192],"robust":[193],"are":[195],"fed":[196],"into":[197],"NLSTM":[198],"inputs":[200],"explore":[202],"hidden":[204],"intrinsic":[205],"signals.":[210],"evaluated":[216],"publicly":[219],"available":[220],"datasets:":[221],"Multi-environment":[222,242],"StanWiFi.":[224],"experimental":[226],"results":[227],"revealed":[228],"that":[229],"achieved":[233],"accuracies":[236,268],"98.20%":[238],"99.88%":[240],"on":[241],"StanWiFi":[244],"datasets,":[245],"respectively.":[246],"Its":[247],"performance":[250],"also":[252],"other":[255],"existing":[256,278],"our":[259],"significantly":[263],"improves":[264],"4%":[270],"1.88%,":[272],"respectively,":[273],"best":[277],"method.":[279]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}