{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313327574","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010177","title":"Evaluation of Doppler Effect Error Affecting the Radio Altimeter Altitude Measurements","display_name":"Evaluation of Doppler Effect Error Affecting the Radio Altimeter Altitude Measurements","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313327574","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010177","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36616775"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23010177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010177","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/1/177/pdf?version=1672219346","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/1/177/pdf?version=1672219346","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079792802","display_name":"Marek \u010ce\u0161kovi\u010d","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-034X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183764125","display_name":"Technical University of Ko\u0161ice","ror":"https://ror.org/05xm08015","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183764125"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marek \u010ce\u0161kovi\u010d","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Aeronautics, Technical University of Ko\u0161ice, Rampov\u00e1 7, 041 21 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-034X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Aeronautics, Technical University of Ko\u0161ice, Rampov\u00e1 7, 041 21 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183764125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082642029","display_name":"Pavol Kurdel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5971-6367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183764125","display_name":"Technical University of Ko\u0161ice","ror":"https://ror.org/05xm08015","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183764125"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pavol Kurdel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Aeronautics, Technical University of Ko\u0161ice, Rampov\u00e1 7, 041 21 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5971-6367","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Aeronautics, Technical University of Ko\u0161ice, Rampov\u00e1 7, 041 21 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183764125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062798979","display_name":"Nat\u00e1lia Gecejov\u00e1","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8533-2458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183764125","display_name":"Technical University of Ko\u0161ice","ror":"https://ror.org/05xm08015","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183764125"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nat\u00e1lia Gecejov\u00e1","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Aeronautics, Technical University of Ko\u0161ice, Rampov\u00e1 7, 041 21 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8533-2458","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Aeronautics, Technical University of Ko\u0161ice, Rampov\u00e1 7, 041 21 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183764125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031908410","display_name":"J\u00e1n Labun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9466-5673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183764125","display_name":"Technical University of Ko\u0161ice","ror":"https://ror.org/05xm08015","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183764125"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00e1n Labun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Ko\u0161ice, Letn\u00e1 9, 042 00 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9466-5673","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Ko\u0161ice, Letn\u00e1 9, 042 00 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183764125"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007512628","display_name":"Miroslav La\u0161\u0161\u00e1k","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1326-3582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120083","display_name":"Honeywell (Czechia)","ror":"https://ror.org/0297sbd31","country_code":"CZ","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120083","https://openalex.org/I82514191"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miroslav La\u0161\u0161\u00e1k","raw_affiliation_strings":["Honeywell Flight Systems CoE, Tu\u0159anka 100/1387, 627 00 Brno, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Honeywell Flight Systems CoE, Tu\u0159anka 100/1387, 627 00 Brno, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120083"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079792802"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183764125"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.3693,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58736389,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"1","first_page":"177","last_page":"177"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12125","display_name":"Aerospace and Aviation Technology","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/altitude","display_name":"Altitude (triangle)","score":0.6175006628036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-effect","display_name":"Doppler effect","score":0.6159427762031555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/altimeter","display_name":"Altimeter","score":0.5512550473213196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autopilot","display_name":"Autopilot","score":0.5485648512840271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.529201865196228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47768908739089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-altimeter","display_name":"Radar altimeter","score":0.4457443952560425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.4390047788619995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-control","display_name":"Radio control","score":0.4171856939792633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3319801688194275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.33103084564208984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.2963602542877197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27783316373825073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17342883348464966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12169599533081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.11057227849960327}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6350597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339495","display_name":"Altitude (triangle)","level":2,"score":0.6175006628036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142757262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76436","display_name":"Doppler effect","level":2,"score":0.6159427762031555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17534553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216197","display_name":"Altimeter","level":2,"score":0.5512550473213196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18020424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220858","display_name":"Autopilot","level":2,"score":0.5485648512840271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.529201865196228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47768908739089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1104030","display_name":"Radar altimeter","level":3,"score":0.4457443952560425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.4390047788619995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554876149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436167","display_name":"Radio control","level":2,"score":0.4171856939792633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3319801688194275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.33103084564208984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.2963602542877197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27783316373825073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17342883348464966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12169599533081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.11057227849960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23010177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010177","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/1/177/pdf?version=1672219346","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36616775","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36616775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1061df5bd9884c3698af22115a883d5f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1061df5bd9884c3698af22115a883d5f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 1, p 177 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/23/1/177/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010177","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 23; Issue 1; Pages: 177","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9824561","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9824561","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s23010177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010177","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/1/177/pdf?version=1672219346","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313327574.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969086304","https://openalex.org/W2145326061","https://openalex.org/W2312351399","https://openalex.org/W2489145847","https://openalex.org/W2514288654","https://openalex.org/W2760365943","https://openalex.org/W2774691805","https://openalex.org/W2783405284","https://openalex.org/W2889759234","https://openalex.org/W2901981919","https://openalex.org/W2968614423","https://openalex.org/W3022996483","https://openalex.org/W3033915306","https://openalex.org/W3138254394","https://openalex.org/W3173825339","https://openalex.org/W3181812231","https://openalex.org/W4211254715","https://openalex.org/W4226294193","https://openalex.org/W4229058846","https://openalex.org/W4237397829","https://openalex.org/W4281709855","https://openalex.org/W4286213098","https://openalex.org/W4294142582","https://openalex.org/W4296281715"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057250073","https://openalex.org/W2103011224","https://openalex.org/W2088291986","https://openalex.org/W1895196404","https://openalex.org/W2154228978","https://openalex.org/W1590893134","https://openalex.org/W2086035138","https://openalex.org/W2983603732","https://openalex.org/W2017804241","https://openalex.org/W3093110154"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"measurement":[1,54,176],"of":[2,6,28,82,92,107,135,137,153,158,160,189],"the":[3,24,36,63,71,80,84,90,133,166],"real":[4],"altitude":[5,27,53,162],"aircraft":[7],"is":[8,55,77],"usually":[9],"done":[10],"using":[11],"an":[12,44,47,93,100],"aviation":[13],"radio":[14,18,108,161],"altimeter":[15,19],"(ALT).":[16],"A":[17],"provides":[20],"crucial":[21],"information":[22,101],"about":[23],"instantaneous":[25],"(radio)":[26],"aircraft,":[29],"helicopter,":[30],"or":[31,38,46,70],"unmanned":[32],"aerial":[33],"vehicle,":[34],"to":[35,111],"pilot":[37],"another":[39],"assistance":[40],"system,":[41],"such":[42],"as":[43,99,174,186],"autopilot":[45],"anti-collision":[48],"system.":[49],"However,":[50],"this":[51,125,147],"flight":[52],"affected":[56],"by":[57],"several":[58],"errors,":[59],"methodological":[60],"errors":[61],"and":[62,66,95,121,128,144,149],"operating":[64],"frequency":[65],"modulation":[67],"parameters":[68],"instability,":[69],"Doppler":[72,85,167],"shift":[73,168],"error.":[74],"This":[75,114],"article":[76],"focused":[78],"on":[79],"evaluation":[81],"how":[83,124,129],"effect":[86],"error":[87,126,169],"develops":[88,127],"during":[89],"operation":[91],"ALT":[94],"its":[96],"potential":[97],"use":[98],"carrier":[102],"concerning":[103],"a":[104,119,150,154,175,183,187],"possible":[105],"loss":[106,163],"altitude,":[109],"leading":[110],"dangerous":[112],"situations.":[113],"paper":[115],"briefly":[116],"explains":[117],"in":[118,146,182],"theoretical":[120,151],"practical":[122],"way":[123],"it":[130,178],"can":[131],"affect":[132],"process":[134],"creation":[136],"height":[138],"impulses.":[139],"Practical":[140],"experiments":[141],"were":[142],"conducted":[143],"evaluated":[145],"research,":[148],"design":[152],"simple":[155],"circuit":[156],"capable":[157],"signalization":[159],"presented.":[164],"As":[165],"was":[170],"previously":[171],"recognized":[172],"solely":[173],"error,":[177],"could":[179],"be":[180],"used":[181],"new":[184],"function":[185],"source":[188],"supplemental":[190],"warning":[191],"information.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}