{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4311628423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22239455","title":"Data Freshness and End-to-End Delay in Cross-Layer Two-Tier Linear IoT Networks","display_name":"Data Freshness and End-to-End Delay in Cross-Layer Two-Tier Linear IoT Networks","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4311628423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22239455","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36502157"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22239455","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22239455","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/23/9455/pdf?version=1670467549","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/23/9455/pdf?version=1670467549","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001667988","display_name":"Imane Cheikh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3189-4145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99297268","display_name":"University of Hassan II Casablanca","ror":"https://ror.org/001q4kn48","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99297268"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imane Cheikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["NEST Research Group, LRI Lab, ENSEM, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3189-4145","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NEST Research Group, LRI Lab, ENSEM, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99297268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019615104","display_name":"Essa\u00efd Sabir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9946-5761"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159129438","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/002rjbv21","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159129438","https://openalex.org/I49663120"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99297268","display_name":"University of Hassan II Casablanca","ror":"https://ror.org/001q4kn48","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99297268"]}],"countries":["CA","MA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Essaid Sabir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, QC H2L 2C4, Canada","NEST Research Group, LRI Lab, ENSEM, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9946-5761","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, QC H2L 2C4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159129438"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NEST Research Group, LRI Lab, ENSEM, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99297268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010368440","display_name":"Rachid Aouami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0900-1117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachid Aouami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0900-1117","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062938524","display_name":"S\u00e9bastien Roy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1262-9485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S\u00e9bastien Roy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1262-9485","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061036547","display_name":"Mohamed Sadik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4918-9804"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99297268","display_name":"University of Hassan II Casablanca","ror":"https://ror.org/001q4kn48","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99297268"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Sadik","raw_affiliation_strings":["NEST Research Group, LRI Lab, ENSEM, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4918-9804","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NEST Research Group, LRI Lab, ENSEM, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99297268"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019615104"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159129438","https://openalex.org/I99297268"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":0.1133,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.469742,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"23","first_page":"9455","last_page":"9455"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9480999708175659,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14393","display_name":"Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging","score":0.9359999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7567378282546997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.6908842325210571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6795860528945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.615750789642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-to-end-principle","display_name":"End-to-end principle","score":0.5749406814575195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-to-end-delay","display_name":"End-to-end delay","score":0.5024752616882324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.4979562759399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.48167550563812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-metric","display_name":"Performance metric","score":0.4633280634880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.4609523415565491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-performance","display_name":"Network performance","score":0.4372750222682953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queuing-delay","display_name":"Queuing delay","score":0.43675506114959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11674150824546814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7567378282546997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.6908842325210571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6795860528945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.615750789642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74296488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2527392","display_name":"End-to-end principle","level":2,"score":0.5749406814575195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37624559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5375776","display_name":"End-to-end delay","level":3,"score":0.5024752616882324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.4979562759399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.48167550563812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780898871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Performance metric","level":2,"score":0.4633280634880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.4609523415565491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203274722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001161","display_name":"Network performance","level":2,"score":0.4372750222682953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196095461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576842","display_name":"Queuing delay","level":3,"score":0.43675506114959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11674150824546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000093983","descriptor_name":"Information Sources","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000093983","descriptor_name":"Information Sources","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000093983","descriptor_name":"Information Sources","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000093983","descriptor_name":"Information Sources","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011340","descriptor_name":"Problem Solving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22239455","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22239455","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/23/9455/pdf?version=1670467549","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36502157","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36502157","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ad6904fcc766443c9b517e2df8938f40","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ad6904fcc766443c9b517e2df8938f40","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 23, p 9455 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/23/9455/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22239455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 23; Pages: 9455","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9735455","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9735455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22239455","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22239455","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/23/9455/pdf?version=1670467549","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311271","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/002rjbv21"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4311628423.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71178116","https://openalex.org/W1677318746","https://openalex.org/W1822768964","https://openalex.org/W1979567712","https://openalex.org/W1981944998","https://openalex.org/W1983893900","https://openalex.org/W1985595734","https://openalex.org/W2001063088","https://openalex.org/W2007269272","https://openalex.org/W2066786775","https://openalex.org/W2083835467","https://openalex.org/W2086314889","https://openalex.org/W2105450174","https://openalex.org/W2115861477","https://openalex.org/W2129156757","https://openalex.org/W2511888149","https://openalex.org/W2605715171","https://openalex.org/W2782611477","https://openalex.org/W2792823915","https://openalex.org/W2796423370","https://openalex.org/W2891221823","https://openalex.org/W2963230953","https://openalex.org/W2964139889","https://openalex.org/W3007754787","https://openalex.org/W3048482018","https://openalex.org/W3092349683","https://openalex.org/W3122128387","https://openalex.org/W3137257456","https://openalex.org/W3168179154","https://openalex.org/W3193181053","https://openalex.org/W4200589062"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2592965047","https://openalex.org/W2392451198","https://openalex.org/W78977128","https://openalex.org/W3091405833","https://openalex.org/W2382977593","https://openalex.org/W77573491","https://openalex.org/W3180334865","https://openalex.org/W2371392820","https://openalex.org/W2087260876","https://openalex.org/W2016489600"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,60],"operational":[1],"and":[2,88,112,133,149,160,175,198,204],"technological":[3],"structures":[4],"of":[5,18,42,47,62,71,85,92,99,157,168,172,182],"radio":[6,30],"access":[7,31],"networks":[8],"have":[9],"undergone":[10],"tremendous":[11],"changes":[12],"in":[13,49,57,166],"recent":[14],"years.":[15],"A":[16],"displacement":[17],"priority":[19],"from":[20],"capacity-coverage":[21],"optimization":[22],"(to":[23],"ensure":[24],"data":[25],"freshness)":[26],"has":[27],"emerged.":[28],"Multiple":[29],"technology":[32],"(multi-RAT)":[33],"is":[34],"a":[35,109,113,134,142,154],"solution":[36],"that":[37,124,145],"addresses":[38],"the":[39,63,69,82,90,93,97,106,130,147,169,180],"exponential":[40],"growth":[41],"traffic":[43],"demands,":[44],"providing":[45],"degrees":[46],"freedom":[48],"meeting":[50],"various":[51,158,196],"performance":[52],"goals,":[53],"including":[54],"energy":[55],"efficiencies":[56],"IoT":[58,117],"networks.":[59],"purpose":[61],"present":[64],"study":[65],"was":[66],"to":[67,74,178],"investigate":[68],"possibility":[70],"leveraging":[72],"multi-RAT":[73],"reduce":[75],"each":[76],"user's":[77],"transmission":[78],"delay":[79,171],"while":[80],"preserving":[81],"requisite":[83],"quality":[84],"service":[86],"(QoS)":[87],"maintaining":[89],"freshness":[91],"received":[94],"information":[95,100,122],"via":[96],"age":[98],"(AoI)":[101],"metric.":[102],"First,":[103],"we":[104,185],"investigated":[105],"coordination":[107],"between":[108],"multi-hop":[110],"network":[111,148,164],"cellular":[114],"network.":[115],"Each":[116],"device":[118],"served":[119],"as":[120],"an":[121],"source":[123],"generated":[125,138],"packets":[126,137],"(transmitting":[127],"them":[128],"toward":[129],"base":[131],"station)":[132],"relay":[135],"(for":[136],"upstream).":[139],"We":[140,152],"created":[141],"queuing":[143],"system":[144],"included":[146],"MAC":[150],"layers.":[151],"propose":[153],"framework":[155],"comprised":[156],"models":[159],"tools":[161],"for":[162],"forecasting":[163],"performances":[165],"terms":[167],"end-to-end":[170],"ongoing":[173],"flows":[174],"AoI.":[176],"Finally,":[177],"highlight":[179],"benefits":[181],"our":[183],"framework,":[184],"performed":[186],"comprehensive":[187],"simulations.":[188],"In":[189],"discussing":[190],"these":[191],"numerical":[192],"results,":[193],"insights":[194],"regarding":[195],"aspects":[197],"metrics":[199],"(parameter":[200],"tuning,":[201],"expected":[202],"QoS,":[203],"performance)":[205],"are":[206],"made":[207],"apparent.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}