{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4311012112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22239289","title":"A Geometric-Feature-Based Method for Automatic Extraction of Anchor Rod Points from Dense Point Cloud","display_name":"A Geometric-Feature-Based Method for Automatic Extraction of Anchor Rod Points from Dense Point Cloud","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4311012112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22239289","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36501989"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22239289","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22239289","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/23/9289/pdf?version=1669710781","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/23/9289/pdf?version=1669710781","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100406608","display_name":"Siyuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6366-7927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Siyuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6366-7927","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067723972","display_name":"Dongjie Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2438-4956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongjie Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030820789","display_name":"Dehua Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-649X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dehua Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016676826","display_name":"Dongjian Cai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I308837","display_name":"Suzhou University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04en8wb91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I308837"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongjian Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I308837"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038334756","display_name":"Chuang Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9051-3242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100406608"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.9068,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78903071,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"23","first_page":"9289","last_page":"9289"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.9230483174324036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curvature","display_name":"Curvature","score":0.6645606756210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","score":0.6198937892913818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.5736485719680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rod","display_name":"Rod","score":0.5275729894638062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roof","display_name":"Roof","score":0.5210927724838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5155834555625916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation-monitoring","display_name":"Deformation monitoring","score":0.4985768795013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.4505057632923126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extraction","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","score":0.42457905411720276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4231938123703003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4092726707458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39782965183258057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3298311233520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.3088412880897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.22139689326286316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.20182400941848755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08578890562057495}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.9230483174324036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.6645606756210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204366326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3027650","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.6198937892913818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5736485719680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162184086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q505544","display_name":"Rod","level":3,"score":0.5275729894638062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776748203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83180","display_name":"Roof","level":2,"score":0.5210927724838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5155834555625916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136428324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838414","display_name":"Deformation monitoring","level":3,"score":0.4985768795013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.4505057632923126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4725764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.42457905411720276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4231938123703003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4092726707458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39782965183258057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3298311233520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3088412880897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.22139689326286316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.20182400941848755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08578890562057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22239289","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22239289","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/23/9289/pdf?version=1669710781","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36501989","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36501989","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:30c31420da3c4eeb82d4785b60e209e7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/30c31420da3c4eeb82d4785b60e209e7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 23, p 9289 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/23/9289/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22239289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 23; Pages: 9289","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9740467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9740467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22239289","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22239289","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/23/9289/pdf?version=1669710781","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4311012112.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4311012112.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W84227776","https://openalex.org/W1143158720","https://openalex.org/W1735588541","https://openalex.org/W1964940342","https://openalex.org/W2001014393","https://openalex.org/W2002827932","https://openalex.org/W2022508996","https://openalex.org/W2083908031","https://openalex.org/W2099606917","https://openalex.org/W2140501087","https://openalex.org/W2146534786","https://openalex.org/W2149887512","https://openalex.org/W2160643963","https://openalex.org/W2160821342","https://openalex.org/W2261059368","https://openalex.org/W2280790262","https://openalex.org/W2295332248","https://openalex.org/W2430861920","https://openalex.org/W2471461980","https://openalex.org/W2513955405","https://openalex.org/W2549047167","https://openalex.org/W2913109850","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W3092751017","https://openalex.org/W3103060989","https://openalex.org/W3129174429","https://openalex.org/W3150224893","https://openalex.org/W3207704215","https://openalex.org/W4232893139","https://openalex.org/W4246182238","https://openalex.org/W4283159488","https://openalex.org/W6603383834","https://openalex.org/W6695043525"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2367823038","https://openalex.org/W2073597385","https://openalex.org/W2710342215","https://openalex.org/W4248012965","https://openalex.org/W2380471601","https://openalex.org/W1539309609","https://openalex.org/W3127330348","https://openalex.org/W4361029979","https://openalex.org/W2903281896","https://openalex.org/W3137956501"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,12,21,52,62,80,105,109,112,119,144,169,176,181,188,210],"technology":[2],"of":[3,14,23,41,54,64,68,86,111,138,146,149,172,184,191,217],"high-precision":[4],"3D":[5],"laser":[6],"scanning":[7],"becomes":[8],"increasingly":[9,28],"prevalent":[10],"in":[11,31,61,104,122,220],"fields":[13],"hydraulic":[15],"building":[16],"modeling":[17,75,213],"and":[18,58,76,108,125,205,214],"deformation":[19,77,215],"monitoring,":[20],"quality":[22],"point":[24,98,178,218],"clouds":[25,219],"plays":[26],"an":[27,37,65],"crucial":[29],"role":[30],"data":[32,63,207],"processing.":[33],"This":[34,83,164,200],"paper":[35],"investigates":[36],"automatic":[38],"extraction":[39,156],"method":[40,148,165,201],"anchor":[42,55,93,113,120,132,140,173,192],"rod":[43,56,94,121,133,193],"points":[44,57,95,134,194],"based":[45,157],"on":[46,51,74,158,180],"geometric":[47],"features,":[48],"which":[49],"focuses":[50],"influence":[53],"mixed":[59],"pixels":[60],"underground":[66],"powerhouse":[67],"a":[69,185,221],"pumped":[70],"storage":[71],"power":[72],"station":[73],"monitoring":[78],"during":[79],"construction":[81,222],"period.":[82],"workflow":[84],"consists":[85],"two":[87],"steps":[88],"that":[89,143],"can":[90,166,202],"automatically":[91],"extract":[92,131],"from":[96,175],"high-density":[97],"cloud":[99,179],"data.":[100],"Triangular":[101],"mesh":[102],"features":[103,127],"local":[106],"neighborhood":[107],"parameters":[110],"rods":[114,141,174],"are":[115,128],"used":[116,129],"to":[117,130,198],"locate":[118],"downsampled":[123],"data,":[124],"curvature":[126,159],"precisely.":[135],"The":[136],"experiment":[137],"extracting":[139],"shows":[142],"accuracy":[145],"this":[147],"initial":[150],"identification":[151],"is":[152,162,195],"97.2%.":[153],"Furthermore,":[154],"precise":[155,211],"curve":[160],"fitting":[161],"applicable.":[163],"accurately":[167],"separate":[168],"three":[170],"types":[171],"dense":[177],"rough":[182],"surface":[183],"cavern":[186],"roof;":[187],"false-extraction":[189],"rate":[190],"about":[196],"0.11%":[197],"5.09%.":[199],"provide":[203],"high-quality":[204],"dependable":[206],"sources":[208],"for":[209],"registration,":[212],"analysis":[216],"cavern.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
