{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4304775816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207735","title":"Review on Functional Testing Scenario Library Generation for Connected and Automated Vehicles","display_name":"Review on Functional Testing Scenario Library Generation for Connected and Automated Vehicles","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4304775816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207735","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36298087"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22207735","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207735","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/20/7735/pdf?version=1665727791","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/20/7735/pdf?version=1665727791","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086109860","display_name":"Yu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0436-6248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0436-6248","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100711285","display_name":"Jian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7701-8511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7701-8511","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033369885","display_name":"Fanqiang Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6095-1938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fanqiang Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6095-1938","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061063217","display_name":"Tongtao Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tongtao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5685-2657","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100711285"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":1.0059,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72151632,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"20","first_page":"7735","last_page":"7735"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5080873966217041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.37871286273002625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.36092889308929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.35431721806526184}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5080873966217041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.37871286273002625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.36092889308929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.35431721806526184}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000088684","descriptor_name":"Autonomous Vehicles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000088684","descriptor_name":"Autonomous Vehicles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000088684","descriptor_name":"Autonomous Vehicles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012449","descriptor_name":"Safety","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012449","descriptor_name":"Safety","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012449","descriptor_name":"Safety","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22207735","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207735","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/20/7735/pdf?version=1665727791","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36298087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36298087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:78b9ec86a303446ca293053bf027d9ae","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/78b9ec86a303446ca293053bf027d9ae","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 20, p 7735 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/20/7735/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22207735","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 20; Pages: 7735","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9606858","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9606858","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22207735","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207735","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/20/7735/pdf?version=1665727791","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4304775816.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4304775816.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":91,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W239731138","https://openalex.org/W341403209","https://openalex.org/W410981336","https://openalex.org/W610469435","https://openalex.org/W1479775735","https://openalex.org/W1567302070","https://openalex.org/W1895727713","https://openalex.org/W1965455100","https://openalex.org/W1983775105","https://openalex.org/W1985403019","https://openalex.org/W1987313145","https://openalex.org/W1989750313","https://openalex.org/W2003642326","https://openalex.org/W2011893346","https://openalex.org/W2023835067","https://openalex.org/W2032100464","https://openalex.org/W2049336964","https://openalex.org/W2050803817","https://openalex.org/W2053863302","https://openalex.org/W2071503531","https://openalex.org/W2085603419","https://openalex.org/W2109370158","https://openalex.org/W2124957697","https://openalex.org/W2133109597","https://openalex.org/W2137079713","https://openalex.org/W2256473988","https://openalex.org/W2326704817","https://openalex.org/W2343568200","https://openalex.org/W2395811491","https://openalex.org/W2444574188","https://openalex.org/W2473859058","https://openalex.org/W2493603909","https://openalex.org/W2520190918","https://openalex.org/W2595433512","https://openalex.org/W2728924413","https://openalex.org/W2744171264","https://openalex.org/W2768313326","https://openalex.org/W2787159450","https://openalex.org/W2798725844","https://openalex.org/W2799796797","https://openalex.org/W2804199516","https://openalex.org/W2883604876","https://openalex.org/W2890554434","https://openalex.org/W2896921100","https://openalex.org/W2898035736","https://openalex.org/W2901082355","https://openalex.org/W2901436714","https://openalex.org/W2904510280","https://openalex.org/W2908584258","https://openalex.org/W2943847575","https://openalex.org/W2943952718","https://openalex.org/W2949242446","https://openalex.org/W2956134899","https://openalex.org/W2957228561","https://openalex.org/W2963184890","https://openalex.org/W2963657083","https://openalex.org/W2971653617","https://openalex.org/W2980278735","https://openalex.org/W2981412017","https://openalex.org/W2981683113","https://openalex.org/W3022552172","https://openalex.org/W3034295100","https://openalex.org/W3038693870","https://openalex.org/W3043127422","https://openalex.org/W3090386093","https://openalex.org/W3101102436","https://openalex.org/W3104490111","https://openalex.org/W3117054268","https://openalex.org/W3119981760","https://openalex.org/W3127647470","https://openalex.org/W3132627296","https://openalex.org/W3133427233","https://openalex.org/W3135227369","https://openalex.org/W3153589681","https://openalex.org/W3197286756","https://openalex.org/W3200280220","https://openalex.org/W3204088480","https://openalex.org/W3208343066","https://openalex.org/W3210372850","https://openalex.org/W4206140995","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4226280735","https://openalex.org/W4253925503","https://openalex.org/W4283697860","https://openalex.org/W4283803996","https://openalex.org/W6635738432","https://openalex.org/W6654848694","https://openalex.org/W6711850960","https://openalex.org/W6713232456","https://openalex.org/W6762721435","https://openalex.org/W6783838878"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,33],"advancement":[1],"of":[2,70,105,111,145,152,155],"autonomous":[3,56],"driving":[4,27,57,84],"technology":[5],"has":[6,43],"had":[7],"a":[8,87,95],"significant":[9],"impact":[10],"on":[11,117,172],"both":[12],"transportation":[13],"networks":[14],"and":[15,19,48,62,79,122,137,160],"people's":[16],"lives.":[17],"Connected":[18],"automated":[20],"vehicles":[21],"as":[22,24,76,94,166,168],"well":[23,167],"the":[25,55,68,71,109,118,123,129,143,153],"surrounding":[26],"environment":[28],"are":[29,175],"increasingly":[30],"exchanging":[31],"information.":[32],"traditional":[34],"open":[35],"road":[36],"test":[37,51,72,112,130],"or":[38],"closed":[39],"field":[40],"test,":[41],"which":[42],"large":[44],"costs,":[45],"lengthy":[46],"durations,":[47],"few":[49],"diverse":[50],"scenarios,":[52,131],"cannot":[53],"satisfy":[54],"system's":[58],"need":[59],"for":[60,98,162],"reliable":[61],"safe":[63],"testing.":[64,101,148],"Functional":[65],"testing":[66,90,107],"is":[67,108,158],"emphasis":[69,116],"since":[73],"features":[74],"such":[75],"frontal":[77],"collision":[78],"traffic":[80],"sign":[81],"warning":[82],"influence":[83],"safety.":[85],"As":[86],"result,":[88],"simulation":[89,106],"will":[91],"undoubtedly":[92],"emerge":[93],"new":[96],"technique":[97],"unmanned":[99],"vehicle":[100],"A":[102,149],"crucial":[103],"aspect":[104],"creation":[110],"scenarios.":[113],"With":[114],"an":[115],"map":[119],"generating":[120],"method":[121,127],"dynamic":[124],"scenario":[125,138],"production":[126],"in":[128,142],"this":[132],"article":[133],"explains":[134],"many":[135],"scenarios":[136,165],"construction":[139],"techniques":[140],"utilized":[141],"process":[144],"self-driving":[146],"car":[147],"thorough":[150],"analysis":[151],"state":[154],"relevant":[156],"research":[157],"conducted,":[159],"approaches":[161],"creating":[163],"common":[164],"brand-new":[169],"methods":[170],"based":[171],"machine":[173],"learning":[174],"emphasized.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
