{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4303980394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197483","title":"Kidney Cancer Prediction Empowered with Blockchain Security Using Transfer Learning","display_name":"Kidney Cancer Prediction Empowered with Blockchain Security Using Transfer Learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4303980394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197483","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36236584"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22197483","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197483","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7483/pdf?version=1664704356","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7483/pdf?version=1664704356","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023124457","display_name":"Muhammad Umar Nasir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1443-8065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Umar Nasir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Riphah School of Computing and Innovation, Riphah International University Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1443-8065","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Riphah School of Computing and Innovation, Riphah International University Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101513150","display_name":"Muhammad Zubair","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3999-6581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Zubair","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing, Riphah International University, Islamabad 45000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3999-6581","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing, Riphah International University, Islamabad 45000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037528486","display_name":"Taher M. Ghazal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0672-7924"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91600406","display_name":"American University in the Emirates","ror":"https://ror.org/056c6h780","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91600406"]}],"countries":["AE","MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taher M. Ghazal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Cyber Security, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia","College of Computer and Information Technology, American University in the Emirates, Dubai Academic City, Dubai 503000, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0672-7924","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Cyber Security, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Technology, American University in the Emirates, Dubai Academic City, Dubai 503000, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91600406"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062507434","display_name":"Muhammad Farhan Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9045-895X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803096283","display_name":"University of Health Sciences Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/00gt6pp04","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803096283"]}],"countries":["KR","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Farhan Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan","Department of Software, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803096283"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062507434","display_name":"Muhammad Farhan Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9045-895X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803096283","display_name":"University of Health Sciences Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/00gt6pp04","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803096283"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43729321","display_name":"National College of Business Administration and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/02my4wj17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43729321"]}],"countries":["KR","PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Farhan Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan","Department of Software, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea","School of Computer Science, National College of Business Administration & Economics, Lahore 54000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803096283"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, National College of Business Administration & Economics, Lahore 54000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43729321"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056873670","display_name":"Munir Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5240-0984"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43729321","display_name":"National College of Business Administration and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/02my4wj17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43729321"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76571253","display_name":"Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/038cy8j79","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76571253"]}],"countries":["PK","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Munir Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, National College of Business Administration & Economics, Lahore 54000, Pakistan","Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Information Technology (CCSIT), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU), P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5240-0984","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, National College of Business Administration & Economics, Lahore 54000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43729321"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Information Technology (CCSIT), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU), P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76571253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101741414","display_name":"Atta Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6696-277X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132806614","display_name":"University of Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/05h0z7c09","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132806614"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76571253","display_name":"Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/038cy8j79","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76571253"]}],"countries":["AE","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atta-ur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Information Technology (CCSIT), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU), P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia","College of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, Dubai 14143, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6696-277X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Information Technology (CCSIT), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU), P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76571253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, Dubai 14143, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132806614"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016925365","display_name":"Hussam Al Hamadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1353-4138"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132806614","display_name":"University of Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/05h0z7c09","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132806614"]}],"countries":["AE","KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hussam Al Hamadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, Dubai 14143, United Arab Emirates","Department of Software, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1353-4138","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, Dubai 14143, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132806614"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107968227","display_name":"Muhammad Adnan Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9789-5231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132806614","display_name":"University of Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/05h0z7c09","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132806614"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803096283","display_name":"University of Health Sciences Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/00gt6pp04","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803096283"]}],"countries":["AE","KR","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Adnan Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan","Department of Software, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea","College of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, Dubai 14143, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9789-5231","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803096283"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, Dubai 14143, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132806614"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107968227","display_name":"Muhammad Adnan Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9789-5231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803096283","display_name":"University of Health Sciences Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/00gt6pp04","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803096283"]}],"countries":["KR","PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Adnan Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan","Department of Software, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9789-5231","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803096283"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081414719","display_name":"Wathiq Mansoor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2784-5188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132806614","display_name":"University of Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/05h0z7c09","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132806614"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wathiq Mansoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, Dubai 14143, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2784-5188","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, Dubai 14143, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132806614"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062507434","https://openalex.org/A5081414719","https://openalex.org/A5107968227"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649","https://openalex.org/I132806614","https://openalex.org/I2803096283","https://openalex.org/I43729321"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":11.9723,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":96,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99168164,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"19","first_page":"7483","last_page":"7483"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10449","display_name":"Renal cell carcinoma treatment","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10449","display_name":"Renal cell carcinoma treatment","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12067","display_name":"Renal and Vascular Pathologies","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kidney-cancer","display_name":"Kidney cancer","score":0.7546697854995728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.663960337638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5865568518638611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5752946734428406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.5348559617996216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kidney","display_name":"Kidney","score":0.5079825520515442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5079532265663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kidney-transplantation","display_name":"Kidney transplantation","score":0.4848569631576538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kidney-disease","display_name":"Kidney disease","score":0.4771023392677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.47304195165634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.29548853635787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.21535861492156982}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781068499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3242950","display_name":"Kidney cancer","level":3,"score":0.7546697854995728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.663960337638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5865568518638611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5752946734428406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.5348559617996216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780091579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377","display_name":"Kidney","level":2,"score":0.5079825520515442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5079532265663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780303639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740909","display_name":"Kidney transplantation","level":3,"score":0.4848569631576538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778653478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718","display_name":"Kidney disease","level":2,"score":0.4771023392677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.47304195165634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.29548853635787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.21535861492156982}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081186","descriptor_name":"Blockchain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081186","descriptor_name":"Blockchain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081186","descriptor_name":"Blockchain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007680","descriptor_name":"Kidney Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007680","descriptor_name":"Kidney Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007680","descriptor_name":"Kidney Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22197483","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197483","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7483/pdf?version=1664704356","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36236584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36236584","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f9017fc171b34b19bb8a1b6cd1214387","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f9017fc171b34b19bb8a1b6cd1214387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 19, p 7483 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/19/7483/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197483","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 19; Pages: 7483","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9572837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9572837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22197483","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197483","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7483/pdf?version=1664704356","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4303980394.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4303980394.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967041620","https://openalex.org/W2003521069","https://openalex.org/W2010175682","https://openalex.org/W2072577267","https://openalex.org/W2082071176","https://openalex.org/W2144390074","https://openalex.org/W2172050766","https://openalex.org/W2284518822","https://openalex.org/W2471352262","https://openalex.org/W2552634383","https://openalex.org/W2591617159","https://openalex.org/W2768600953","https://openalex.org/W2901472288","https://openalex.org/W2902217684","https://openalex.org/W2937554593","https://openalex.org/W2946760001","https://openalex.org/W2949303810","https://openalex.org/W2964324957","https://openalex.org/W2982900427","https://openalex.org/W3033032608","https://openalex.org/W3033336697","https://openalex.org/W3109588240","https://openalex.org/W3131655908","https://openalex.org/W3153661456","https://openalex.org/W3203750416","https://openalex.org/W4280605685","https://openalex.org/W4281714334","https://openalex.org/W4281728883","https://openalex.org/W4285051739","https://openalex.org/W4285209966","https://openalex.org/W4286499659","https://openalex.org/W4286692788","https://openalex.org/W4290043169","https://openalex.org/W6761737533","https://openalex.org/W6769716397","https://openalex.org/W6839720816"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206357785","https://openalex.org/W4281381188","https://openalex.org/W3192840557","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W4375928479","https://openalex.org/W3167935049","https://openalex.org/W3023427754","https://openalex.org/W3131673289","https://openalex.org/W4393011546","https://openalex.org/W3198847674"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Kidney":[0],"cancer":[1,39,100],"is":[2,26],"a":[3,175],"very":[4,20],"dangerous":[5],"and":[6,19,45,53,69,105,119,147,152,159,162,184],"lethal":[7],"cancerous":[8,133],"disease":[9],"caused":[10],"by":[11,15],"kidney":[12,33,38,51,99,125,194],"tumors":[13,52],"or":[14],"genetic":[16],"renal":[17,54],"disease,":[18],"few":[21],"patients":[22],"survive":[23],"because":[24],"there":[25],"no":[27],"method":[28],"for":[29,47,106],"early":[30,103],"prediction":[31,36,148,168],"of":[32,37,59,85,132,136,150,181,193],"cancer.":[34,195],"Early":[35],"helps":[40],"doctors":[41],"start":[42],"proper":[43],"therapy":[44],"treatment":[46],"the":[48,57,79,83,107,111,127,143,163,179,190],"patients,":[49],"preventing":[50],"transplantation.":[55],"With":[56],"adaptation":[58],"artificial":[60],"intelligence,":[61],"automated":[62],"tools":[63],"empowered":[64,155],"with":[65,92,156,178],"different":[66,93],"deep":[67,94],"learning":[68,71,90,95,173],"machine":[70],"algorithms":[72,96],"can":[73],"predict":[74,98,124],"cancers.":[75],"In":[76],"this":[77],"study,":[78],"proposed":[80,112,128,140,164],"model":[81,113,129,141,165],"used":[82,130],"Internet":[84],"Medical":[86],"Things":[87],"(IoMT)-based":[88],"transfer":[89],"technique":[91],"to":[97,188],"in":[101],"its":[102],"stages,":[104],"patient's":[108],"data":[109,157],"security,":[110],"incorporates":[114],"blockchain":[115,185],"technology-based":[116],"private":[117],"clouds":[118],"transfer-learning":[120],"trained":[121],"models.":[122],"To":[123],"cancer,":[126],"biopsies":[131],"kidneys":[134],"consisting":[135],"three":[137],"classes.":[138],"The":[139],"achieved":[142,166],"highest":[144],"training":[145],"accuracy":[146,149,169],"99.8%":[151],"99.20%,":[153],"respectively,":[154],"augmentation":[158],"without":[160],"augmentation,":[161],"93.75%":[167],"during":[170],"validation.":[171],"Transfer":[172],"provides":[174],"promising":[176],"framework":[177],"combination":[180],"IoMT":[182],"technologies":[183],"technology":[186],"layers":[187],"enhance":[189],"diagnosing":[191],"capabilities":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
