{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4296830361","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197177","title":"Automated Detection of Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Events Based on 60 GHz Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave Radar Using Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks: A Preliminary Report of a Prospective Cohort Study","display_name":"Automated Detection of Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Events Based on 60 GHz Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave Radar Using Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks: A Preliminary Report of a Prospective Cohort Study","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4296830361","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197177","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36236274"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22197177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197177","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7177/pdf?version=1663920611","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7177/pdf?version=1663920611","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080980885","display_name":"Jae Won Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5937-7238"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138995","display_name":"Armed Forces Capital Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/045g3sx57","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138995"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jae Won Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Armed Forces Yangju Hospital, Yangju 11429, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Armed Forces Yangju Hospital, Yangju 11429, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100413818","display_name":"Dong Hyun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3871-7002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100437","display_name":"SNUH SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/014xqzt56","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I2802835388","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801402630","display_name":"Seoul Metropolitan Government","ror":"https://ror.org/002wfgr58","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801402630"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dong Hyun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government\u2014Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government\u2014Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801402630","https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001589804","display_name":"Dae Lim Koo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-6093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801402630","display_name":"Seoul Metropolitan Government","ror":"https://ror.org/002wfgr58","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801402630"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100437","display_name":"SNUH SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/014xqzt56","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I2802835388","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dae Lim Koo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government\u2014Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government\u2014Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801402630","https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041973668","display_name":"Yangmi Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8765-9988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100437","display_name":"SNUH SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/014xqzt56","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I2802835388","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801402630","display_name":"Seoul Metropolitan Government","ror":"https://ror.org/002wfgr58","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801402630"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangmi Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government\u2014Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government\u2014Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801402630","https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043014463","display_name":"Hyunwoo Nam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3345-7069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100437","display_name":"SNUH SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/014xqzt56","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I2802835388","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801402630","display_name":"Seoul Metropolitan Government","ror":"https://ror.org/002wfgr58","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801402630"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyunwoo Nam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government\u2014Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government\u2014Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801402630","https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100413481","display_name":"Ji-Hyun Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5485-2776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801402630","display_name":"Seoul Metropolitan Government","ror":"https://ror.org/002wfgr58","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801402630"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100437","display_name":"SNUH SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/014xqzt56","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I2802835388","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji Hyun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government\u2014Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government\u2014Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801402630","https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100382597","display_name":"Hyo Jin Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0549-5722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100437","display_name":"SNUH SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/014xqzt56","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I2802835388","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801402630","display_name":"Seoul Metropolitan Government","ror":"https://ror.org/002wfgr58","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801402630"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyo Jin Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government\u2014Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government\u2014Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801402630","https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045034013","display_name":"Seung\u2010No Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5759-9929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100437","display_name":"SNUH SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/014xqzt56","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I2802835388","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801402630","display_name":"Seoul Metropolitan Government","ror":"https://ror.org/002wfgr58","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801402630"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seung-No Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government\u2014Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government\u2014Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 07061, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801402630","https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082314117","display_name":"Gwangsoo Jang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gwangsoo Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":["AU Inc., Daejeon 34141, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AU Inc., Daejeon 34141, Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016774173","display_name":"Sungmook Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0146-7388"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sungmook Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["AU Inc., Daejeon 34141, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AU Inc., Daejeon 34141, Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102737219","display_name":"Baekhyun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5055-9799"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baekhyun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["AU Inc., Daejeon 34141, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AU Inc., Daejeon 34141, Korea","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001589804","https://openalex.org/A5100413818"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I2801402630","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":4.0106,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95212857,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"19","first_page":"7177","last_page":"7177"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10234","display_name":"Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10234","display_name":"Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11456","display_name":"Neuroscience of respiration and sleep","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2807","display_name":"Endocrine and Autonomic Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polysomnography","display_name":"Polysomnography","score":0.7529924511909485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receiver-operating-characteristic","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","score":0.6723424196243286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intraclass-correlation","display_name":"Intraclass correlation","score":0.6406689882278442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.6390783786773682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypopnea","display_name":"Hypopnea","score":0.5847598314285278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gold-standard","display_name":"Gold standard (test)","score":0.5453764796257019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obstructive-sleep-apnea","display_name":"Obstructive sleep apnea","score":0.5401372909545898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-apnea","display_name":"Sleep apnea","score":0.5289473533630371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apnea","display_name":"Apnea","score":0.5229288339614868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.49492138624191284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apnea\u2013hypopnea-index","display_name":"Apnea\u2013hypopnea index","score":0.4930975139141083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.47667765617370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4694516062736511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation-coefficient","display_name":"Correlation coefficient","score":0.43246573209762573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cohort","display_name":"Cohort","score":0.41077661514282227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.34499579668045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3173777163028717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.24242520332336426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.24038606882095337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11989760398864746}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778205975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754874","display_name":"Polysomnography","level":3,"score":0.7529924511909485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58471807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327120","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","level":2,"score":0.6723424196243286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104709138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671540","display_name":"Intraclass correlation","level":3,"score":0.6406689882278442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6390783786773682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777711342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q957217","display_name":"Hypopnea","level":4,"score":0.5847598314285278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40993552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514654","display_name":"Gold standard (test)","level":2,"score":0.5453764796257019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776006263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16606552","display_name":"Obstructive sleep apnea","level":2,"score":0.5401372909545898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777935920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213600","display_name":"Sleep apnea","level":2,"score":0.5289473533630371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781326671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754424","display_name":"Apnea","level":2,"score":0.5229288339614868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.49492138624191284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776377968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618736","display_name":"Apnea\u2013hypopnea index","level":4,"score":0.4930975139141083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.47667765617370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4694516062736511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780092901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433612","display_name":"Correlation coefficient","level":2,"score":0.43246573209762573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.41077661514282227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.34499579668045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3173777163028717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.24242520332336426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24038606882095337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11989760398864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011825","descriptor_name":"Radar","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011825","descriptor_name":"Radar","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011825","descriptor_name":"Radar","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012890","descriptor_name":"Sleep","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012890","descriptor_name":"Sleep","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012890","descriptor_name":"Sleep","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020181","descriptor_name":"Sleep Apnea, Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020181","descriptor_name":"Sleep Apnea, Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020181","descriptor_name":"Sleep Apnea, Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22197177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197177","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7177/pdf?version=1663920611","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36236274","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36236274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:972d6fea2c11454789459ecd8761d008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/972d6fea2c11454789459ecd8761d008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 19, p 7177 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/19/7177/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197177","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 19; Pages: 7177","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9570824","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9570824","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22197177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197177","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7177/pdf?version=1663920611","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5202622300","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KMDF_PR_20200901_0119","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318847","funder_display_name":"Korea Medical Device Development Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318847","display_name":"Korea Medical Device Development Fund","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4296830361.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4296830361.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W61851215","https://openalex.org/W1545241942","https://openalex.org/W1648513956","https://openalex.org/W1966183340","https://openalex.org/W1968496055","https://openalex.org/W1970582934","https://openalex.org/W1988904674","https://openalex.org/W2002716918","https://openalex.org/W2009831405","https://openalex.org/W2011049057","https://openalex.org/W2026430219","https://openalex.org/W2026898215","https://openalex.org/W2100210993","https://openalex.org/W2101306014","https://openalex.org/W2151487996","https://openalex.org/W2152575748","https://openalex.org/W2194187530","https://openalex.org/W2296445552","https://openalex.org/W2328176404","https://openalex.org/W2333343699","https://openalex.org/W2471195096","https://openalex.org/W2546647298","https://openalex.org/W2592929672","https://openalex.org/W2612940703","https://openalex.org/W2732223081","https://openalex.org/W2736642626","https://openalex.org/W2745197867","https://openalex.org/W2754103742","https://openalex.org/W2786438700","https://openalex.org/W2790943595","https://openalex.org/W2804158148","https://openalex.org/W2810934215","https://openalex.org/W2811384326","https://openalex.org/W2889042945","https://openalex.org/W2890992624","https://openalex.org/W2896719727","https://openalex.org/W2905566041","https://openalex.org/W2906759948","https://openalex.org/W2963118547","https://openalex.org/W2967431885","https://openalex.org/W2985634329","https://openalex.org/W3010299795","https://openalex.org/W3013464546","https://openalex.org/W3017054426","https://openalex.org/W3128128404","https://openalex.org/W3136424010","https://openalex.org/W3153201522","https://openalex.org/W3161585833","https://openalex.org/W4200386936","https://openalex.org/W6657421624","https://openalex.org/W6748257593"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2415962170","https://openalex.org/W2370410718","https://openalex.org/W2361491172","https://openalex.org/W2405235165","https://openalex.org/W2383496458","https://openalex.org/W2386999378","https://openalex.org/W65074871","https://openalex.org/W2385244159","https://openalex.org/W2056444077","https://openalex.org/W1997227248"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Radar":[0],"is":[1],"a":[2,71,93,186],"promising":[3],"non-contact":[4],"sensor":[5],"for":[6,13,34,104,121,190],"overnight":[7,68],"polysomnography":[8],"(PSG),":[9],"the":[10,25,28,84,99,105,119,127,159,167,181],"gold":[11],"standard":[12],"diagnosing":[14],"obstructive":[15],"sleep":[16,78],"apnea":[17],"(OSA).":[18],"This":[19],"preliminary":[20],"study":[21],"aimed":[22],"to":[23,63,113,150],"demonstrate":[24,180],"feasibility":[26],"of":[27,31,107,129,183],"automated":[29],"detection":[30],"apnea-hypopnea":[32,122,138],"events":[33,123],"OSA":[35,57,117,172],"diagnosis":[36],"based":[37,91],"on":[38,92,116],"60":[39],"GHz":[40],"frequency-modulated":[41],"continuous-wave":[42],"radar":[43,72,184],"using":[44],"convolutional":[45],"recurrent":[46],"neural":[47],"networks.":[48],"The":[49,96,136,178],"dataset":[50],"comprised":[51],"44":[52],"participants":[53],"from":[54,60,111],"an":[55],"ongoing":[56],"cohort,":[58],"recruited":[59],"July":[61],"2021":[62],"April":[64],"2022,":[65],"who":[66],"underwent":[67],"PSG":[69,75],"with":[70,158],"sensor.":[73],"All":[74],"recordings,":[76],"including":[77],"and":[79,88,126,148,169],"wakefulness,":[80],"were":[81,90,124],"included":[82],"in":[83],"dataset.":[85],"Model":[86],"development":[87],"evaluation":[89],"five-fold":[94],"cross-validation.":[95],"area":[97],"under":[98],"receiver":[100],"operating":[101],"characteristic":[102],"curve":[103],"classification":[106],"1-min":[108],"segments":[109],"ranged":[110],"0.796":[112],"0.859.":[114],"Depending":[115],"severity,":[118],"sensitivities":[120],"49.0-67.6%,":[125],"number":[128],"false-positive":[130],"detections":[131],"per":[132],"participant":[133],"was":[134,163],"23.4-52.8.":[135],"estimated":[137,168],"index":[139],"showed":[140],"strong":[141],"correlations":[142],"(Pearson":[143],"correlation":[144,154],"coefficient":[145,155],"=":[146,156,176],"0.805-0.949)":[147],"good":[149],"excellent":[151],"agreement":[152,165],"(intraclass":[153],"0.776-0.929)":[157],"ground":[160,170],"truth.":[161],"There":[162],"substantial":[164],"between":[166],"truth":[171],"severity":[173],"(kappa":[174],"statistics":[175],"0.648-0.736).":[177],"results":[179],"potential":[182],"as":[185],"standalone":[187],"screening":[188],"tool":[189],"OSA.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}