{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4292869921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22176335","title":"Performance and Robustness of Regional Image Segmentation Driven by Selected Evolutionary and Genetic Algorithms: Study on MR Articular Cartilage Images","display_name":"Performance and Robustness of Regional Image Segmentation Driven by Selected Evolutionary and Genetic Algorithms: Study on MR Articular Cartilage Images","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4292869921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22176335","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36080793"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22176335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22176335","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/17/6335/pdf?version=1661332656","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/17/6335/pdf?version=1661332656","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011589878","display_name":"Jan Kub\u00ed\u010dek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0185-422X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jan Kubicek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17.listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17.listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017390770","display_name":"Alice Vary\u0161ov\u00e1","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2788-7794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alice Varysova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17.listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2788-7794","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17.listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039994218","display_name":"Martin \u010cern\u00fd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8893-2587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Cerny","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17.listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8893-2587","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17.listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082373175","display_name":"Kristyna Hancarova","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristyna Hancarova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17.listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17.listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012021101","display_name":"David Oczka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7626-3673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Oczka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17.listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17.listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076234294","display_name":"Martin August\u00fdnek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0165-7317"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Augustynek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17.listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0165-7317","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17.listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050581531","display_name":"Marek Penhaker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9527-4642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marek Penhaker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17.listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9527-4642","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17.listopadu 2172/15, Poruba, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086519534","display_name":"Ondrej Prokop","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138340","display_name":"Medin (Czechia)","ror":"https://ror.org/03v3xp839","country_code":"CZ","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138340"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ondrej Prokop","raw_affiliation_strings":["MEDIN, a.s., Vlachovicka 619, 592 31 Nove Mesto na Morave, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MEDIN, a.s., Vlachovicka 619, 592 31 Nove Mesto na Morave, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138340"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050943791","display_name":"Radom\u00edr \u0160\u010durek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2971-9313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Radomir Scurek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Security Services, Faculty of Safety Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, ul. Lumirova 3, 700 30 Ostrava, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2971-9313","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Security Services, Faculty of Safety Engineering, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, ul. Lumirova 3, 700 30 Ostrava, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011589878"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.8243,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85677308,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"17","first_page":"6335","last_page":"6335"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10105","display_name":"Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10105","display_name":"Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12994","display_name":"Infrared Thermography in Medicine","score":0.9714000225067139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13731","display_name":"Advanced Computing and Algorithms","score":0.9681000113487244,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6600805521011353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6428098678588867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6252325177192688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5691626667976379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fitness-function","display_name":"Fitness function","score":0.532731831073761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5235949754714966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.5030595660209656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thresholding","display_name":"Thresholding","score":0.4877541661262512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4581756293773651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-space-segmentation","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","score":0.42860519886016846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-histogram","display_name":"Image histogram","score":0.4177548289299011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.4166397154331207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.37572526931762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.29380345344543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.15479514002799988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-texture","display_name":"Image texture","score":0.14054036140441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.07457950711250305}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6600805521011353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6428098678588867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6252325177192688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5691626667976379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176066374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629118","display_name":"Fitness function","level":3,"score":0.532731831073761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5235949754714966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.5030595660209656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.4877541661262512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4581756293773651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65885262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7429708","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","level":4,"score":0.42860519886016846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62725073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771663","display_name":"Image histogram","level":5,"score":0.4177548289299011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.4166397154331207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.37572526931762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.29380345344543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.15479514002799988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63099799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17147001","display_name":"Image texture","level":4,"score":0.14054036140441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.07457950711250305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002358","descriptor_name":"Cartilage, Articular","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002358","descriptor_name":"Cartilage, Articular","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002358","descriptor_name":"Cartilage, Articular","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22176335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22176335","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/17/6335/pdf?version=1661332656","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36080793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36080793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3958c68184cb4e74a351bcca086bc483","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3958c68184cb4e74a351bcca086bc483","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 17, p 6335 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.vsb.cz:10084/148883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10084/148883","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401668","display_name":"DSpace V\u0160B-TUO (V\u0160B-TUO)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","host_organization_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Peer-reviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/17/6335/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22176335","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 17; Pages: 6335","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9460494","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9460494","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22176335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22176335","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/17/6335/pdf?version=1661332656","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292869921.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292869921.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2083970667","https://openalex.org/W2127218421","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2411473340","https://openalex.org/W2924760056","https://openalex.org/W3081407223","https://openalex.org/W3086545655","https://openalex.org/W3097723617","https://openalex.org/W3126149511","https://openalex.org/W3130794141","https://openalex.org/W3134477535","https://openalex.org/W3137255740","https://openalex.org/W3138170009","https://openalex.org/W3138678718","https://openalex.org/W3141935963","https://openalex.org/W3150285938","https://openalex.org/W3162726628","https://openalex.org/W3162814870","https://openalex.org/W3173941230","https://openalex.org/W3174150013","https://openalex.org/W3192321672","https://openalex.org/W3194138175","https://openalex.org/W3194704701","https://openalex.org/W3195256921","https://openalex.org/W3198940209","https://openalex.org/W3200221631","https://openalex.org/W3202129618","https://openalex.org/W3204313870","https://openalex.org/W3204529870","https://openalex.org/W3208442957","https://openalex.org/W3210912418","https://openalex.org/W3211309528","https://openalex.org/W3212126395","https://openalex.org/W3215422057","https://openalex.org/W3215751120","https://openalex.org/W3215910214","https://openalex.org/W3216730712","https://openalex.org/W3216958472","https://openalex.org/W3217333119","https://openalex.org/W3217362980","https://openalex.org/W4200384035","https://openalex.org/W4200460025","https://openalex.org/W4205204006","https://openalex.org/W4205500180","https://openalex.org/W4206321435","https://openalex.org/W4206344336","https://openalex.org/W4206478986","https://openalex.org/W4206573688","https://openalex.org/W4206958764","https://openalex.org/W4210372181","https://openalex.org/W4210463438","https://openalex.org/W4210655294","https://openalex.org/W4211013386","https://openalex.org/W4212773528","https://openalex.org/W4213142251","https://openalex.org/W4213328656","https://openalex.org/W4214749059","https://openalex.org/W4220762975","https://openalex.org/W4220763008","https://openalex.org/W4220765806","https://openalex.org/W4220803725","https://openalex.org/W4220861650","https://openalex.org/W4220917293","https://openalex.org/W4221114735","https://openalex.org/W4223433849","https://openalex.org/W4223547848","https://openalex.org/W4225323878","https://openalex.org/W4225410130","https://openalex.org/W4229029431","https://openalex.org/W4281487292","https://openalex.org/W4281731138","https://openalex.org/W4281813024","https://openalex.org/W4285013943","https://openalex.org/W4285801188","https://openalex.org/W4288053443","https://openalex.org/W6678914141","https://openalex.org/W6800585547","https://openalex.org/W6802241715","https://openalex.org/W6804299278","https://openalex.org/W6807070724","https://openalex.org/W6809527403"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2122667464","https://openalex.org/W2054831422","https://openalex.org/W2106731176","https://openalex.org/W3047671631","https://openalex.org/W2902098370","https://openalex.org/W1548186045","https://openalex.org/W1838530225","https://openalex.org/W2066185872","https://openalex.org/W1557820045","https://openalex.org/W2387104004"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,80],"analysis":[1,208,250],"and":[2,67,96,233,247,251,295,301,310,334,441],"segmentation":[3,32,102,269,291,308,321,366,387,408],"of":[4,14,22,26,57,87,131,141,145,148,170,191,198,209,255,267,290,320,343,364,368,428,435,448],"articular":[5,173,256],"cartilage":[6,74,174,257,297,375,386],"magnetic":[7],"resonance":[8],"(MR)":[9],"images":[10],"belongs":[11],"to":[12,92,117,164,277],"one":[13],"the":[15,23,27,39,55,71,85,93,115,129,150,156,166,177,210,243,252,265,268,306,312,325,341,351,355,362,365,379,400,406,412,420,433,458],"most":[16,167,398],"commonly":[17],"routine":[18,244,307,407,421],"tasks":[19],"in":[20,70,128,282,354,388,432],"diagnostics":[21],"musculoskeletal":[24],"system":[25],"knee":[28],"area.":[29],"Conventional":[30],"regional":[31,58,101],"methods,":[33],"which":[34,149,187,315,415],"are":[35,62,77,183],"based":[36,159,213],"either":[37,106],"on":[38,160,214,328],"histogram":[40,146],"partitioning":[41],"(e.g.,":[42,48],"Otsu":[43,124,246,440],"method)":[44],"or":[45,109,126],"clustering":[46],"methods":[47,61,89,121,194,212,359,409,459],"K-means),":[49],"have":[50,114],"been":[51],"frequently":[52],"used":[53],"for":[54,172,195,237,249,286,374,385,411,419],"task":[56],"segmentation.":[59,175],"Such":[60],"well":[63,68],"known":[64],"as":[65,123,360,445],"fast":[66],"working":[69],"environment,":[72,455],"where":[73],"image":[75,94,284],"features":[76,253,298,376],"reliably":[78],"recognizable.":[79],"well-known":[81],"fact":[82],"is":[83,90,152,188,416],"that":[84,340],"performance":[86,266,353,434],"these":[88,119],"prone":[91],"noise":[95,273,371],"artefacts.":[97],"In":[98,201,397],"this":[99,202,449,461],"context,":[100],"strategies,":[103,113,309],"driven":[104,218],"by":[105,154,219],"genetic":[107,235,383],"algorithms":[108,384],"selected":[110],"evolutionary":[111],"computing":[112,313,413],"potential":[116],"overcome":[118,405],"traditional":[120],"such":[122,180,193],"thresholding":[125,240,345],"K-means":[127,248,442],"context":[130],"their":[132],"performance.":[133,322,396],"These":[134],"optimization":[135,181,211,226,231,330,402,437],"strategies":[136,182,270,403,438],"consecutively":[137],"generate":[138],"a":[139,142,189,196,206,234,279,287,394,446,453],"pyramid":[140],"possible":[143],"set":[144],"thresholds,":[147],"quality":[151],"evaluated":[153],"using":[155,192,382],"fitness":[157],"function":[158],"Kapur's":[161],"entropy":[162],"maximization":[163],"find":[165],"optimal":[168,239],"combination":[169,342],"thresholds":[171],"On":[176,378],"other":[178,358,380],"hand,":[179,381],"often":[184],"computationally":[185],"demanding,":[186],"limitation":[190],"stack":[197],"MR":[199,259],"images.":[200,260],"study,":[203,450],"we":[204,451],"publish":[205,425,452],"comprehensive":[207],"fuzzy":[215,344],"soft":[216],"segmentation,":[217],"artificial":[220],"bee":[221],"colony":[222],"(ABC),":[223],"particle":[224,229],"swarm":[225,230],"(PSO),":[227],"Darwinian":[228],"(DPSO),":[232],"algorithm":[236,349],"an":[238,317,347],"selection":[241],"against":[242,305,439],"segmentations":[245],"extraction":[254,303],"from":[258,361,460],"This":[261,337],"study":[262,338],"objectively":[263],"analyzes":[264],"upon":[271],"variable":[272],"with":[274,346,357],"dynamic":[275,370],"intensities":[276],"report":[278],"segmentation's":[280],"robustness":[281],"various":[283,288],"conditions":[285],"number":[289],"classes":[292],"(4,":[293],"7,":[294],"10),":[296],"(area,":[299],"perimeter,":[300],"skeleton)":[302],"preciseness":[304],"lastly":[311],"time,":[314,414],"represents":[316],"important":[318],"factor":[319],"We":[323,423],"use":[324],"same":[326],"settings":[327],"individual":[329,436],"strategies:":[331],"100":[332],"iterations":[333],"50":[335],"population.":[336],"suggests":[339],"ABC":[348],"gives":[350],"best":[352],"comparison":[356],"view":[363],"influence":[367],"additive":[369],"influence,":[372],"also":[373,424],"extraction.":[377],"some":[389],"cases":[390],"does":[391],"not":[392],"give":[393],"good":[395],"cases,":[399],"analyzed":[401],"significantly":[404],"except":[410],"normally":[417],"lower":[418],"algorithms.":[422],"statistical":[426],"tests":[427],"significance,":[429],"showing":[430],"differences":[431],"method.":[443],"Lastly,":[444],"part":[447],"software":[454],"integrating":[456],"all":[457],"study.":[462]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}