{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4292553324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166297","title":"Directivity Dependence of a Distributed Fiber Optic Hydrophone on Array Structure","display_name":"Directivity Dependence of a Distributed Fiber Optic Hydrophone on Array Structure","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4292553324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166297","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36016057"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166297","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166297","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6297/pdf?version=1661248049","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6297/pdf?version=1661248049","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101418472","display_name":"Wenmin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4665-8508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenmin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100401985","display_name":"Yu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9928-6130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100768490","display_name":"Yan Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8061-1769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101834126","display_name":"Yang L\u00fc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0896-2402"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104687891","display_name":"Zhou Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9781-883X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhou Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104687891"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.3684,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5720474,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"16","first_page":"6297","last_page":"6297"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":0.977400004863739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11757","display_name":"Seismic Waves and Analysis","score":0.9758999943733215,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrophone","display_name":"Hydrophone","score":0.9490240812301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directivity","display_name":"Directivity","score":0.8709592819213867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/side-lobe","display_name":"Side lobe","score":0.8312814235687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/main-lobe","display_name":"Main lobe","score":0.6821915507316589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.6072374582290649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.5634223222732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength","display_name":"Wavelength","score":0.5397305488586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5386767983436584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4251348376274109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3390216827392578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.32061105966567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17087194323539734}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776328434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798062","display_name":"Hydrophone","level":2,"score":0.9490240812301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189039984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8225412","display_name":"Directivity","level":3,"score":0.8709592819213867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181856588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2040092","display_name":"Side lobe","level":3,"score":0.8312814235687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166923610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6673925","display_name":"Main lobe","level":3,"score":0.6821915507316589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6072374582290649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.5634223222732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.5397305488586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5386767983436584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4251348376274109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3390216827392578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.32061105966567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17087194323539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166297","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166297","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6297/pdf?version=1661248049","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36016057","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36016057","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:acc9a296806c49208114f78f825d2533","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/acc9a296806c49208114f78f825d2533","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 16, p 6297 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/16/6297/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22166297","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 16; Pages: 6297","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9414838","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9414838","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166297","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166297","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6297/pdf?version=1661248049","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292553324.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292553324.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997314213","https://openalex.org/W2000434264","https://openalex.org/W2032666141","https://openalex.org/W2039541313","https://openalex.org/W2046049434","https://openalex.org/W2059804507","https://openalex.org/W2062573380","https://openalex.org/W2064013146","https://openalex.org/W2084428693","https://openalex.org/W2157855095","https://openalex.org/W2207395937","https://openalex.org/W2314765185","https://openalex.org/W2333199765","https://openalex.org/W2579070857","https://openalex.org/W2603912338","https://openalex.org/W2809685438","https://openalex.org/W2903853375","https://openalex.org/W2924982673","https://openalex.org/W2965871330","https://openalex.org/W3085130485","https://openalex.org/W3119189689","https://openalex.org/W3153244043","https://openalex.org/W3213559337","https://openalex.org/W4226048856","https://openalex.org/W4241516879"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1999635241","https://openalex.org/W2170642318","https://openalex.org/W2154748188","https://openalex.org/W4378980342","https://openalex.org/W2067973121","https://openalex.org/W2384433281","https://openalex.org/W3210760621","https://openalex.org/W4292553324","https://openalex.org/W2376642575","https://openalex.org/W2077296808"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"distributed":[1,172],"fiber":[2,11,173],"optic":[3,12,174],"hydrophone":[4,13,175],"(DFOH)":[5],"is":[6,29,61,120,127],"a":[7,24,38,44,171],"new":[8],"type":[9],"of":[10,20,23,37,43,143,170],"(FOH)":[14],"with":[15],"adjustable":[16],"structure.":[17],"The":[18,34],"dependence":[19],"the":[21,50,53,58,64,71,75,81,87,92,100,125,130,133,141,144,167],"directivity":[22,35,51,123],"DFOH":[25,45],"on":[26,49,67],"array":[27],"structure":[28,168],"theoretically":[30],"and":[31,41,70,86,104,112,148,157],"experimentally":[32],"studied.":[33],"function":[36],"sensing":[39,77],"channel":[40,78,93,118,134],"that":[42,74],"are":[46,55,153],"derived.":[47],"Based":[48],"function,":[52],"simulations":[54],"performed.":[56],"Finally,":[57],"theoretical":[59],"analysis":[60],"demonstrated":[62],"by":[63,110],"experiments":[65],"performed":[66],"Qingyang":[68],"lake,":[69],"results":[72],"reveal":[73],"longer":[76],"length":[79,94],"guarantees":[80],"lower":[82,154],"first-order":[83,105,149],"side":[84,106,150],"lobe":[85,102,107,146,151],"narrower":[88],"main":[89,101,145],"lobe.":[90],"As":[91,132],"increased":[95,136],"from":[96,137],"1":[97],"to":[98,122,139],"3,":[99],"width":[103,147],"height":[108,152],"decreased":[109],"4.9\u00b0":[111],"6":[113],"dB,":[114,159],"respectively.":[115,160],"In":[116],"addition,":[117],"spacing":[119,126,135],"irrelevant":[121],"as":[124],"shorter":[128],"than":[129,155],"wavelength.":[131],"0":[138],"1,":[140],"variations":[142],"0.5\u00b0":[156],"0.94":[158],"This":[161],"study":[162],"would":[163],"provide":[164],"guidance":[165],"for":[166],"design":[169],"in":[176],"signal":[177],"processing.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
