{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4292974188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166280","title":"Cellulose Nanofiber Films and Their Vibration Energy Harvesting","display_name":"Cellulose Nanofiber Films and Their Vibration Energy Harvesting","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4292974188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166280","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36016041"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166280","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6280/pdf?version=1661067175","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6280/pdf?version=1661067175","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073383188","display_name":"Seok\u2010Hyun Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191879574","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seok-Hyun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-ku, Incheon 22212, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-ku, Incheon 22212, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100447941","display_name":"Jaehwan Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6152-2924"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191879574","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaehwan Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-ku, Incheon 22212, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6152-2924","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-ku, Incheon 22212, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073383188"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":0.7242,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63945386,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"16","first_page":"6280","last_page":"6280"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10610","display_name":"Advanced Cellulose Research Studies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10610","display_name":"Advanced Cellulose Research Studies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11737","display_name":"Advanced Materials and Mechanics","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10729","display_name":"Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.8239339590072632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.6702454090118408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellulose","display_name":"Cellulose","score":0.5655490159988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanofiber","display_name":"Nanofiber","score":0.554023027420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyvinyl-alcohol","display_name":"Polyvinyl alcohol","score":0.5467816591262817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toughness","display_name":"Toughness","score":0.4960518777370453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultimate-tensile-strength","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","score":0.4952525198459625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biocompatibility","display_name":"Biocompatibility","score":0.43662604689598083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-engineering","display_name":"Chemical engineering","score":0.1511886715888977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8239339590072632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.6702454090118408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779251873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80294","display_name":"Cellulose","level":2,"score":0.5655490159988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91129048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q594196","display_name":"Nanofiber","level":2,"score":0.554023027420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778551929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146339","display_name":"Polyvinyl alcohol","level":2,"score":0.5467816591262817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99595764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486802","display_name":"Toughness","level":2,"score":0.4960518777370453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112950240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","level":2,"score":0.4952525198459625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777230088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864426","display_name":"Biocompatibility","level":2,"score":0.43662604689598083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1511886715888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002482","descriptor_name":"Cellulose","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002482","descriptor_name":"Cellulose","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002482","descriptor_name":"Cellulose","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011142","descriptor_name":"Polyvinyl Alcohol","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011142","descriptor_name":"Polyvinyl Alcohol","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011142","descriptor_name":"Polyvinyl Alcohol","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013535","descriptor_name":"Suspensions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013535","descriptor_name":"Suspensions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013535","descriptor_name":"Suspensions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013718","descriptor_name":"Tensile Strength","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013718","descriptor_name":"Tensile Strength","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013718","descriptor_name":"Tensile Strength","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014732","descriptor_name":"Vibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014732","descriptor_name":"Vibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014732","descriptor_name":"Vibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057139","descriptor_name":"Nanofibers","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057139","descriptor_name":"Nanofibers","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057139","descriptor_name":"Nanofibers","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166280","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6280/pdf?version=1661067175","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36016041","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36016041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:51452129837d4986b69028781997eb97","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/51452129837d4986b69028781997eb97","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 16, p 6280 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/22/16/6280/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22166280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 22; Issue 16; Pages: 6280","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9414829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9414829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22166280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166280","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/16/6280/pdf?version=1661067175","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321370","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292974188.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4292974188.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28327895","https://openalex.org/W1970554493","https://openalex.org/W1975324499","https://openalex.org/W1976410849","https://openalex.org/W1998051272","https://openalex.org/W2011273439","https://openalex.org/W2040697493","https://openalex.org/W2055878758","https://openalex.org/W2073296689","https://openalex.org/W2085142657","https://openalex.org/W2139413502","https://openalex.org/W2334134073","https://openalex.org/W2396528463","https://openalex.org/W2406119028","https://openalex.org/W2406345809","https://openalex.org/W2791401732","https://openalex.org/W2800090145","https://openalex.org/W2919016012","https://openalex.org/W2946163547","https://openalex.org/W3036305757","https://openalex.org/W3148393821","https://openalex.org/W4205116496","https://openalex.org/W4226307449"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393655250","https://openalex.org/W2393417063","https://openalex.org/W2561756220","https://openalex.org/W2365560514","https://openalex.org/W3133255884","https://openalex.org/W2366511187","https://openalex.org/W2093398304","https://openalex.org/W4205195837","https://openalex.org/W2940310901","https://openalex.org/W4377232514"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cellulose,":[0],"the":[1,65,100,106,110,125,140,160,164,169,174,185,207,211,238,264],"most":[2],"abundant":[3],"sustainable":[4],"material":[5],"on":[6,70,237],"Earth,":[7],"has":[8,22],"excellent":[9],"mechanical":[10,107,113,171],"and":[11,18,28,42,49,61,64,136,146,155,181,193,214,248,275],"physical":[12,62],"properties,":[13],"high":[14],"optical":[15],"transparency,":[16],"biocompatibility,":[17],"piezoelectricity.":[19],"So,":[20],"it":[21],"many":[23,29],"possibilities":[24],"for":[25,90,273],"future":[26],"materials,":[27],"researchers":[30],"are":[31,47,190],"interested":[32],"in":[33,84,95],"its":[34,249],"application.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37],"paper,":[38],"cellulose":[39],"nanofiber":[40],"(CNF)":[41],"CNF/polyvinyl":[43],"alcohol":[44],"(PVA)":[45],"films":[46,148],"made,":[48],"their":[50],"vibration":[51,199,260,277],"energy":[52,200,261,278],"harvesting":[53,201,262],"is":[54,271],"studied.":[55],"CNF":[56,66,80,96,111,118,141,145,266],"was":[57,68,115,120,133,203,222,230,244,252],"isolated":[58],"by":[59,205,224],"chemical":[60],"methods,":[63],"suspension":[67,119],"cast":[69,79,129],"a":[71,76,85,198,226],"flat":[72],"substrate":[73],"to":[74,99,158,232],"make":[75],"film.":[77,267],"A":[78],"wet":[81,131],"film":[82,126,132,167,189,257,270],"stayed":[83],"5":[86],"Tesla":[87],"superconductor":[88],"magnet":[89],"7":[91],"days,":[92],"which":[93,138,229],"resulted":[94],"alignment":[97],"perpendicular":[98],"magnetic":[101],"field.":[102],"To":[103],"further":[104],"improve":[105],"properties":[108,172],"of":[109,184,210],"film,":[112],"stretching":[114],"applied.":[116],"The":[117,128,143,177,219,240,255,268],"mixed":[121],"with":[122],"PVA,":[123],"giving":[124],"toughness.":[127],"CNF/PVA":[130,147,166,188,217,256,269],"mechanically":[134],"stretched":[135,187,216],"dried,":[137],"improved":[139],"alignment.":[142,161],"fabricated":[144],"were":[149],"characterized":[150],"using":[151,246],"scanning":[152],"electron":[153],"microscopy":[154],"X-ray":[156],"diffraction":[157],"verify":[159],"By":[162],"stretching,":[163],"aligned":[165,175],"exhibits":[168],"largest":[170],"along":[173],"direction.":[176],"maximum":[178],"Young's":[179],"modulus":[180],"tensile":[182],"strength":[183],"50%":[186,215],"14.9":[191],"GPa":[192],"170.6":[194],"MPa,":[195],"respectively.":[196],"Finally,":[197],"experiment":[202],"performed":[204],"invoking":[206],"piezoelectric":[208],"behavior":[209],"pure":[212,265],"CNF,":[213],"films.":[218,239],"harvester":[220],"structure":[221,243],"innovated":[223],"adopting":[225],"cymbal":[227,242],"structure,":[228],"beneficial":[231],"producing":[233],"large":[234],"in-plane":[235],"strain":[236],"designed":[241],"analyzed":[245],"ANSYS,":[247],"natural":[250],"frequency":[251],"experimentally":[253],"verified.":[254],"performs":[258],"better":[259],"than":[263],"applicable":[272],"biocompatible":[274],"flexible":[276],"harvesting.":[279]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
